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TRACTON, a parish, in the barony of KINNALEA, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (S.) from Carrigaline, on the road to Roberts-Cove, and on that from Ringabella to Kinsale; containing 2838 inhabitants. An abbey of Cistercian monks was founded here by the family of McCarthy in 1224, the monks having been brought from Whiteland, in Carmarthenshire, South Wales, called also "De Alba Landa," and "Albo Tractu," whence the name of this parish is thought to be derived. In 1375, Edw. III. confirmed the several possessions which had been granted to it. According to Dr. Smith, great numbers of pilgrims annually visited this place on Holy Thursday, to pay their devotions to a piece of the real cross that the monks were reputed to possess, which was presented by Barry Oge, and preserved here with religious veneration until the suppression of the monasteries. The abbot regularly sat as a lord of parliament. In 1568 the abbey and its possessions were granted by Queen Elizabeth to Henry Guilford and Sir James Craig, on payment of a fine of £7. 15.; the latter afterwards assigned his interest in it to Richard, first Earl of Cork, who obtained a grant of it in the 7th of Jas. I.; it now forms part of the estate of the Earl of Shannon.
The parish comprises 2558 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is very good, and is chiefly in dairy farms; about one-fourth is arable, producing mostly wheat and potatoes: the manure used is principally sea-sand, which is brought to Menane bridge, or Ringabella creek, in boats manned with three men each; where also sea-coal, the fuel mostly used, is landed. Near Tracton is a small bog. At Ahnacarriga, the property of the Earl of Shannon, are valuable lead mines, worked some years since but now discontinued. At Ringabella are very extensive works, conducted by an English company of miners, and employing upwards of 400 persons; the ore raised is very good. Not far from the church are rocks of excellent slate, but the quarries are very indifferently worked. The river is navigable for hookers up to Menane bridge, about three miles from the bay; it is very intricate on account of the serpentine course it takes, but not dangerous. A canal has been contemplated, to commence at the bridge and to continue through the valley to Belgooley, about ten miles, which would be very beneficial, as great quantities of manure are obliged now to be carried overland. The gentlemen's seats are Ringabella, the residence of S. A. Austin, Esq.; Gurtnagrenane, of L. Shea, Esq.; Broomley, of G. Daunt, Esq.; and Fountainstown, of F. Hodder, Esq.
The living is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Cork, united to those of Kilmony, Kilpatrick, Ballyfoyle, Kinnure and Clontead, and in the patronage of the Earl of Shannon, in whom the rectory is impropriate: the tithes amount to £403. 10., wholly payable to the impropriator. The income of the perpetual curate arises from £25 from the Earl of Shannon, and £50 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £50, in 1814, from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 24 acres: both the house and land have been given up to the original proprietor from whom the Board purchased the land, although £650 had been expended in building and £500 as a fine, so as to reduce the rent of the land. The church, surrounded by a grove of trees at the bottom of a deep valley, forms a pleasingly picturesque object; it is a plain building, with a small tower and low spire, erected upon the site of the ancient abbey, by aid of a loan of £1000, in 1817, from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, also called Kinnalea, comprising this parish and those of Nohoval, Kilpatrick, Ballyfoyle, and Kinnure; and containing two chapels; that at Menane bridge is a large neat edifice, recently enlarged and improved by subscription. About 200 children are educated in the parochial and two other schools. Inconsiderable remains of the old abbey may be traced; and numerous sculptured stones, scattered around the neighbourhood, afford some idea of the magnificent character of the structure. Tracton gave the title of Baron to James Dennis, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, in 1781, which title is extinct; a splendid monument of white marble has been erected to his memory in the cathedral at Cork. A chalybeate spring exists here, but is not now used.
TRADDERY.--See TOMFINLOE.
TRALEE, a borough, assize, sea-port, market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of TRUGHENACKMY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 58 1/4 miles (W. N. W.) from Cork, and 151 (S. W. by W.) from Dublin; containing 11,021 inhabitants, of which number 9568 are in the town. Its ancient name, Traleigh, "the strand of the Leigh," is derived from its situation near the point at which the river Leigh discharges itself into the broad sandy bay of Tralee; this river, though apparently so insignificant as to be covered over during its course through the town, is occasionally so much swelled by the winter torrents from the mountains as to cause much inconvenience and at times damage to the inhabitants. The first historical notice of the town is the foundation of a Dominican monastery, in 1213, by John Fitz-Thomas, of the Geraldine family, who having been slain with his son Maurice and many of his followers in the battle at Callan against McCarthy More, was interred in it. In 1325, Maurice Fitz-Maurice, fourth lord of Kerry, slew Dermot McCarthy in the presence of the judge of assize, for which act he was severely punished. In 1576, the great Earl of Desmond, who claimed the privilege that his palatinate should not be amenable to the jurisdiction of the King's judges, having in vain endeavoured to prevent Sir Wm. Drury, then Lord-Justice, from holding the assizes at Tralee, invited him to his castle, where he met him attended by a large body of his followers. The Lord-Justice seeing them advancing towards him in military order, suspected treachery and ordered his attendants to charge them, upon which Desmond and his men fled with the greatest precipitation, leaving his countess to explain the cause of the alarm. In 1579, Sir Henry Davels, who had been sent by the Lord-Deputy to summon the Earl of Desmond to join him with his forces against the Spaniards, who had landed at Smerwick, on his return from this mission was assassinated at Tralee by Sir John Desmond, a relation of the earl. In 1600, Sir Chas. Wilmot here routed a party of the Irish with considerable slaughter. At the breaking out of the war of 1641 all the English families in and about Tralee took shelter in the castle belonging to Sir Edw. Denny, to whom it had been granted after the death of the Earl of Desmond and the forfeiture of his property; and Sir Edward assembled all his tenants for its defence, but being ordered away on another duty he left the newcomers to their own resources, which they exerted so effectually that they kept the besiegers at bay for six months, until, being worn out with fatigue and hunger, and discouraged by the death of their governor, Sir Thomas Harris, they surrendered. The town was soon after destroyed and the surrounding country wasted by the Irish, on the approach of Lord Inchiquin, to prevent him from making it his head-quarters. It was treated in a similar manner in 1691, on the approach of King William's forces.
The town, which, with the surrounding district, is the property of Sir Edw. Denny, contained, in 1831, 1354 houses: it is situated near the foot of a range of mountains and about a mile and a half from the bay of the same name, on a site so low as to be occasionally flooded when high spring tides meet the mountain torrents. It consists of an irregular main street, upwards of a mile long, having several streets branching laterally from it on each side: the streets, which are kept in repair by county presentments, are partially paved and flagged, but not lighted; a proposal made to remedy these defects and to procure the inhabitants a full supply of water, under the provisions of the act of the 9th of Geo. IV., c. 82, was rejected by a public meeting convened in 1832, and the town is now provided with water from pumps fitted up by subscription during the prevalence of the cholera. It has been much improved within the last few years by the erection of several good houses and the formation of a new street, named Denny-street, formed on the site of the ancient castle of the Earl of Desmond, at the western extremity of which is the entrance to the castle demesne, which has been lately much improved, and forms a delightful promenade open to the public. The county club and newsroom is in this street, and there are two other reading and news-rooms, called the Chamber of Commerce and the Constitutional Club. Races are held at the spa in July or August, and an annual regatta in the bay has been lately established. The barracks, at Ballymullen, about half a mile from the town, and capable of accommodating 17 officers, and 456 non-commissioned officers and privates, and 6 horses, with an hospital for 30 patients, form a substantial building, erected in 1810 at an expense of £20,000: they stand in an enclosed area of about 15 1/2 acres. Near the barracks is the brewery of Mr. Bender, also the distillery of Messrs. Newell and Grant, which manufactures upwards of 70,000 gallons of whiskey annually. The extensive ale and porter brewery of Messrs. Cox and Tidmarsh, producing about 2300 tierces annually, and another on a less extensive scale, are situated in the town. The markets, which are held on Tuesday and Saturday, are abundantly supplied with meat and vegetables, and with fish from the bays of Dingle and Tralee; there are no regular marketplaces, and the dealings are carried on in the public streets, to the great inconvenience of the inhabitants: the provost acts as clerk of the market, in examining the weights and measures and in correcting abuses and deciding disputes; market jurors are sworn at quarter sessions. The town has an extensive retail trade. Fairs are held on May 3rd, Aug. 4th and 5th, Oct. 9th and 10th, Nov. 7th and 8th, and Dec. 13th. There are branches of the Bank of Ireland and of the Provincial and National Banks in the town. About 15 years since the export of grain was confined to two or three small cargoes annually; there is now a considerable export, which is increasing every year; the chief articles are wheat and oats, the barley being mostly purchased for home consumption: butter is also exported, but not to its former extent: coal and timber are the chief articles imported. The improvements in the trade, commerce, and general appearance of Tralee have been very considerable of late years, and are rapidly progressing notwithstanding the inconvenience arising from the extreme shallowness of the water in the river, which prevents the approach of vessels exceeding 50 or 60 tons nearer than Blennerville, about l 1/2 mile distant, and obliges large vessels to lie at the Samphire islands, off Fenit point, a distance of about five miles. To remedy this defect, a local act of the 9th of Geo. IV., c. 118, was procured, creating a corporate board of commissioners for the purpose of constructing a navigable canal adequate to bring up large vessels to the town. The canal, which is now in progress, commences at Croompane-Rockard, near the west end of the town, where there is a basin 400 feet by 150, on the north side of which is to be a quay faced with hewn stone: the canal, which proceeds thence to the Blackrock, beyond Blennerville, is to be 74 feet wide and 15 feet deep: the estimated expense is £24,000. When finished, vessels of 300 tons burden will be enabled to discharge at the quay. The canal commissioners are empowered to impose certain dues on the imports and exports, and on vessels coming into the port; these dues, in 1834, amounted to £600. The amount of the excise duties of the district, for the year 1835, was £11,265. 9. 6. The town is the head station of the coast-guard district and residence of the inspecting commander: it comprises the stations of Castlegregory, Kilfinura, Ballyheigue, the Cashen river, and Beale. It is also a chief constabulary police station.
The town was incorporated by a charter of the 10th of Jas. I., under the name of "the Provost, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Tralee;" to consist of a provost, 12 burgesses and a commonalty. The provost, elected annually, is hereby appointed clerk of the market, justice of the peace for the county of Kerry, and judge of a borough court of record. The burgesses are elected for life: the charter declares all the inhabitants of the borough freemen, together with such others as the provost and free burgesses admit; but as the freedom gives no privilege but that of exemption from tolls, it has never been claimed as of right. The charter grants to the borough the right of returning two members to parliament, and vests the election in the provost and burgesses: the borough was disfranchised at the Union, but by the act of the 2nd of Wm. IV., cap. 88, it is empowered to return one member, to be elected by the £10 householders, with a restoration of their former right of voting to the burgesses, provided they be resident in the borough or within seven miles of it. The borough is not co-extensive with the parish, but comprises a portion of the country round the town, to the extent of about seven miles in circumference. The new electoral boundary, including part of the parish of Ratass, in which are the county gaol and the barracks, comprises an area of 534 statute acres, the limits of which are particularly described in the Appendix: the provost is the returning officer. He also presides at a court of record, held every Thursday, for personal actions not exceeding five marks, Irish. The assizes for the county of Kerry are held at Tralee; and general sessions of the peace four times in the year: petty sessions are held every Tuesday. The county courthouse, erected near the eastern end of Denny-street, at an expense of £14,000, is an edifice of great elegance: its front presents a Grecian portico approached by a noble flight of steps and surmounted with a fine pediment: the main building, which is circular, has the criminal court of justice on the one side and the civil on the other, separated by the judges' and other chambers in the centre of the building: the county offices are in the rear. The county gaol, situated near the barracks, is a large and substantial building on the radiating principle, consisting of an octangular centre containing the governor's apartments, from which project two lateral wings and one rearward containing wards for the male prisoners; in the front are two detached buildings for female prisoners and debtors, and in the rear another of semicircular form for a chapel: it affords accommodations, with separate beds, for 209 prisoners, and has a treadmill.
The parish contains 4393 1/2 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: it is intersected by the small rivers Ballymullen and Leigh, which unite just before they fall into the strait or haven at the western entrance of the town. The soil is in general of superior quality, and chiefly in tillage; the system of agriculture is gradually improving: it contains some mountain pasture and shallow bog. Limestone and black marble are found within its limits: the materials with which the new courthouse was constructed were chiefly raised from a quarry of fine limestone near the castle green, which has been since filled up and planted. Sea-weed from Tralee bay is in general use for manure. The principal gentlemen's seats in the vicinity are Ballyseedy, the finely planted demesne of Arth. Blennerhasset, Esq., now occupied by Sir Edw. Denny, Bart.; Oak Park, the residence of John Bateman, Esq., situated in grounds well wooded with oak, among which are some trees of singular size and beauty, and open to the public; Belmont, of the Rev. A. B. Rowan; Ballard House, of Fras. Crosbie, Esq.; Spring Lodge, of F. J. Martelli, Esq.; Lower Cannon, of J. Eagar, Esq.; Magh, of W. Seely, Esq.; Chute Hall, of W. Chute, Esq.; Spring Hill, of Capt. Chute; Arbella, of Fras. Feet, Esq.; Plover Hill, of Geo. Gun, Esq.; and Frogmore Lodge, of the Rev. Barry Denny. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of Sir Edw. Denny: the tithes amount to £408. 7. 7. The glebe-house is a large and commodious building adjoining the church; the glebe comprises 11a. 0r. 29p. The church, which was enlarged in 1819 by aid of a loan of £2450 from the late Board of First Fruits, and more recently enlarged and thoroughly repaired by a fund raised by subscription and the sale of the pews, is a large and handsome structure with a square tower surmounted with pinnacles. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the greater part of the parishes of Annagh, Clogherbrien, and Ratass: the chapel is a spacious and handsome edifice, the entrance to which from the High-street is through a fine avenue bordered with trees. A convent for nuns of the order of the Presentation, established about 12 years since, has a small chapel attached to it. There are places of worship for Calvinistic Independents and Wesleyan Methodists. A school, under the superintendence of the incumbent, was built about 12 years since by aid of a grant of £140 from the Lord-Lieutenant's fund, and shortly after its erection was placed in connection with the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity, who allow the master a fixed salary of £20 per ann. and a contingent gratuity of £10: there is also a school for females, formerly in connection with the London Hibernian Society, held under the same roof; the salary of the mistress is paid by subscriptions, which average £30 per ann.: the building can accommodate 80 children of each sex, and both schools are under the superintendence of the Protestant clergyman. A male school in connection with the Board of National Education is held in a large edifice, consisting of an upper and lower apartment, each extending the whole length of the building, and together affording accommodation for about 800 children. A female free school is connected with the convent of the Presentation, by the nuns of which the children are instructed in the elements of useful literature and in lace-making and needle-work: it is partly supported by a grant from the same Board. There are five private schools: the number of children instructed in all these schools is about 830. There is also a Sunday school in the town. The county infirmary, with a dispensary attached, has been established here. The county fever hospital, a substantial modern building, forming three sides of a quadrangle, and capable of accommodating 200 patients, is situated in a spacious area in the vicinity. There is also a temporary asylum for the reception of lunatics previously to their transmission to the district lunatic asylum at Limerick. Two asylums for the aged and impotent poor are supported respectively by the Protestant and Catholic inhabitants. A neat row of six almshouses, affording accommodation to 36 poor widows, was built in 1832 by Dr. McEniry, P. P., at an expense of £600: the widows are selected by the parish priest. The interest of £1000 Irish, bequeathed by Miss Tuomy, of Tralee, who died about 30 years since, is distributed by the parish priest among the poor, generally at Christmas. The only relics of the ancient abbey are some sculptured ornaments which have been built into the front of the R. C. chapel and of the adjoining school-house. At Ballybeggan are the remains of a castle, and at the northern outlet are some slight vestiges of the castle of Mac Allistrom or Ellistrom. On the northern shore of the bay, about three miles from the town, is a celebrated chalybeate spring, which has given the name of Spa to a small watering-place that is described under its own head.
TRAMORE, a maritime market and post-town, in the parish of DRUMCANNON, barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. S. W.) from Waterford, and 81 3/4 (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 2224 inhabitants. This town is situated at the north-western extremity of the bay of Tramore, to which it gives name, commanding a fine view of the sea, and sheltered by the surrounding heights from the most prevailing winds. In the reign of Hen.V., the Irish sept of the Powers, with their adherents, being then in a state of hostility with the citizens of Waterford, landed at this place, and proceeding to Ballymacdane were joined by the O'Driscolls, when a battle took place, in which they were defeated by the citizens with great slaughter. The advantages of its situation and its fine beach, which is more than three English miles in length and perfectly firm and level, have made this town a favourite place of resort for sea-bathing by the inhabitants of Waterford and of the adjacent counties. Many comfortable lodging-houses have been built for the accommodation of visiters, and a spacious hotel has been erected by Mr. Rivers on an elevated site above the village. A new line of road on a better level has been constructed from Waterford, and great facilities of intercourse with that city are afforded by numerous vehicles. These advantages, combined with pure air, have made it a pleasant summer residence, and several handsome houses have been erected in the village and its immediate vicinity, of which the principal are Tramore Lodge, the residence of W. Christmas, Esq.; Eastland, of P. G. Barron, Esq.; and Newtown, of E. O'Neil Power, Esq. Races, which are much encouraged by the neighbouring gentry, and supported by subscription, are held annually on the strand. At one extremity of the beach immense heaps of sand have been thrown up by the sea and now form a rabbit warren; from their summit is a fine view of the bay, the navigation of which is very dangerous. In 1816, the Sea Horse transport, with the 2nd battalion of the 59th regiment of foot, was wrecked in this bay, when 292 men and 71 women and children perished. Within the entrance of the bay are two small fishing coves, from which it has been proposed to carry out two piers for the prevention of similar calamities, and which would also form a commodious harbour for the boats employed in the Nymph bank fisheries. The market is on Saturday, and is well supplied with meat, fish, and vegetables: it is held in a large walled square, along one side of which are sheds, erected by Lord Doneraile. A chief constabulary police force is stationed here, and petty sessions are held on alternate Tuesdays. The parish church of Drumcannon is situated in the town, and in the churchyard is a monument raised by the surviving officers of the 59th to the memory of the shipwrecked soldiers of that regiment; they also ordered a monument to be erected in the cemetery of the old church at Drumcannon, over the remains of those who were interred there, which has been executed but not yet put up. The town is the head of a R. C. union or district, comprising the parishes of Drumcannon and Corbally, in each of which is a chapel, that of Drum-cannon being in the town of Tramore. An almshouse founded for 12 men and 12 women, by Mrs. Catherine Walsh, and a dispensary maintained in the customary manner are also situated in the town; near which are the ruins of the castle of Cullen, formerly a place of great strength.
TREADINGSTOWN, or BALLYREDDIN, a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (W. S. W.) from Gowran, on the river Nore: the population is returned with the parish of Killarney. This small parish comprises only 704 statute acres: it is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, entirely appropriate to the economy estate of the cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny; the tithes amount to £78. 11. In the Roman Catholic divisions it forms part of the union or district of Danesfort.
TREVET.--See TRYVETT.
TRILLICK, a market-town, in the parish of KILSKERRY, barony of OMAGH, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, 9 miles (N. by E.) from Enniskillen, on the road to Omagh, to both which places it has a penny post: the population is returned with the parish. It owes its origin to the family of Mervyn, who settled at the neighbouring castle of Mervyn in the reign of Jas. I., and is a small but very improving town, being a convenient stage from Enniskillen, and having an excellent hotel. The surrounding district is undulating and hilly and is embellished with several lakes: the land in cultivation is generally fertile, and a large tract of waste land has lately been reclaimed. Here is a good market-house, recently repaired by Gen. Mervyn Archdall, of Trillick Lodge, the proprietor of the town and adjacent lands, in which a market is held every Tuesday, chiefly for butter and provisions; and there is a fair on the 14th of every month. This is a constabulary police station; petty sessions are held on alternate Mondays; and courts leet and baron every three weeks, for the recovery of debts under 50s. Here are meeting-houses for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, in the former of which also divine service is performed by the clergyman of the Established Church, monthly in winter and once a fortnight in summer. No vestiges are discernible of the abbey said to have been founded here in the 7th century; but near the town are the ruins of Castle Mervyn.
TRIM, an incorporated market, assize, and post-town, (formerly a parliamentary borough), and a parish, partly in the barony of UPPER NAVAN, but chiefly in that of LOWER MOYFENRAGH, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 10 1/2 miles (N. W.) from Kilcock, and 25 (N. W. by W.) from Dublin; containing 5926 inhabitants, of which number, 3282 are in the town. This place, formerly called Ath-Trym, is of very remote antiquity, and was celebrated for its abbey of Canons Regular, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. The establishment became the seat of a small bishoprick, of which St. Loman, nephew of St. Patrick, was made the first bishop; of his successors, who were indifferently styled abbots or bishops, no regular notice is preserved till the year 1152, when the diocese was united with several others to form the see of Meath. In 1108 the town and monastery were burned by Conor O'Melaghlin, and more than 200 persons who had taken refuge in the church perished in the flames; in 1143 and 1155 also the town suffered from conflagration. After the English invasion it was, with the whole of the territory of Meath, given by Hen. II. to Hugh de Lacy, who made it a free borough; and his son and successor, Walter de Lacy, in the reign of Rich. I., gave the burgesses a charter of incorporation, conferring privileges equal to those enjoyed by the citizens of Bristol. As the head of the palatine lordship of the Lacys, the town became a place of importance, and a strong castle was erected here as a baronial residence for that family, who also refounded the monastery. The defences of the castle were destroyed by the constable, Hugh Tyrrell, when Roderic O'Conor entered Meath during the absence of De Lacy, to prevent them from becoming serviceable to the enemy, but on his expulsion they were quickly restored. In 1203 the town was again destroyed by fire. The present castle was built in 1220, and soon afterwards, during the sanguinary feuds which then prevailed, it was attacked by William de Burgo, but was obstinately defended by the garrison, and the assailants repulsed. When the palatinate of Meath was divided between the coheiresses of Walter de Lacy, the town was still the capital of one-half, and in 1330 it was invested with jurisdiction over the other. In the reign of Edw. II., during Piers Gaveston's vice-regency, Richard, Earl of Ulster, held his court here with a degree of ostentatious parade highly alarming to the chief governor, to whom his collected followers appeared as a well-appointed and formidable retinue. Edward Bruce, in his retreat from Munster to the north of Ireland, halted for some days at Trim; and in 1393, Roger de Mortimer, Earl of March and Ulster, received a grant of tolls for the purpose of improving and fortifying the town, as the capital of all Meath. Rich. II., when last in Ireland, on receiving intelligence of the Earl of Hereford's landing in England, committed the young lords Gloucester and Henry of Lancaster, afterwards Hen. V., prisoners to the castle of this place; and in 1407 a parliament convoked at Dublin was adjourned hither, to deliberate on the best means of repressing the aggressions of Art Mac Murrough. On the accession of Hen. VI. a parliament was held here; and in the year 1425 the Earl of March and Ulster, then Lord-Lieutenant, died suddenly at this place, while preparing to repel the incursions of the native septs into his territories. In 1447, a parliament was held here in which various reformatory and sumptuary laws were enacted; and in 1459 a mint was established in the town. Richard, Duke of York, father of Edw. IV., while Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, resided for some time in this town, the palatine liberty of which was vested in him; and in the reign of Hen. VII. the townsmen favoured the imposition of Lambert Simnel, but were afterwards received into the king's favour. Parliaments were also held here in 1484, 1487, and 1491. During the parliamentary war the town again became a place of military importance. In 1642 it was in the hands of the confederate Roman Catholic forces, who were expelled; and in a subsequent skirmish to retain the place, Sir Chas. Coote, commander of the parliamentarian garrison, was killed by a ball supposed to have been from the musket of one of his own troopers. Soon after this, four royal commissioners sat in the town to meet the agents of the confederate Catholics, and receive their remonstrance and petition for the redress of grievances. After the massacre at Drogheda by Cromwell, in 1649, the town surrendered to that general, the garrison disregarding the instructions given by the Marquess of Ormonde to destroy the place rather than suffer it to fall into his hands.
The town is pleasantly situated on the river Boyne, over which is an old bridge, and is still a place of considerable importance: it contains about 570 houses, many of which are neatly built, and from the remains of its stately castle and religious establishments has an appearance of venerable antiquity. A handsome column of the Corinthian order was, in 1817, erected here in commemoration of the principal military achievements of the Duke of Wellington, who for some time was representative of the borough and resided at Fosterstown, in the immediate vicinity; above the capital is a statue of His Grace. There are barracks for infantry, adapted to the reception of 3 officers and 80 non-commissioned officers and privates. The environs are pleasingly diversified, and abound with much interesting scenery. The trade is inconsiderable, being chiefly for the supply of the immediate neighbourhood. There are in the town a small flour-mill, a brewery, and a tannery; and on the river Boyne, about a mile to the west, are very extensive mills, called New Haggard Mills, the property of Mr. Nangle, producing annually about 40,000 barrels of flour and oatmeal. The market is on Saturday, and the fairs on March 27th, May 8th, Wednesday after Trinity-Sunday, Oct. 1st, and Nov. 16th. An extension of the navigable communication between Drogheda and Navan to this town has been long contemplated, but has not yet been carried into effect.
The charter of incorporation granted to the burgesses by Walter de Lacy was confirmed and extended by Edw. III., and Rich. II. granted to the corporation certain tolls for 20 years for the fortification of the town, in which "all the fideles of the county of Meath congregated. Hen. IV. and VI. confirmed the original charter; and Elizabeth, in the 13th of her reign, reciting and confirming all previous grants, conferred the charter under which the town is now governed. By this charter the corporation consists of a portreeve and an indefinite number of burgesses and freemen, assisted by a recorder, town-clerk, two serjeants-at-mace and other officers. The portreeve, who is a justice of the peace within the borough, is annually chosen from the burgesses on the 29th of June; the burgesses are generally chosen from the freemen by the corporation at large; and the freemen are admitted either as of right, which is confined to the sons and sons-in-law of freemen, or by favour of the corporation. The charter conferred the elective franchise on the corporation, which first returned two members to the Irish parliament in the 2nd of Elizabeth, and continued to exercise the privilege till the Union, when the borough, which was then the property of the Wellesley family, was disfranchised. The borough court, which had jurisdiction to an unlimited amount, has almost fallen into disuse; no action has been tried in it since 1831, and the corporation exercises no exclusive jurisdiction either civil or criminal. Assizes for the county are held here; general sessions of the peace twice in the year here, and twice at Navan, and petty sessions on alternate Saturdays, before the county magistrates, with whom the portreeve also sits in cases arising within the borough. The court-house is a very neat and well-arranged building; and a new county gaol was erected here in 1834, at an expense of £26,000. It is on the radiating prinqiple, and consists of five ranges of building for the reception of the different classes, each of which is divided into three stories, containing on the lower a dining-hall and workroom, and in each of the upper 12 sleeping-rooms or cells: between the ranges are airing-yards for the respective classes, who are employed in stone-breaking and in various handicraft trades: in the centre is the governor's house, a circular building, in the upper story of which is a chapel communicating with the five wards by a bridge leading from each. The prison is capable of receiving 140 prisoners in separate cells; it has a treadmill with two wheels, hospitals for male and female patients, and a school in which adults attend for three hours every day. This town is the head-quarters of the constabulary police for the county, and the residence of the inspecting magistrate.
The parish comprises 12,650 3/4 statute acres, of which 11,880 are applotted under the tithe act: the land is principally in tillage and of good quality; there is only a small portion of bog; the system of agriculture has lately improved, and that portion of the parish which is under tillage affords abundant crops. The principal seats are Tullaghard, the residence of S. Winter, Esq.; New Haggard, of C. Nangle, Esq.; Roristown, of C. Drake, Esq.; Boyne Lodge, of A. O'Reilly, Esq.; Harcourt Lodge, of J. Lightburne, Esq.; Lodge Park, of J. S. D'Arcy, Esq.; Foxbrook, of J. D'Arcy Fox, Esq.; and Doolistown, of J. Fox, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, united by episcopal authority, in 1819, to the rectories of Newtown and Trubly, and to the curacies of Kilcooley, Tullaghanogue, and Scurlogstown, and in the patronage of the Bishop, to whom the rectory is appropriate: the tithes amount to £615, of which £430 is payable to the appropriator and £185 to the vicar. The glebe-house was built in 1754; the glebe, which was given to the vicar by a Cromwellian debenturer, comprises 187 acres, valued at £300 per annum, and the gross value of the benefice is £647. 19. 2. The church, with the exception of the tower, which is of great antiquity and partly covered with ivy, was rebuilt in 1803, at an expense of £738, raised by assessment and a gift, from the bishop; in 1827 a gallery was added, at an expense of £350, a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £100 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Trimlestown and Newtown-Clonbun or Trim; there are two chapels, one of which is at Bordsmill, a neat modern edifice. About 300 children are taught in two public schools, of which the parochial school is partly supported by the vicar: the school-house was built by Lord Mornington, at an expense of £1100. There are also seven private schools, in which are about 230 children; and a dispensary. The remains of the castle are extensive and form a conspicuous and highly interesting object: the keep is a massive pile strengthened by four lofty square towers, which rise to a considerable height above the other parts of the building; and there are several round towers and other outworks extending to the river Boyne, which flows along their base, the whole occupying an area of about four acres. The remains of the ancient abbey, in which was preserved an image of the Virgin, that was burnt at the Reformation, consist principally of part of the tower called the Yellow Steeple, one-half of which was destroyed by Cromwell, against whom it was garrisoned and defended for a considerable time. Here were formerly a convent of grey friars, dedicated to St. Bonaventure; a Dominican friary, founded in honour of the Blessed Virgin, in 1263, by Geoffrey de Geneville, Lord of Meath, in which general chapters of the order were frequently held; and a chantry in the parish church. At Newtown-Clonbun or Trim, about half a mile from the town, on the banks of the Boyne, are extensive remains of other religious foundations, the principal of which are those of a priory of Canons Regular of the order of St. Victor, founded by Simon de Rochfort, Bishop of Meath, about the year 1206; the prior was a lord of parliament, and there are still some remains of the fine old church. Adjoining the bridge are the remains of a square tower, from which a regular range of building extends along the water's edge to another tower, near which is the eastern gable of a small chapel with a fine window; and at a short distance is a neat circular turret: these are the remains of a house of Crouched friars, founded in the 13th century, to which the bishops of Meath were great benefactors. In the parish church of Newtown-Clonbun is the tomb of Sir Lucas Dillon, ancestor of the Earls of Roscommon, and an able jurist in the reign of Elizabeth.
TRIMLESTOWN, an ancient chapelry, in the parish of TRIM, in the barony of UPPER NAVAN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (W. N. W.) from Trim, on the road to Mullingar: the population is returned with the parish. Within the limits of this chapelry stands an imposing pile, in the style of architecture prevalent in the l6th century, with square windows, embattled parapets, and ornamented towers, formerly the seat of Lord Trimlestown, contiguous to which is a small chapel, the burial-place of the Barnewall family. It gives the title of Baron Trimlestown to that family.
TRISTELKERIN. -See LOGHAN.
TRISTLEDERMOT.--See CASTLEDERMOT.
TROREY, or ST. MICHAEL'S, TRORY, a parish, partly in the barony of LURG, but chiefly in that of MAGHERABOY, county of FERMANAGH, and province of ULSTER, 4 miles (N.) from Enniskillen, on Lough Erne; containing 2012 inhabitants. It comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 6068 3/4 statute acres, of which 1564 1/2 are in Lurg and the remainder in Magheraboy; 1832 acres are in Lower Lough Erne, 135 3/4 in the river Erne and small loughs, upwards of 100 are woodland, and 100 bog; the remainder is arable, and one-third of it was abbey land and is tithe-free. A bridge with an arch of 30 feet span crosses the river here; it was erected in 1817, at an expense of £1100. Adjoining it, on the river Ballycassidy, and on the banks of the lough, are the extensive flour-mills of John Halliday, Esq., employing 25 persons, and worked by water equal to a 35-horse power: small boats, of about 10 tons' burden each, ply up the lake to these mills. The parish was constituted, in 1778, by disuniting some townlands from the parish of Devenish: the living is a perpetual cure, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Prebendary of Devenish. The tithes amount to £116. 10. 3 1/2., payable to the perpetual curate. The glebe comprises 60 acres, valued at £90 per ann.: the glebe-house was built in 1820, at an expense of £461, being a gift of £415 and a loan of £46 from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a plain building, erected in 1778, at the cost of £300, defrayed by assessment on the parish. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists; also five schools, in which about 240 children are taught; and a Sunday school.
TRUBLY, or TUBBERVILLE, a parish, in the barony of LOWER DEECE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (E. by N.) from Trim, on the river Boyne; containing 92 inhabitants. This parish comprises 950 3/4 statute acres of land mostly under tillage, with some good pasture. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Trim; the tithes amount to £46. 3. 1. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Dunsany. Here are remains of an old castle, formerly belonging to the Cusacks, in which Oliver Cromwell is said to have slept after the taking of Drogheda; it is now the property of the Hon. Gen. Taylor.
TRYVETT, or TREVET, a parish, partly in the barony of RATOATH, but chiefly in that of SKREEN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. N. E.) from Dunshauglin, on the road from Navan to Ratoath; containing 418 inhabitants. This place was distinguished in the earliest ages of Christianity in Ireland by the foundation of a considerable monastery, the founder of which is unknown; though pillaged by the Danes in 917, destroyed by fire in 1145, and plundered by the men of Hy Briuin in 1152, it appears to have existed till the settlement of the English in Meath.
The ancient town was rebuilt soon afterwards by Hugh de Lacy, who placed here a colony of his English followers, and upon this occasion the monastery appears to have been superseded by the erection of a large church in honour of St. Patrick. The town continued to flourish for many years, and acquired considerable importance; it subsequently, however, fell into decay and is now only an obscure village. The parish comprises 5669 1/4 statute acres, chiefly pasture; the soil is of excellent quality, and the arable land, under an improving system of agriculture, produces good crops. Green Park is the residence of Cope Garnett, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, united by act of council, in 1678, to the rectory of Kilbrew, and in the patronage of the Crown; the tithes amount to £200. 5., and of the union to £379. 15. The glebe-house is situated about a mile from the church, having been built in 1815, at an expense of £794 British, of which £461 was a loan and £277 a gift, from the late Board of First Fruits, the residue being defrayed by the incumbent. The glebe, situated in the parish of Kilbrew, comprises 11a. 1r. 7p., subject to a rent of £31. The church also is in Kilbrew, and was rebuilt and enlarged about 80 years since. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Skreen.
TUAM, an incorporated market and post-town (formerly a parliamentary borough), a parish, and the seat of an archdiocese, partly in the barony of DUNMORE, but chiefly in that of CLARE, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 16 miles (N. W.) from Galway, and 98 3/4 (W. by N.) from Dublin, at the junction of the mail coach roads from Ballinasloe, Dunmore, and Hollymount, to Galway and Roscommon; containing 14,367 inhabitants, of which number, 6883 are in the town. This place, called anciently Tuaim-da-Gualand, owes its origin to the foundation of a religious establishment, about the beginning of the 6th century, by St. Jarlath, son of Loga, who for some time lived in seclusion in the small monastery of Cluainfois, which he had previously founded. The church of Tuam was soon afterwards made the cathedral of a diocese, of which St. Jarlath became the first bishop, and was called Teampul-Jarlath, in honour of its founder, to whom it was subsequently dedicated. St. Jarlath is supposed to have died in 540, and long after his death his bones were discovered and deposited in a silver shrine, which was placed in a church or chapel called Temple-ne-Scrin, or "the Church of the Shrine." Prior to the year 1150, Tirdelvac O'Conor, King of Ireland, founded a priory for Augustinian Canons, which he dedicated to St. John the Baptist; and in 1161 Roderic O'Conor, then King, erected a strong castle of stone here, which obtained the appellation of "the wonderful castle." The town was soon after destroyed by an accidental fire, but was soon restored, as in 1172 a great synod was convened here by Bishop Catholicus O'Dubhai, at which three churches were consecrated. An abbey for Premonstratensian canons was founded here either in the reign of John or early in that of Hen. III., by one of the family of de Burgo, and dedicated to the Holy Trinity. In 1244 the town, with all its churches, was destroyed by fire. In 1252, when Hen. III. confirmed to Florence Mac Flin the Pope's bull for annexing the bishoprick of Enaghdune to the see of Tuam, it was on condition that he should have a portion of land within the town for the erection of a castle, in exchange for other land of equal value. The same king by letters patent granted to the archbishop a fair on the 28th of December and the seven following days. In 1356, the place was plundered and burnt by Charles Oge, son of William de Burgo.
The town, which is situated in a flat and rather low but healthy tract of land, consists of several spacious and some smaller streets, containing 1197 houses, most of which are neatly built and several are large and of handsome appearance: it is amply supplied with water by a copious and limpid stream, which in its course turns several mills. The principal sources of recreation are a reading-room over the market-house, and a public billiard table; a newspaper is published here; races are held annually about the 1st of September on an excellent course about a mile from the town, called Gurrans Turlogh, which is in winter overflowed with water, forming a considerable lake; an unsuccessful attempt was made some years since to drain it. The grounds of the archbishop's palace are tastefully laid out, and the gardens are spacious and kept in excellent order: the mansion, though not possessing much architectural embellishment, is large and handsomely built; and around the demesne is a walk, a mile in length, thickly planted with trees and furnished with seats, affording a pleasant promenade to the people of the town. The house of the R. C. archbishop also adds much to the appearance of the town. The ancient market cross, of richly sculptured stone, was a great ornament: it was erected by Turlogh O'Conor, but has been suffered to fall into decay; part of the base is still to be seen in the old meat market, and two other parts in the churchyard, of which that part of the shaft forming the cross is erected at the head of the tomb of Dr. Singe, one of the Protestant archbishops. The trade of the town, which is at present next in importance to Galway, is very considerable: it is principally for the supply of the surrounding districts. A constant intercourse with Dublin is maintained, from which the shopkeepers obtain the various articles for their home trade. There are two good inns, at which the mails and other coaches stop. An extensive brewery, belonging to Mr. Blake, produces from 4000 to 5000 barrels of malt liquor annually; attached to it are a malting concern, making about 600 quarters of malt, and some flour-mills, carried on by the sons of that gentleman: there is also a tannery, and the manufacture of coarse linens is extensive. The markets, on Wednesday and Saturday, are abundantly supplied with provisions of all kinds, and with fish from Galway and Ballina; fairs are held on May 10th, July 4th, Oct. 20th, and Dec. 15th. The market-house is a neat building, nearly in the centre of the town.
The inhabitants received their first charter from Jas. I., who in the 11th of his reign incorporated them under the designation of "the Sovereign, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the Borough of Tuam." By this charter the corporation consists of a sovereign, twelve free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, assisted by a recorder, treasurer, town-clerk, two serjeants-at-mace, and other officers. The sovereign, who is judge of the borough court and clerk of the market, is chosen annually from the free burgesses by a majority of that body, on the festival of St. John, and is sworn into office on that of St. Michael; the free burgesses fill up vacancies as they occur, by a majority of their body, by whom also freemen are admitted, and the officers of the corporation appointed. The charter conferred upon the corporation the privilege of returning two members to the Irish parliament, which they continued to exercise till the Union, when the borough was disfranchised. The borough court of record had jurisdiction to the amount of five marks, but since 1826 few proceedings have issued from it, and within the last few years it has been altogether discontinued. The general sessions of the peace are held here twice in the year, and petty sessions every Wednesday; a chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town. The court-house is a neat and well-arranged building: annexed to it is a small bridewell, containing two day-rootns and airing-yards, and eight cells.
The SEE of TUAM, as before noticed, was founded in the early part of the 6th century by St. Jarlath, of whose successors, who for some years after his death were styled comorbans, bishops, or archbishops of Connaught, but little is recorded, with the exception of Muredach O' Dubhai, who in 1143 convened a great synod of 12 bishops and 500 priests at this place, to devise the best means of ransoming Rory O'Conor, son of Tirdelvac, King of Ireland, who had been taken prisoner by Tiernan O'Rourk. That prelate was succeeded, in 1500, by Edan O'Hoisin, who, at the synod held in 1152 by Cardinal Paparo, was invested with the pall, and the see of Tuam became one of the four archbishopricks of Ireland. The bishopricks of Mayo, Killala, Roscommon, Clonfert, Achonry, Cluan, and Duach were at that time made suffragan to it, to which was afterwards united the see of Mayo, and in 1252 that of Enaghdune, on petition of Florence Mac Flin to Hen. III.; it was, however, frequently held separately, but, after many contests, became finally part of the see of Tuam in 1421. Edward Singe, who became archbishop in 1716, obtained an act in the first meeting of parliament after his succession, by which the quarta pars of the dues of the officiating clergy was settled upon such rectors, vicars and curates within his see as should personally discharge their respective cures. Dr. Hort, who was translated to the archbishoprick in 1742, was permitted to retain the see of Ardagh, in the province of Armagh, which he held in commendam, in lieu of the see of Kilfenora, which had been previously held with Tuam, and his successors have ever since continued to hold it; the Archbishop of Tuam is, therefore, as Bishop of Ardagh, suffragan to the Lord-Primate of all Ireland. The Archbishoprick or Ecclesiastical Province of Tuam comprehends the six dioceses of Tuam, Elphin, Clonfert, Kilmacduagh, Killala, and Achonry, comprising an estimated superficies of 2,356,750 acres, and with the exception of the county of Leitrim and small portions of the counties of Sligo, Roscommon, and Galway, includes the whole of the civil province of Connaught, and a small part of King's county in the province of Leinster. Under the provisions of the Church Temporalities act, the sees of Tuam, Killala, and Achonry have been united; those of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh have also been united and are held with Killaloe, the diocese of Elphin being still held separately; consequently, two bishops only preside over the dioceses of the province, and are suffragan to the Archbishop of Tuam. Under the same act all archiepiscopal jurisdiction will cease on the next avoidance of the archbishoprick; Tuam, with the united diocese of Ardagh and Kilmore, in the province of Armagh, will be constituted one bishoprick, and with the other dioceses of the province of Tuam, become suffragan to the Archbishop of Armagh. The diocese of Tuam is the most extensive in Ireland: it is 77 miles in length and 63 in breadth, and comprises an estimated superficies of 1,135,650 acres, of which 675,250 are in the county of Galway, 424,700 in Mayo, and 35,700 in the county of Roscommon. The lands belonging to the archiepiscopal see, or the united dioceses of Tuam and Ardagh, comprise 86,800 3/4 statute acres, of which 39,531 1/2, are profitable land; and the gross annual revenue, on an average of three years ending Dec. 31st, 1831, is returned by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners as amounting to £8206. 13. 9. The chapter consists of a dean, a provost, an archdeacon, and the eight prebendaries of Kilmeen, Killabeggs, Teighsasson, Kilmoylan, Kilmainmore, Ballagh, Faldown, and Laccagh. There is one vicar choral, whose office is a corporation in itself, endowed with several plots of ground and houses in the town, with portions of the tithes of the parishes of Kilconly and Kilbannon, and with 56 acres of land, altogether producing £200. 17. per annum. The economy fund of the cathedral arises from several parcels of land in the parish, let on lease at a yearly rental of £76. 5. 8 1/2. The diocese comprises 34 benefices, of which 19 are unions of two or more parishes, and 15 are single parishes; of these, two are in the patronage of the Crown, one in that of the corporation of Galway, one in alternate patronage, and the remainder in the patronage of the archbishop or the incumbents. The total number of parishes is 90, of which 86 are rectories and the remainder perpetual curacies; there are 31 churches and 18 other buildings in which divine service is performed, and 21 glebe-houses. The cathedral, which is also the parochial church, appears to be only a portion of the original building: it has some remains of Norman character, and the arch at the entrance of the porch is of a kind of red gritty stone not found in any part of the county; it was repaired in 1688, and about 50 years since was considerably damaged by an accidental fire.
The R. C. archbishop's province comprises the diocese of Tuam, with the bishopricks of Clonfert, Achonry, Elphin, Kilmacduagh and Kilfenora, Killala, and Galway: the diocese of Kilfenora is alternately suffragan to the archbishopricks of Tuam and Cashel; and on the dissolution of the R. C. wardenship of Galway, in 1831, that portion of the diocese of Tuam was formed into a separate see, the remainder constituting the diocese of Tuam, which comprises 52 parochial unions, and contains 103 chapels served by 52 parish priests and 57 coadjutors or curates. The parochial benefices of Tuam and Kilmina, each served by an administrator and several curates, constitute the mensal of the archbishop.
The R. C. cathedral is a handsome cruciform structure of hewn stone, in the later English style, with a lofty western tower, and six square turrets at the angles and other parts of the building, each rising above the open parapets in an octangular form and terminating in eight octangular minarets richly crocketed; the walls are strengthened with panelled buttresses of several stages, terminating in richly crocketed pinnacles rising above the parapet, which is enriched with open tracery: the principal entrance is under the western tower through a richly moulded and gracefully pointed arch, and the entrances to the aisles are of similar design; the eastern end of the building is ornamented with a lofty oriel window of elegant design, and the whole has a very magnificent appearance. The interior is finely arranged; the ceiling is tastefully enriched with stucco and pannelled in compartments; the east window is embellished with scriptural subjects in stained glass, and the windows of the transepts and aisle are enriched with flowing tracery; the high altar of variegated marble, the tabernacle, and canopy, which were brought from Rome, are exquisitely wrought; the whole is one of the most beautiful ecclesiastical edifices in the country. Nearly £12000, raised by subscription, has been expended in its erection, and a considerable sum will be required for its completion.
The parish comprises 13,913 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land is generally of good quality and in a state of profitable cultivation. The principal seats are Birmingham, the property of the Earl of Louth, at present uninhabited; Gardenfield, the residence of J. Kirwan, Esq.; Queensfort, of S. Leonard, Esq.; Wilfort, of W. Lindsay, Esq.; Tullinadaly, of Jas. Kirwan, Esq.; Kilclooney, of J. T. Bodkin, Esq.; and Ballygaddy, of Mr. J. Daly. The living of Tuarn is a rectory and vicarage, the rectory partly appropriate to the provost and partly to the vicar choral, and partly united to parts of the rectories of Clonbern,; .Liskeevy, Addergoole, Belclare-Tuam, Templetogher, Crossboyne, and Dunmore, and to the rectory of Boyanagh, together constituting the corps of the deanery of Tuam, in the patronage of the Crown. The lands belonging to the deanery comprise 1629 statute acres, of which 67 are in the parish of Tuam; the whole are let at a rent of £127. 9. 1., with annual renewal fines amounting to £45. 12. 3 3/4.; the gross value of the deanery is £680. 15. 2 1/2. per annum. The vicarage, by act of council in 1789, was united to the vicarages of Belclare-Tuam, Kilbennan, Kilconla, Liskeevy, and Addergoole, and is in the patronage of the Archbishop. The tithes amount to £547. 7. 3., of which £195 is payable to the appropriators, and £379. 4. 7 1/2. to the vicar. The glebe-house was built in 1792, at an expense of £584, and in 1813 £784 British was expended in its improvement by the then incumbent. The glebe lands of the union comprise 39 acres, valued at £63 per ann.; and the gross value of the benefice, including tithe and glebe, amounts to £741. 16. 2 1/2. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church: the parishioners attend divine service at the cathedral. A college for the instruction of young men for the R. C. priesthood, and also for general education, was founded here by the late Dr. Kelly, archbishop of the diocese, in 1814: it is supported partly by contributions of £2 per ann. from each parish priest in the diocese, and by the payments of lay boarders; it is under the superintendence of three ecclesiastical and two lay professors, and has a very extensive library: the premises, being inadequate to accommodate the number of pupils, are about to be rebuilt. A Presentation convent was erected here under the will of the late W. Burke, Esq., who bequeathed his house and a large sum of money for that purpose: there are at present only five sisters in the establishment, which was opened in 1835; attached to the building is a spacious school-room, in which poor girls are taught by the ladies of the convent. About 570 children are taught in three public schools, of which a model school under the Diocesan Society is supported by the archbishop, who contributes £35 annually and gives a house rent-free and fuel; and there are 23 private schools, in which are about 770 children, and a dispensary. Of the seven churches formerly in this parish, the only one now remaining is the cathedral church of St. Mary; but vestiges of the other six may still be traced in various parts of the town; they were "the Church of the Shrine," of the abbey of the Holy Trinity, of St. John, St. Bridget, St. Jarlath, and the old parish church, the burial-ground of which is still a favourite place of interment for the R. C. parishioners. There are also some slight remains of the ancient castle, which consisted of a strong keep, with a large court-yard defended by lofty massive walls with towers at the angles and at the gateway entrance, and was surrounded by a deep fosse, into which the waters of the adjacent river were diverted.
TUBBER, a parish, in the barony of UPPERCROSS, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 1 mile (N.) from Dunlavan, on the road to Ballymore-Eustace; containing 104 inhabitants. The parish, which comprises only 900 acres, is situated at the point of junction of the counties of Kildare, Dublin, and Wicklow. It is a curacy, in the diocese of Dublin, annexed by act of council, in 1833, to the union of Dunlavan: the rectory is appropriate to the archbishop. The tithes amount to £88. 12. 3 3/4. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Dunlavan. There are slight remains of the old church, situated in a burial-place near an old mansion, the property of the Leslie family, now occupied by the police.
TUBBER, or TUBBER-ROE, a village, in the parish of KILCROAN, barony of HALF-BALLYMOE, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 miles (S. W.) from Ballymoe, near the road from Dunmore to Roscommon; containing 141 inhabitants. Here are the ruins of an ancient abbey.
TUBBERCURRY, or TOBERCORRY, a chapelry, in the parish of ACHONRY, barony of LENEY, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 8 1/4 miles (S. W.) from Ballymote, on the road from Boyle to Ballina; containing 650 inhabitants. The village, which comprises 90 houses, of which only 15 are slated, has a penny post to Ballymote, and a dispensary: it is a constabulary police station, and petty sessions are held in it every Thursday. There is a market on Monday; and fairs are held on Feb. 6th, March 25th, May 22nd, June 27th, Aug. 15th, Oct. 4th, and Nov. 29th. The chapel is a neat building with an octagonal tower, erected in 1830 by aid of a gift of £900 from the late Board of First Fruits: it is built of limestone (procured in a quarry in the parish) in the Gothic style, and stands on a commanding eminence. The curate is appointed by the Dean of Achonry, and has a stipend of £75 per annum.
TUBBERMORE, or TOBARMORE, a post-town, in the parish of KILCRONAGHAN, barony of LOUGHINSHOLIN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 18 miles (S.) from Coleraine, on the road to Armagh, and 98 (N. by W.) from Dublin; containing 679 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Moyola, and comprises 132 small thatched houses, in one wide irregular street. Fairs are held on Jan. 17th, Feb. 13th, March 28th, May 31st, July 5th, Aug. 12th, and Oct. 19th. Here are chapels for the Independents and Presbyterians. The ancient fountain, or Tober-mor, which gave name to the town, and is now dry, was once sufficiently powerful to supply a mill close by, now in ruins.
TUBBERS, or TUBBERINDOWNEY, a village, in the parish of BEAGH, barony of KILTARTAN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 miles (S. W.) from Gort, on the road to Ennis; containing 140 inhabitants. Two large fairs for horses and lambs are held here on July 12th and Sept. 20th.
TUBBERSCANAVIN, a village, in the parish of BALLYSADERE, barony of TIRAGHKILL, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 1 mile (S. E.) from Collooney, on the road from Boyle to Sligo; containing 48 houses and 233 inhabitants. Fairs are held on May 17th, June 30th, Sept. 19th, and Oct. 31st.
TUBBERVILLE.--See TRUBLY.
TUBBRIDBRITTAIN, or TUBBRIDBRETAIN, a parish, in the barony of CRANAGH, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (S. W.) from Freshford, on the road to Urlingford; containing 556 inhabitants, and comprising 3884 statute acres. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Aghoure, or Freshford; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Kilkenny. The tithes amount to £250, of which £166. 13. 4. is payable to the corporation, and £83. 6. 8. to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Urlingford, and contains a large chapel recently erected. The parochial school, in which about 80 children are taught, is aided by subscriptions; and there is a private school, in which are about 140 children. Here is an ancient castle, consisting of a square tower.
TUBRID, a parish, in the barony of IVERK, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 9 1/2 miles (S. by W.) from Knocktopher; containing 213 inhabitants, and comprising 980 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £525 per annum. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Fiddown; the tithes amount to £50. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Moncoin. A day school, in which about 100 children are taught, is aided by contributions from the parish priest; and a Sunday school is held in the R. C. chapel.
TUBRID, a parish, in the barony of IFFA and OFFA WEST, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (S. W.) from Cahir, on the road to Clogheen: containing 4550 inhabitants. Exclusive of mountain and bog, this parish comprises about 10,000 statute acres. Within its limits are a station of the constabulary police, and the following seats: Scart, the residence of H. Rice, Esq., and Carrigataha, of W. J. Fennel, Esq., pleasantly situated near the river Suir. The manor is the property of Lord Waterpark. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, episcopally united to those of Ballybacon and Whitechurch, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the rectory forms part of the corps of the deanery. The tithes amount to £955. 5. 3., of which £567. 8. 7. is payable to the dean and the remainder to the incumbent. A portion of the deanery lands, comprising 40 statute acres, is in this parish; the glebe comprises 27a. 3r. 3p., and there is a glebe in Ballybacon of 4a. 1r. 22p. The church is a modern edifice with a neat tower. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ballylooby, or Whitechurch. About 200 children are educated in the parochial schools, which are aided by an annual donation from Lord Waterpark; the school-house, with a residence for the master, was built at the expense of the late Lord Waterpark, who also gave an acre of land towards its support: there are also three private schools, in which are about 170 children. Some remains of Ruscoe Castle still exist, boldly situated on a rock; and there is a holy well, dedicated to St. Kearn, much venerated by the peasantry. The Irish historian, Dr. Geoffrey Keating, who was a native and priest of this parish, is buried in Tubrid churchyard; in front of an old ruined chapel, close to the church, is a Latin inscription, dated 1644, enjoining the reader to pray for the souls of Eugenius Duhy and Geoffrey Keating, its founders.
TULLA, or TULLOH, a market, and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of TULLA, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 10 miles (E.) from Ennis, and 109 3/4 (W. N. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Ennis to Killaloe; containing 7514 inhabitants, of which number, 874 are in the town. This place appears to have some claims to antiquity; there are numerous remains of ancient castles, formerly the residences of its landed proprietors. The town is pleasantly situated on a hill, and is surrounded with highly interesting scenery, enlivened with numerous elegant seats and pleasing villas. The principal trade is derived from its situation on a public thoroughfare, and is chiefly confined to the supply of the surrounding neighbourhood. The market is on Thursday; fairs, chiefly for the sale of cattle, are held on May 13th and Sept. 29th. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town; road sessions for the barony are held here, as are also petty sessions on alternate Thursdays, and a manorial court every month: there is a small bridewell for the district. The parish comprises 15,304 statute acres; there is a large tract of mountain, and a considerable portion of bog; the system of agriculture is rapidly improving; the only waste land is mountain, which, in consequence of the improved lines of road now in progress, and the abundance of limestone, will be speedily reclaimed and brought into cultivation. On the ploughland of Milltown is a lead mine, which was formerly worked but is at present discontinued; and among the grey limestone rocks is a vein of white calcareous spar, which has not yet been worked. The principal seats are Maryfort, the residence of G. O'Callaghan, Esq.; Kiltanon, of J. Moloney, Esq.; Newlawn, of H. Westropp, Esq.; Fort Anne, of J. Westropp, Esq.; Cragg, of J. Maloney, Esq.; Kilgoray, of D. O'Connell, Esq.; Stone Hall, of T. McMahon, Esq.; Knockane, of J. McMahon, Esq.; Newgrove, of T. Browne, Esq.; Tyredagh, of Mrs. Browne; and Deremore, of F. Gore, Esq.
The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe; one moiety of the rectory forms part of the union of Ogashin, and the other, with the vicarage, constitutes the corps of the prebend of Tulloh in the cathedral of Killaloe. The tithes amount to £380. 15. 5 1/4., of which £284. 9. 11. is payable to the prebendary of Tulloh, £92. 6. 1 3/4 to the incumbent of Ogashin, and £3. 19. 4 1/2. to the prebendary of Tomgraney. The glebe-house is a good residence near the church, and the glebe comprises 2 3/4 acres; the church, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £500, in 1812, is a neat edifice with a spire. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; it contains two chapels, one in the town and one at Drimcharley. There are five private schools, in which are about 340 children; and a dispensary. At Kiltanon is a succession of limestone caverns, through which a rivulet takes its course; these are much visited in summer: many petrified shells are found in the limestone, some of which are nearly perfect and very curious. On the hill of Tulla are the remains of an ancient abbey, and of a druidical altar.
TULLAFERNE, county of DONEGAL.--See TULLY.
TULLAGH, county of CARLOW.--See TULLOW.
TULLAGH, a parish, in the Eastern Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 1/4 miles (S. by W.) from Skibbereen, on the southern coast; containing 3422 inhabitants. This parish, which includes the island of Sherkin or Innisherkin, and the village and sea-port of Baltimore (both of which are separately described), is situated on the harbour of Baltimore, and comprises 5796 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3174 per annum. The surface is hilly and in some places rises to a considerable elevation; the principal eminence is Ballylinch, 649 feet above the level of the sea. The greater portion of the parish is rocky, in some places quite bare, but in others affording good pasture: about one-half of the land is under cultivation, and as it consists chiefly of small patches among the rocks, spade husbandry is necessarily adopted, and the manure is conveyed on horseback. Good freestone is found near the shores of the inner bay, and slate exists in several places. The principal seats are Baltimore Castle, the residence of Mrs. Freake; Lough-Hyne, of Jas. O'Brien, Esq.: Baltimore House, of Jno. Collins, Esq.; the Cottage, of Thos. Baldwin, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. J. R. Smyth. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ross, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £300. The glebe-house was built about 1818, when £100 was given and £825 lent by the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 10a. 1r. 3p. The church, towards the erection of which the late Board also granted a loan of £600 in 1818, is in the village of Baltimore. In the R. C. divisions the island of Innisherkin forms part of the union or district of Cape Clear, and the remainder of the parish, part of that of Skibbereen: there are two chapels, one in the island, the other at Rathmore; the latter, on the new road from Baltimore to Skibbereen, is a large plain building.
The parochial school at Baltimore, built in 1832 at the expense of Lord Carbery, is a large and handsome structure, comprising a centre and two wings, the former containing the master's apartments and the latter the male and female schools; in this, and in another school to which a sum of £4 per ann. is contributed by the Catholic inhabitants, for the education of the poor children, about 200 children are instructed. The extensive and picturesque ruins of Baltimore castle still remain, but of Ardagh castle, which stood on an eminence nearly in the centre of the parish, a small fragment only exists. The remains of the church are picturesquely situated on the shore of a small bay opposite the island of Ringa-Roga.
TULLAGHAN.--See ROSSINVER.
TULLAGHOBIGLEY, a parish, in the barony of KILMACRENAN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 7 miles (S. W.) from Dunfanaghy, on the north-west coast, and on the rivers Gwidore and Clady; containing 8464 inhabitants. For civil purposes it is divided into east and west; the former contains 5202, and the latter 3262, inhabitants. It is said to derive its name from Tully O'Bigley, who founded a monastery here, of which the remains exist. According to the Ordnance survey it comprises 68,608 statute acres, of which 785 are in Tory Island, 92 1/2 in the tideway of the Gwidore, and 1720 in small loughs; 19,811 are applotted under the tithe act. About one-fourth of the entire superficies is arable, and the remainder mountain and bog; agriculture is but little improved. Within the limits of the parish are the district of Cloghanheely and part of that of the Rosses; and the islands of Tory, (about two leagues to the north-east), Innisboffin, Island Dowey, or Innisduck, (comprising about 20 acres of arable and pasture and a quantity of mountain land), Innisbeg, Inisinney, and Innismanan, of which the two first are inhabited, and the rest only during the summer; also Bloody-Foreland-Point, in lat. 55°. 8'., and lon. 8°. 17'.; and the mountains of Errigal, 2462 feet, Carntreena 1396 feet, and Bloody-Foreland 1035 feet, above the level of the sea. In the Rosses, at a place called Rosapenna, so lately as 1784, the district was well cultivated, planted and improved, particularly around the mansion of Lord Boyne, whose demesne excited general admiration; but now the house, park, garden and even the tallest trees are covered with sand blown in from the Atlantic; even the chimneys are only visible at times, and, added to this, 1400 acres of land lie buried beneath the sand, which is every year increasing. On the townland of Tullaghobigley iron ore has been found in large lumps; and in the Errigal mountain, extensive lead mines, belonging to the Earl of Leitrim, have been successfuly worked, but are at present abandoned. Fairs are held at Gortahock on the first Tuesday, at the Cross Roads the last Thursday, and at Derrybeg on the last Monday in every month, but they are only indifferently attended. The gentlemen's seats are Cashel, the residence of R. Johnston, Esq.; and Dunloey, of Capt. Dambrene, where is a fine marble quarry. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £220, and the glebe comprises 40 acres, valued at £30 per annum. The roof of the church fell in in 1834, which having left it a ruin, divine service is now performed in the rector's house. In the R. C. arrangements the parish is divided into East and West Tullaghobigley, the former being united to the parish of Raymunterdoney: the chapel at Gortahork, in the eastern division, is a large slated building, erected about 50 years since; and at Cottern, in the western division, is a chapel, which has been built 87 years. The parochial school, in which are about 50 children, is aided by an annual donation from Col. Robertson's fund: there are also five private schools, in which are about, 80 children. At Maghragallan are the ruins of an old church and a burial-ground.
TULLAGHOG, a village, in the parish of DESERTCREIGHT, barony of DUNGANNON, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, 2 1/4 miles (S. E.) from Cookstown, on the road from Stewartstown to Coleraine; containing 137 inhabitants. This place, though now an insignificant village, was of regal importance at an early period: on the summit of a gentle eminence, a little westward from the village, is a large circular encampment, surrounded by deep fosses and earthworks, on which stood the princely residence of the ancient clan of O'Haedhagain, or O'Hagan; in this fortress the kings of Ulster were solemnly inaugurated into the style and authority of "The O'Nial." The Earl of Tyrone retired into this strong-hold when retreating before the victorious army of Elizabeth; and here, in 1602, the Lord-Deputy Mountjoy remained for some time, and broke in pieces the strong chair of stone in which the kings of Ulster had been crowned. On June 27th, 1603, Sir Garrett More had here the first audience with the Earl of Tyrone, the last prince of the O'Nial race; and two days afterwards Tyrone left this fortress, and on the 30th, at Mellifont abbey, submitted to the English government; on the same day he received a pardon, and was shortly afterwards restored to his earldom and possessions. All that remains of this regal city is the fortress before noticed: a great number of unhewn blocks of limestone lie scattered around, but the last vestige of the regal chair has been carried away, though there were pieces of it in the orchard belonging to the glebe-house so lately as 1776. The fortress is covered with brambles and full-grown forest trees: it forms part of the glebe of Desertcreight. The village comprises 29 houses, among which are handsome male and female schools, with residences for the master and mistress, built and supported by John Lindesay, Esq. Four fairs are held during the year. Close adjoining it is the site of the ancient priory of Donarisk, founded by one of the O'Hagans in 1294, of which nothing remains but the cemetery, the ancient burial-place of the clan of O'Hagan, and more recently of the family of Lindesay: a remarkable tomb is erected to the memory of "Robert Lyndsay, Chiefe Harbeger to y King James."
TULLAGHORE, TULLACHGOR, or TULLOGHGOR, a parish, in the barony of UPPER DUNLUCE, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, adjoining the town of Ballymoney: the population is returned with the parish of that name, into which Tullaghore has merged. It comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 432 1/2 statute acres. Here is said to have been formerly a religious house, over which St. Nehemias presided in the time of St. Patrick.
TULLAGHORTON, a parish, in the barony of IFFA and OFFA WEST, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, on the mail coach road from Clonmel to Cork, and on the river Tar; containing, with part of the post-town of Clogheen, 1965 inhabitants. This parish contains 2905 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, mostly under tillage. Here is abundance of limestone, used for manure and building; and peat is cut on the mountain, much of which is reclaimable. A silver mine was worked for a short time, about 40 years since, on the townland of Castle-Grace, but it was discontinued, though the ore was considered valuable. An extensive flour-mill, employing from 30 to 40 persons, the erection of which is supposed to have cost £6000, has lately been built at Castle-Grace by Sam. Grubb, Esq., of Clogheen. A manorial court is held in the parish by the seneschal of the Earl of Glengall, lord of the manor. Parson's Green was the residence of the late Rev. Dr. Tuckey; and Ballyboy is that of R. Croker, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore; the rectory forms the corps of the prebend of Lismore, with which the vicarage is held, and is in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £388. 9. 3.; the glebe, close to the site of the old church, comprises 3r. 6p., and is annexed to the vicarage. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ballylooby, or Whitechurch, and contains a chapel. There are two private schools, in which about 190 children arc taught. Here is a holy well, to which pilgrims resort once a year. The ruins of a castle, denominated Castle-Grace, consist at present of two towers on the east side, comprising an area of about 40 yards square; it was erected as a strong position to check the inroads of the Desmonds by Raymond le Gros, who came over with Strongbow, and received a grant of this property, with other possessions, from King John: it passed to the Butler family, and is now the property of the Earl of Glengall. At Ballyboy are slight remains, indicating that it was once of considerable strength, of another old castle formerly belonging to the Desmonds.
TULLAHOUGHT, a parish, in the barony of KELLS, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (N.) from Carrick-on-Suir, on the road to Kilmoganny; containing 1538 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the small river Lingam, which here separates the counties of Kilkenny and Tipperary, and the provinces of Leinster and Munster. It comprises 4364 statute acres; the substratum consists chiefly of a slaty argillite. Near Kilmacoliver is an extensive quarry of slate of superior quality, called the Ormond Quarry, in which about 150 persons are generally employed; the slates have an extensive sale in this and the adjoining counties, being considered nearly equal to the Welsh slates in colour and lightness; the quantity annually raised is considerable, and the works have been extended to a depth of 120 feet. Kilmacoliver is the residence of Danl. Osborne, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, entirely impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde, to whom the tithes, amounting to £181, are payable. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Killamery; the chapel, a modern structure, is at Kilmacoliver. About 100 children are educated in two private schools. At Lamogue are some remains of an ancient church.
TULLAMAIN, a parish, in the barony of SHILLELOGHER, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (N.) from Callan, on the road to Kilkenny; containing 435 inhabitants, and comprising 1147 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Callan: the tithes amount to £105. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Callan.
TULLAMAIN, a parish, in the barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (W.) from Fethard; containing 503 inhabitants. It comprises 2126 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land is in general good and mostly in pasture, and there is abundance of limestone. Tullamain House, pleasantly situated, is the residence of John Maher, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Redcity: the tithes amount to £140. About 120 children are educated in the national school at Rose-Green, and about 90 in two private schools. Some remains of the old church still exist; and there is a very extensive moat with several intrenchments, which, from its being planted with fine trees, forms a conspicuous object in the surrounding neighbourhood.
TULLAMORE, or KILBRIDE, a market, assize and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of BALLYCOWAN, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 20 miles (S. E. by E.) from Athlone, and 49 1/2 (W. by S.) from Dublin, on the road to Parsonstown, and on the line of the Grand Canal from Dublin to Shannon harbour; containing 7626 inhabitants, of which number 6342 are in the town. About the year 1790 this place was an insignificant village, consisting almost wholly of thatched cabins; but having been nearly destroyed by an accidental fire, occasioned by the mismanagement of a fire balloon, it was rebuilt by the Earl of Charleville, the proprietor, in an improved manner. Its central situation in a very fertile agricultural district, and the circumstance of its being for some time the terminus of the Grand Canal, before it was extended to Shannon harbour, caused it to increase very rapidly in wealth and population, insomuch that an act of parliament was passed in 1833 to transfer the place of holding the assizes and transacting the county business to it from Philipstown, which had been the assize town from the time of the formation of the county in the reign of Philip and Mary. The small river Clodagh, a branch of the Brosna, passes through it, and is crossed by a neat bridge. The town is the chief mart for the agricultural produce of a large extent of country, which in return draws from it the requisite supplies of foreign articles and manufactures: several stores have been erected on the banks of the Grand Canal, which passes close to the town, and affords a direct communication between this central depot and Dublin on one side and the west of Ireland on the other: the distance of Tullamore from Dublin by the canal is 57 miles. Various branches of industry are carried on here with considerable spirit: there is a large brick-manufactory in the town: a distillery produces from forty to fifty thousand gallons of whiskey annually; there is also a brewery. The market, which is held on Tuesday and Saturday, is well supplied with provisions; a neat market-house has been built by Lord Charleville: fairs are held on May 10th, July 10th, and Oct. 21st. The assizes for the county and the general sessions of the peace are held here, as also are petty sessions every Saturday. The new county court-house is a fine building in the Grecian style, containing all the requisite accommodations for the public business: the county gaol, erected in 1831, is a castellated building on the radiating principle. The town is a chief constabulary police station, and has a barrack capable of accommodating 3 officers and 85 non-commissioned officers and privates.
The parish originally formed part of the lands of the abbey of Durrow, on the dissolution of which they were divided into the two parishes of Dermagh, or Durrow, and Kilbride, which constituted a union until separated by an order of council. It contains 6262 1/4 statute acres, the greater portion of which consists of town-parks of highly cultivated land of good quality; the remainder is of an inferior description, and includes some boggy ground: it contains quarries of excellent limestone for building. The demesne of Charleville forest, the seat of the Earl of Charleville, extends to the town: it is remarkable for the judicious advantage taken of its great natural beauties. The mansion is a spacious modem structure, erected in the style of an English baronial castle from designs by Mr. Fras. Johnston: the demesne contains about 1500 statute acres richly wooded, and comprises two artificial lakes, the larger of which is studded with islands. The Clodagh passes through it along a deep glen, forming several fine cascades overhung with trees; the largest of the cascades is seen to most advantage from an artificial grotto formed for the purpose of giving employment during a season of scarcity. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, partly impropriate in the Earl of Norbury, and partly, with cure of souls, in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £278. 1. 4., one-half of which is payable to the impropriator and the other to the incumbent. The glebe-house, which is near the church, was built by means of a gift of £323 and a loan of £415 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1815: the glebe comprises 4 1/2 acres, valued at £9. The church, situated about half a mile from the town, on the Portarlington road, was erected in 1818, in the Gothic style, after a design by Mr. Johnston, at an expense of £8030 British, of which £738 was a gift and £2769 a loan from the Board of First Fruits, and the residue, amounting to £4523, was a donation from Lord Charleville: the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £700 towards its repairs. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also that of Durrow: each parish has a chapel; that in Tullamore is a large building, to which several additions have been made in various styles of architecture. There are places of worship for Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, and a meeting-house belonging to the Society of Friends. A male and female school is supported by the Earl and Countess of Charleville, another school is in connection with the Board of National Education, and a third under the London Irish Baptist Society; in all these 578 boys and 482 girls receive instruction; and in 15 private schools there are about 360 pupils. The county infirmary is in the town. The remains of a castle, built in 1626 by Sir Jasper Herbert, on the abbey lands demised to him by Queen Elizabeth for a term of years, and afterwards granted to him in fee by Jas. I., are still in existence; as also those of three small square castles built by some of his tenants at Ballestillenury, Aharne and Aughinanagh: the ruins of the first-named shew it to have been a building of some extent and grandeur, and an inscription over the entrance records the date and circumstances of its erection. Shrahikerne castle was built, as appears from an inscription on its ruins, in 1588 by John Briscoe, an officer in Queen Elizabeth's army: its name signifies "Kearney of the Shragh," the remains of whose family house, previously to the building of the castle, are also still to be seen. There are several sulphuro-chalybeate springs in the vicinity. Tullamore gives the subordinate title of Baron to the Earl of Charleville.
TULLANISKEN, a parish, in the barony of DUNGANNON, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, on the road from Dungannon to Stewartstown, and on the Tyrone canal; containing, with the post-town of Coal-Island (which see), 4102 inhabitants. This parish comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 446l 1/4 statute acres, of which 26 are under water; the surface is remarkably undulating and the soil various; that part which is under tillage is generally productive of good corn crops and flax. At Derryvale, Torren Hill, and New Mills, are large greens for bleaching linen cloth, where about 20,000 pieces are annually finished, chiefly for the English markets. At Coal Island, Oghran, and New Mills, are also extensive iron-works, forges, and plating-mills, for the manufacture of spades, shovels, edge-tools, &c. At Coal Island also is a very large establishment for the manufacture of fire-bricks, pots for glass-houses, and crucibles, which was established in 1834 by two English gentlemen from Stourbridge: the greater part of the goods manufactured here, are for London, Liverpool and other principal manufacturing towns in Lancashire. Here are also extensive coal-works, earthenware manufactories, and many other trades dependent on the above, all in full operation and productive of great benefit to this part of the country. The surrounding scenery is interesting and the land is well planted. Among the principal seats are Lisdhue, the residence of the Hon. A. G. Steuart; Bloomhill, of Jas. Scott, Esq.; Drumreagh, of W. Lowry, Esq.; Torren Hill, of J. S. Murray, Esq.; Beech Grove, of J. Pike, Esq.; Derryvale, of J. Davis, Esq.; and Tullanisken glebe, of the Rev. Robert Kingsmore.
The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Lord-Primate; the tithes amount to £200. The glebe-house was built about 1791, at a cost of £813 British, of which £100 was a gift from the late Board of First Fruits. The old church was destroyed in the war of 1641; and in the 15th of Chas. II. this parish was united to that of Drumglass, and Tullanisken church remained in ruins until 1792, when Primate Robinson dissolved the union and erected the present church at New Mills, near the ancient one; it is in the later English style, with an embattled square tower, and was built at a cost of £553 British, of which £461 was a gift from the before-mentioned Board, £35 was raised by parochial assessment, and the residue by private subscription: in 1823 a gallery was added at an expense of £73, of which £40 was subscribed by individuals, the residue being raised by parochial assessment. In the R. C. divisions the parish is one of three forming the union or district of Drumglass, and has one small chapel. The parochial schools, at New Mills, near the church, are aided by the rector; the school-house was built in 1821, with a residence for the master, and is endowed with an acre of land from the glebe. A school at Creenagh is aided by an annual donation from Lord Castlesteuart: in these schools are about 180 children. There are also a school at Edendork and a private school. Near Lake Farlough is an ancient mansion named after it, distinguished as occupying the site of Tyrone's favourite camp; and a little westward from Tullanisken church, on the northern bank of the Torren, is a large and well-fortified encampment thrown up by Turlogh O'Nial. In the churchyard is a venerable ash tree, measuring 29 feet in circumference; and near Drumrea is a valuable sulphureous spring, much resorted to and highly beneficial in scorbutic cases. Ducart, the celebrated engineer, resided for some years in this parish, and under his direction the aqueducts, bridges, &c., were constructed, by the Board of Inland Navigation.
TULLAROAN, a parish, in the barony of CRANAGH, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 7 miles (N. W.) from Kilkenny; containing 3650 inhabitants, of which number 182 are in the village. Tullaroan formed part of the extensive territories of Raymond le Gros, Earl Strongbow's companion in arms. He fixed his principal residence at Courtstown, in this parish, whence the head of the family was in after times sometimes styled Baron of Tullaroan or of Courtstown, and the surrounding lands were often distinguished by the name of Grace's parish. Its eastern boundary lies within four miles of the city of Kilkenny, joining the liberties; its western is the small river Munster, which borders it for three miles, forming the line of demarcation between Kilkenny and Tipperary: its extent is about six miles from east to west and five from north to south. Three-fourths of the parish consist of hills of considerable height, enclosing a fertile and spacious vale of pasture and meadow ground, opening southwards to a rich and well-planted range of country. The hills are capable of cultivation to their summits, and the vale consists of a fine aluminous soil irrigated by a number of streams, the principal of which, rising in the northern part, after passing through it, falls into the King's river at Callan: this stream is remarkable for the number and quality of its trout, while in the neighbouring stream of the Munster, that fish is scarcely ever taken. The soil of the hills consists of argillaceous clay and peat, easily reclaimable by a judicious application of lime and marl. Though more subject to rain than the more level districts, it is far from being wet or boggy, and is peculiarly healthy, having been less affected by the ravages of typhus fever during the visitations of that disease than any other part of the county. Many parts of the valley were once thickly planted; but the land has been completely cleared since the Revolution; and as no pains were then taken to preserve a sufficient quantity, nor have been since to repair the loss by new plantations, the landscape presents a bare and denuded appearance. The hills form part of a chain extending south-westwards into Tipperary, where they form a portion of the coal districts. Indications of this valuable mineral are perceptible in many parts of the parish, but the attempts to explore the veins have not been undertaken in that spirit of scientific perseverance that would enable the speculators to form a well-grounded estimate of the probable results of an outlay of capital. As far as the superficial workings have afforded means of determining the quality of the veins, these appear to enlarge as they descend, dipping into the mountain at an angle of about 23 degrees; and therefore incapable of being worked with a prospect of success without a large expenditure for machinery and skilful workmanship. The crops mostly cultivated are oats and potatoes, the soil not being found to be well adapted for wheat; but most of the land is under meadow or pasture, chiefly for dairy farms, there being very few landholders who do not send considerable quantities of butter to market. The village is a constabulary police station, and has a fair on the 28th of August. The roads in some parts are formed of a kind of black slate, which in wet weather is very soft: this defect could easily be remedied, as abundance of good gravel is to be had from the beds of the streams.
It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Callan: the tithes amount to £513. 4. 4. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Freshford: the chapel is on the townland of Brith. There are six private schools, in which about 280 children receive instruction. There is scarcely a townland in which some vestige of remote antiquity cannot be traced. One of the most perfect raths is at Courtstown: it is composed of a large moated enclosure encompassing a smaller: on the. same townland are two others of inferior dimensions: others of very large size are on the lands of Rathely-Grace, and near the site of the old parish church. The ruins of Courtstown castle, which for many years presented striking remains indicative of its former extent and importance, are now reduced to little more than an outline of the foundations: in digging among these many curious relics of former ages have been discovered. About, half a mile eastward of the castle are the ruins of Tullaroan church and Grace's chapel, both founded by members of the Grace family; the former are of small extent and present little to attract attention; the latter, which is an offset from the church, is entered by a curiously decorated ogee gateway. The remains of a small structure, supposed to be a friary, are near the church; and at the rath of Rathely-Grace are some remains of the eastern window of an old church and of its side walls, which are pierced with loopholes instead of windows. In the village are two ornamented stone crosses in a perfect state; a third, now mutilated, is on the roadside near Bonnetstown. The water in some of the land drains is deeply coloured with an ochreous matter, affording strong indications of the existence of iron.
TULLILEASE, a parish, partly in the barony of ORRERY and KILMORE, but chiefly in that of DUHALLOW, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 7 miles (W. S. W.) from Charleville, on the new road from Newcastle to Kanturk; containing 2155 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Allua, which flows into the Blackwater below Kanturk, and it comprises 8241 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4670 per annum. The state of agriculture is rapidly improving, in consequence of the construction of new roads in this district, of which that between Newcastle and Kanturk intersects the parish from the borders of the county of Limerick to John's Bridge. Some veins of culm have been discovered, but not yet worked; at Ballinaguila is a quarry of fine flagstones; and there are some quarries of good brownstone within the limits of the parish. On the river Allua is a small oatmeal mill. Fairs are held at Tullilease on March 1st, April 29th, June 29th, and Oct. 24th, for cattle and pigs. The seats are Tullilease House, the residence of J. J. Sullivan, Esq.; and Bellagh, of Edw. Allen, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of A. Ankittle, Esq. The tithes, amounting to £340, are payable in equal portions to the impropriators and the vicar. There is no church, but divine service is regularly performed on Sundays at Tullilease House. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Freemount; divine service is performed in a private house until a chapel can be built. About 50 children are educated in a private school. Of the ancient priory, which, according to Ware, was founded here by Matthew Mac Griffin for Canons Regular of the rule of St. Augustine, and which was afterwards united to Kells in Ossory, the ruins of the church still exist, and contain a stone effigy, supposed to be that of St. Barnabas, the patron saint: the burial-ground is still used.
TULLOGHALLEN.--See TULLYALLEN.
TULLOGHER, a village, in the parish of DYSERTMORE, barony of IDA, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S.) from Inistioge; containing 34 houses and 170 inhabitants.
TULLOGHMEELAN, or TULLAMELLON, a parish, in the barony of IFFA and OFFA WEST, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S. W. by W.) from Clonmel, on the mail road to Cork; containing 1100 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Suir, and comprises 1660 acres, as applotted under the tithe act, chiefly under an improved system of tillage. Knocklofty, the seat of the Earl of Donoughmore, is situated in a finely wooded and extensive demesne, which, with the deer-park, comprises about 320 acres; the demesne, which is bounded on the south by the river, exhibits some delightful scenery, and commands extensive and interesting views. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, united to that of Newcastle, and together constituting the corps of the treasurership, in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £207. 2. 3. The lands belonging to the treasurership comprise 96 1/4 statute acres, of which 72, called Ballynalegan, adjoin the town of Lismore, on the river Black-water; the remaining 24 1/4 acres constitute the glebe of Newcastle, and the whole is let on lease at £47. 10. per annum, and an annual renewal fine of £27: the gross value of the dignity, tithe and land inclusive, amounts to £436. 0. 9. per annum. The glebe-house was built in 1817, when the late Board of First Fruits gave £100 and lent £750 towards its erection. The church, a neat and commodious edifice with a tower, was erected about 46 years since. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ardfinnan, and contains a chapel. In the parochial school, which is chiefly supported by the Earl of Donoughmore, who also built the school-house, about 80 children are educated. John, second Earl of Donoughmore, is interred in the family vault at Tulloghmeelan; he succeeded Sir Ralph Abercromby in the command of the army in Egypt, where he much distinguished himself, and was raised to the peerage in 1801 as Baron Hutchinson of Alexandria and Knocklofty: his lordship died in 1832. There are some ancient Danish forts within the limits of the parish.
TULLOHANBROGE, or GROVE, a parish, in the barony of SHILLELOGHER, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/2 miles (W. S. W.) from Kilkenny, on the road to Callan; containing 620 inhabitants, and comprising 3616 statute acres. Within its limits is Ballykeefe Hill, the property of the Earl of Desart, which has been lately planted to the extent of 90 acres, and forms a conspicuous and interesting feature. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, forming part of the union of Inchiolaghan and of the corps of the chancellorship: the tithes amount to £232. 10. In the R. C. divisions it is in the union or district of St. Patrick's. Some remains of the old church of Kyleballykeefe still exist; and at Ballykeefe are the ruins of the castle of that name.
TULLOW, or TULLOWPHELIM, a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of RATHVILLY, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 7 1/4 miles (E. S. E.) from Carlow, and 46 1/2 (S. S. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Carlow to Newtownbarry; containing 2587 inhabitants, of which number, 1929 are in the town. This place, which is situated on the river Slaney, over which is a bridge of five arches, built, according to an inscription on it, in the year 1767, is supposed to have been originally an appendage to a castle erected here by some of the first English settlers under the directions of Hugh de Lacy, and to a monastery founded here in 1315 for Augustinian friars by Simon Lumbard and Hugh Tallon, whose grant was confirmed, in 1331, by Edw. III. At the dissolution its temporalities were granted to the Earl of Ormonde. The castle was defended by Col. Butler in 1650 against the parliamentarian army, but after a stubborn resistance it was taken by Cols. Hewson and Reynolds. There are no vestiges of it now in existence, and the only relic of the abbey is a mutilated stone cross in a burial-ground on the south side of the river. It is said that the building was taken down in the reign of Queen Anne, to supply materials for the erection of a barrack on a site now occupied by the court-house. The town comprises two main streets and a few lanes, in which are 305 houses, mostly of inferior description: its outlets extend into the two adjoining parishes of Ardristan and Killerig. It obtained a patent for holding a market on Saturday and again for another on Tuesday: the market is now held on Saturday, and is the best corn market in the county. Fairs are held on April 21st, July 10th, Oct. 29th, and Nov. 21st. The extensive flour-mill of Messrs. Doyle and Pim grinds about 10,000 barrels of wheat annually: there are also in the town two breweries belonging to Mr. Carter and Mr. Roche. General sessions of the peace are held in the town in January, April, June, and October; petty sessions are also held here: the business of both is transacted in a small court-house. The town is a chief constabulary police station.
The parish contains 5837 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: about one-half of it is meadow and pasture, and the remainder under tillage, with the exception of a small portion of wood. Two of its townlands are locally situated in the adjoining county of Wicklow, The Derreen river flows along its south-eastern and southern boundaries, and at its southern extremity joins the Slaney near the church of Aghade. The principal seats are Newstown, the residence of R. Eustace, Esq.; Rathglass, of Pilsworth Whelan, Esq.;-----, of R. Doyne, Esq.; Castlemore, the seat of the Eustace family; Rathrush, a seat of Viscount Frankfort de Montmorency: and Ballynunnery, of -- Swift, Esq.; the residence of W. Carter, Esq., is in the town. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Leighlin, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Ormonde: the tithes amount to £600. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe near the church; the latter is a new building, erected in 1831 in the Gothic style. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Tullow and Tankardstown, and part of those of Ardristan, Pubbledrum, and Urglin. In the union there are three chapels; that of Tullow is a spacious building with three galleries, to which has been lately added a very fine tower and spire. There is a monastery in the town, the friars of which, ten in number, superintend a classical school, and also a national school, to which the Board of National Education allows £20 per annum for an additional master. The ladies of a convent superintend two schools, one for the daughters of the gentry, the other a free school for the education of the poorer classes; the latter of these also receives aid from the National Board. A number of orphan children are sent from Dublin to the monastery and convent schools for instruction. There is in the town a school for boys and girls, supported by subscriptions, and an infants' school, maintained by Chas. Doyne, Esq. There are also two private schools, in which are about 60 boys and 20 girls. Some distance south of the town are the ruins of Castle Grace, erected by one of the ancient family of Grace, descended from Raymond le Gros. The title of Viscount Tullowphelim was enjoyed successively by two branches of the Butler family, both of which have been many years extinct.
TULLOW, county of DUBLIN.--See TULLY.
TULLOWCRINE, a parish, in the barony of IDRONE WEST, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 5 1/4 miles (S. W.) from Carlow, on the road from Leighlin-bridge to Castlecomer, and on the river Barrow; containing 1348 inhabitants. It is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Leighlin, forming part of the union of Old Leighlin: the rectory is appropriate to the Dean and Chapter. The tithes amount to £300. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Leighlin-bridge.
TULLOWHERIN, a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/4 miles (S. S. W.) from Gowran, on the road to Thomastown; containing 895 inhabitants, and comprising 5122 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, the rectory being the corps of the precentorship, and the vicarage forming part of the union of Kilfane and corps of the archdeaconry, both in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £460, of which £210 is payable to the rector and £250 to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Thomas-town, and contains a chapel. Here is one of the ancient round towers, which at three feet from the ground is about 50 feet in circumference, and has an entrance at the height of about 12 feet; the upper part, near the summit, appears to have been lighted by eight windows, of which four still remain: it is built of silicious breccia, but the contiguous church, which is also an ancient edifice, and in ruins, is constructed of limestone.
TULLOWMAGRINAGH, or THUMAGURNA, a parish, in the barony and county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S. E. by S.) from Carlow, on the road from Leighlin-bridge to Tullow; containing 1109 inhabitants. It comprises 5913 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, chiefly under an improved system of tillage. The seats are Castletown, the residence of -- Faulkner, Esq.; Racroge, of W. Elliott, Esq.; and Kilballyhue, of -- Nolan, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Leighlin, forming the corps of the prebend of Tullowmagrinagh, in the cathedral of Leighlin, and part of the union of Ballinacarrig or Staplestown: the tithes amount to £320. 15. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, also called Tinriland, comprising also the parishes of Ballinacarrig, Ballycrogue, and Benekerry, and containing the chapels of Tinriland and Benekerry, the former of which is in this parish. At Tinriland is a national school, in which about 340 children are educated. Mr. Haughton, a translator of some of Fenelon's works, lived in the parish.
TULLOWMOY, a parish, partly in the barony of BALLYADAMS, and partly in that of STRADBALLY, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S. by E.) from Stradbally, on the road to Castlecomer; containing 1527 inhabitants, and comprising 5913 statute acres as applotted under the tithe act. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Leighlin, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £300. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Ballyadams, and has a neat chapel. About 30 children are educated in a national school.
TULLY, or TULLAFERNE, a parish, in the barony of KILMACRENAN, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER; containing, with part of the post-town of Ramelton, 6096 inhabitants. It is situated on a branch of Lough Swilly, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 16,612 statute acres, of which 383 are water, and 14,908 are applotted under the tithe act and valued at £4585 per annum. There is a considerable portion of bog, also part of a lake, upwards of a mile in length, called Lough Feme: about 100 acres of land have been lately reclaimed from the sea at Mulroy bay; this bay admits the approach of vessels to within half a mile of the village of Milford. Several of the inhabitants are employed in linen-weaving at their own houses. The gentlemen's seats are Glenalla, the residence of the Rev. G. V. Hart; Clara, of Jas. Watt, Esq.; and Ballyare, of John Cochrane, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Raphoe, and is a rectory, forming part of the union of Aughnish, or Tullyaughnish: the tithes amount to £590. 12. 8.; and there is a glebe, comprising 512 Cunningham acres, valued at £256 per annum. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Killygarvan, by which name the district is also called: each parish contains a chapel. There are two meeting-houses for Covenanters and one for Presbyterians. At Milford is a school on the foundation of Erasmus Smith, in which, and in two other public schools, about 260 children are educated; and about 290 children are taught in six private schools; there are also five Sunday schools.
TULLY, or TULLOW, also called BULLOCK, a parish, in the barony of HALF-RATHDOWN, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER; containing with the villages of Cabinteely and Carrickmines (each separately described), 1385 inhabitants. The former, which is the principal village, is situated 6 1/4 miles (S. S. E.) from Dublin, on the road to Bray. At the village of Golden-Ball, the eastern side of which is in this parish, is a twopenny post-office. The parish comprises 2845 statute acres, chiefly in a high state of cultivation, and embellished with numerous seats and well-planted demesnes. Granite and firestone are procured at Murphystown. Near Rockville is a deep and romantic glen or dingle. The principal seats are Leopardstown, the handsome residence of Fenton Hort, Esq., situated in a demesne of about 200 acres, the pleasure grounds of which are tastefully laid out, and command magnificent views of the. bay of Dublin, Killiney hills, Bray Head and Wicklow and Dublin mountains; Brenanstown House, the handsome and substantial mansion of Geo. Pim, Esq., also situated in a fine demesne; Cherryfield, the residence of the Rev. J. Hunt; Rocklands, of J. H. Dunne, Esq.; Rockville, of C. W. Roche, Esq., commanding a fine view of the bay of Killiney; Glanamuck, of Jos. Strong, Esq.; Priorsland, of the Rev. L. H. Bolton; Kingstown House, of the Rev. M. Mc Namara; North Lodge, of John Gilbert, Esq.: Carrickmines Castle, of Robt. Taylor, Esq., in the grounds of which are the remains of the ancient castle of that name; Bellmont, of Thos. Smith, Esq., M. D., commanding a magnificent mountain view; and Glen Druid, of Mrs. Barrington, which derives its name from a very perfect cromlech or druidical altar situated in a picturesque and richly wooded glen watered by a mountain stream; from the summit of a lofty tower, erected by the late Mr. Barrington, is obtained a splendid view of the sea, with the hills of Howth and Killiney, Bray Head, the Sugar Loaves, Djouce, and the Three Rock and Shankill mountains, and the beautiful country in the foreground. It is a rectory and curacy, in the diocese of Dublin; the rectory forms part of the corps of the deanery of Christ-Church, and the curacy part of the union of Monkstown: the tithes amount to £291. 18., two-thirds of which are payable to the dean, and the remainder to the curate. In the R. C. divisions it is chiefly in the union or district of Kingstown, and has a chapel at Cabinteely. At Clonkeen is a school aided by subscription, in which about 70 children are educated, and about 40 are taught in a private school at Cabinteely. According to Ledwich, the church of Tully was founded by the Ostmen and dedicated to their favourite saint, Olave; its ruins, situated on an eminence, still form a picturesque object, and its circular arches bear evidence of its remote antiquity. Near the church are the remains of some ancient crosses with traces of rudely sculptured figures. The cromlech at Glen Druid consists of a large table stone, 14 feet long and 12 broad, supported by six upright stones: the former is supposed to weigh about 25 tons. At Murphystown are the remains of an ancient castle.
TULLY, or COGHLANSTOWN, a parish, partly in the barony of KILCULLEN, but chiefly in that of EAST OPHALY, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (S.) from Kildare, on the road to Castle-Dermot; containing 1065 inhabitants. It comprises about 1600 statute acres, as rated for the county cess, and nearly 4800 acres of bog, adjoining the Curragh of Kildare. A fair is held on Dec. 21st, and there is a grist-mill within the limits of the parish. Tully House is the residence of Wm. Dunne, Esq. A commandery of Knights Hospitallers existed here from an early period, and was richly endowed; several chapters of the order were held here, and it continued to flourish until the Reformation. It is now held with the bishoprick of Kildare, as part of the corps thereof: the possessions consist of upwards of 20 townships or places yielding tithes to the bishop, in some cases the whole, and in others two-thirds: the tithes amount to £323. 17. 3. Under the provisions of the Church Temporalities act the proceeds of this parish will, on the next avoidance of the bishop-rick, become vested in the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Kildare and Rathangan. Some remains of the ancient religious house and its chapel still exist. General Sarsfield, who served under Jas. II., lived in this parish. On taking down the house, several spoons and curious bottles were found.
TULLYALLEN, or TULLOUGHALLEN, a parish, chiefly in the barony of FERRARD, county of LOUTH, but partly in that of UPPER SLANE, county of MEATH, and in the province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (N. W.) from Drogheda, on the road to Ardee: the village contains 181 inhabitants; the population of the remainder of the parish is returned with Mellifont. The parish is situated on the river Boyne, by which it is bounded on the south and separated from the county of Drogheda; it comprises about 11,000 statute acres, of which, according to the Ordnance survey, 7344 are in the county of Louth, including a detached portion of 953 acres called Newtown-Stalaba, and 84 in the tideway of the Boyne. The land is wholly under tillage, the soil fertile, and the system of agriculture improved. The scenery on the banks of the Boyne is pleasingly varied. On a rock rising abruptly from the river, about two miles from Drogheda, is a stately obelisk of stone, commemorating the battle of the Boyne by inscriptions on the faces of the pedestal: it was erected by subscription in the reign of Geo. II., and the first stone was laid by Lionel, Duke of Dorset, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, in 1736. The principal seats are Townley Hall, the residence of B. Balfour, Esq., a handsome mansion of hewn stone, situated in a highly improved demesne of 500 acres, and containing a choice collection of paintings; Beaulieu, the earliest seat of the Plunkett family, who have been in possession of it at least since the period of the English invasion; Newtown, of F. Donagh, Esq.; and Green Hills, of St. George Smith, Esq. The village contains about 40 houses; the weaving of coarse linen is carried on for the Drogheda market, and a constabulary police force is stationed there. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the diocese of Armagh, comprising the parishes of Mellifont and Tullyallen, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Drogheda, in whom the rectory is impropriate: the stipend of the curate is £92. 6. 1 3/4., of which £36. 18. 5 1/2. is paid by the impropriator, and £55. 7. 8 1/4. by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners from Primate Boulter's augmentation fund. The glebe-house, towards which the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of £450 and a loan of £50, was built in 1816; the glebe comprises 10 acres, valued at £8. 6. 8. per annum. The church, towards the erection of which the same Board contributed a gift of £800, in 1817, is a neat edifice and has been recently repaired at an expense of £217, granted by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Mellifont; there are two chapels, one in the village, and one at Newtown-Drogheda. About 300 children are taught in four public schools, of which one at Townley Hall is maintained by Mr. Balfour and another by the Misses Balfour. Near the obelisk is a picturesque valley called King William's Glen, in which that monarch encamped his forces, previously to his crossing the river and obtaining the victory of the Boyne.
TULLYBRACKY, a parish, partly in the barony of COSHMA, but chiefly in that of SMALL COUNTY, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, l 3/4 miles (N. E.) from Bruff, on the road to Limerick; containing 1774 inhabitants. The parish comprises 3148a. 2r. 15p. statute measure, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is considered to be of the most fertile character; it is based on a substratum of limestone. About one-fifth of it is in tillage, producing very heavy crops of every kind of grain; the remainder is meadow or enclosed in demesnes: near the boundary is a small but very valuable bog. The most remarkable of the seats is Rockbarton, the elegant mansion of Lord Guillamore, situated in a demesne of great extent, beauty and variety of scenery: the others are Cahir, the elegant residence of Lieut. Col. O'Grady; Ballynauty, of Mrs. Creed; and the glebe, of the Rev. John Fitzgerald, the grounds of which are laid out with much taste and densely planted. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Limerick, forming the corps of the prebend of the same name, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £280. 10. 6. per ann. The glebe-house was erected in 1813 by a gift of £250 and a loan of £550 from the late Board of First Fruits. There are two glebes; one of 61 1/2 acres, on which the house is built; the other of 11 1/2 acres near the old church; making together 73 acres of land of the highest natural and acquired fertility. The church, erected in 1819 on a new site about 1/4 of a mile from the former building, and about midway between Rockbarton and the glebe-house, is an elegant edifice in the later English style, with a lofty square tower crowned with pierced battlements and pinnacles: it cost £2500, of which £1200 was contributed in two grants from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remaining £1300 was a donation from Lord Guillamore. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Bruff. The male and female parochial schools are wholly supported by Lord Guillamore and the rector; and there is a private school in which 58 boys and 22 girls are educated. A few portions of the old church are still in existence, and round Rockbarton are numerous vestiges of antiquity, but the most remarkable ruins are those in the demesne of Cahir Guillamore, which indicate the former existence of an ancient city of great extent: the sites of streets, gates and fortifications are still to be traced, extending in some places into the adjoining parishes, and connected with the ancient forts on several of the surrounding hills.
TULLYCORBET, a parish, partly in the barony of CREMORNE, but chiefly in that of MONAGHAN, county of MONAGHAN, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (N. by E.) from Ballibay, on the road to Monaghan; containing 483