By Samuel Lewis, 1837
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TACUMSHANE, a parish, in the barony of FORTH, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Broadway; containing 907 inhabitants. This parish, which comprises (with the chapelry of Churchtown) 3000 statute acres, is situated between two small land-locked gulfs with very narrow openings, called Lake Tacumshane and the Lady's Island Lake: the surface is flat, and it has only a few streams flowing through it, which are dry in summer, the cattle being then driven to be watered in marl pits, which are numerous in the district and are never exhausted. The land is chiefly under tillage: the principal crops are wheat, barley, oats, and beans, which are cultivated according to a judicious system. The principal manure is marl, found here in large quantities, and of three varieties, all adapted to the soil; sea-weed, which is eagerly sought after and collected by the families residing near the shore, is also very largely used, both by itself and mixed into a compost with sea-sand. The lakes are frequented by various kinds of wild and water fowl in great numbers, that are highly esteemed as an article of luxury from the delicacy of their flavour, which is attributed to their feeding on a species of grass or weed in the lakes. A peculiar kind of stork used to build its nest on the surface of the water of one of those lakes, which formerly was unconnected with the sea; but a high tide having broken the intervening embankment of sand, the birds deserted it after the ingress of the salt water. Several kinds of fish, particularly herrings, lobsters, and oysters, are taken along the shore in great abundance, and of excellent quality: the herring fishery is the most productive, giving employment during the season for 100 cots or open boats manned with five men each. In taking shell-fish 20 boats are regularly engaged for eight or nine months in the year: the strand for miles is formed of a bank of hard dry sand, and is much resorted to for exercise and for sea-bathing during the summer months. The inhabitants, who are peculiarly attached to the place of their nativity, and therefore, until of late years, were extremely averse to travelling beyond the limits of the barony, are peaceable, industrious, and amiable in their dispositions: their habitations, built of mud which hardens to the consistency of stone, are neatly constructed, thatched, the ridge plastered with mortar, and for the most part whitewashed; their offices are equally neat, and the interior arrangements of their dwellings do not disappoint the expectations formed from their external appearance. Their principal want is fuel: coal from Wexford is generally used by the more wealthy farmers; the poorer classes are obliged to have recourse to furze and bean-stalks. There is a coast-guard station at Tacumshane. The roads in the parish are in good order. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ferns, forming part of the union of Kilscoran; the tithes amount to £224. 18. 11 1/2. A perpetual curacy for Tacumshane and Ballymore has been recently instituted under the name of Churchtown, which see. The old church near the lake is in ruins. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Lady's Island: the chapel is in the village of Faithe. A parochial school has been established and placed under the superintendence of the perpetual curate. The castle or tower of Ballymakane fell about 80 years years since, but the dwelling-house attached to it is still inhabited and is now the residence of Mr. Rich. Barrington: the remains of the castles of Syganstown and Rathshelan, the former belonging to the Jacob family, and the latter to J. H. Talbot, Esq., are still in existence.
TAGHADOE, or TAPTOO, a parish, in the barony of NORTH SALT, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (S. by W.) from Maynooth, on the road to Naas; containing 467 inhabitants. This parish is situated between the Grand and Royal canals, and comprises 3788 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, partly under tillage, but chiefly in pasture. Before the Reformation it formed part of the possessions of the monastery of All Hallows, Dublin; the advowson was granted, at the suppression, to the corporation of Dublin. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, and in the patronage of the corporation: the tithes amount to £220. There are 12 acres of glebe. The church is a small neat building, with octagonal turrets rising from square piers at the angles, and was erected in 1831 by aid of a gift of £830 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions the parish is part of the union or district of Maynooth: the chapel is in ruins. Near the church is an ancient round tower, about 60 feet high; its external diameter is much larger than is usual in similar structures.
TAGHBOY, or TAUGHBOY, a parish, partly in the barony of KILLIAN, county of GALWAY, but chiefly in that of ATHLONE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (E.) from Ballinamore, on the road from Roscommon to Ahascragh; containing 3306 inhabitants. This parish, situated on the river Suck, comprises 5117 statute acres, according to the county books: the soil is in general light, and, chiefly by the example and encouragement of the Hon. Gonville Ffrench, agriculture has considerably improved: there is a very large tract of bog. Here is a station of the constabulary police. The gentlemen's seats are Claremount, the residence of the Hon. G. Ffrench; Ballyforan House, of M. D'Arcy, Esq.; Mucklon, of G. Kelly, Esq.; and Turrock, the property of W. D. Kelly, Esq. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, forming part of the union of Tessaragh, or Mount-Talbot; the rectory is impropriate in the Incorporated Society. The tithes amount to £96. 18. 5 1/2., of which £38. 15. 4 1/2. is payable to the impropriators, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is partly in the union or district of Tessaragh, and partly in that of Dysart. There are three schools, in which 140 children are taught. Here is a mineral spring.
TAGHKEEN, or TAUGHEEN, a parish, in the barony of CLANMORRIS, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 2 miles (N. N. E.) from Hollymount, on the road to Claremorris, and on the river Robe; containing 2562 inhabitants. The parish comprises 6716 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2313 per annum, besides large tracts of bog; it is mostly under tillage; agriculture has but little improved; the chief crops are oats and potatoes. Holly-brook is the seat of A. C. Lynch, Esq., J. P. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, forming part of the union of Hollymount, or Kilcommon; the tithes amount to £104. 2. 5 1/4. In the R. C. divisions the parish is part of the union or district of Crossboyne: the chapel at Carramore is a thatched building. There are two private schools, in which are about 130 children.
TAGHMACONNELL, a parish, in the barony of ATHLONE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT; 5 miles (N. E.) from Ballinasloe, on the road to Roscommon; containing 4418 inhabitants. This parish comprises 12,229 1/2 statute acres, of which 9912 are applotted under the tithe act. The land is badly cultivated, yet agriculture is improving; there is a considerable portion of bog, and limestone abounds. Castle-Sampson, a little village within the parish, is 5 miles (W.) from Athlone, and comprises 26 cabins and 130 inhabitants; it has a patent for fairs, which, however, are not held. The gentlemen's seats are Fighill, the residence of R. Keogh, Esq.; Eskan, of W. Kelly, Esq.; Keoghvill, of Ross Keogh, Esq.; and Camla House, of E. Killikelly, Esq. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Clonfert, partly appropriate to the bishoprick and deanery, and partly included in the union of Creagh; the tithes amount to £147. 13. 10., of which £36 is payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, £3. 13. 10 1/2. to the dean, and the remainder to the incumbent; there is a glebe of 4 acres. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains a chapel. There are three private schools, one of which is kept in a house built by the parishioners. At Clonohill are the remains of an old abbey, and there are also the remains of the abbey of Taghmaconnell, and of a nunnery at Ballinnina. Certain lands in the parish pay a rent, called "monastery money," to the crown for this nunnery. Here are the ruins of several old castles formerly belonging to the Keogh family: also two upright stones, crossed by a third on the top, supposed to have been land-marks between the ancient proprietors of the land and the Keogh family.
TAGHMON, a parish, in the barony of CORKAREE, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 5 3/4 miles (N. N. E.) from Mullingar, on the road to Castle-Pollard, and on Lough Dereveragh; containing 922 inhabitants. It comprises 3213 statute acres, chiefly under tillage, as applotted under the tithe act; about 60 are called the Crooked Wood, and 60 are bog. Here are quarries of black limestone. At Foxborough, in a recess of the lake, is the residence of Mrs. Nugent. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, united to the vicarage of Stonehall and the rectory of Multifarnham, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £153. 16. 7., and the gross value of the benefice is £396. 4. 11 1/2. The glebe-house was built in 1813, at an expense of £892 British, of which £400 was a gift and £300 a loan from the late Board of First Fruits. The glebe comprises 40 acres of profitable land, valued at £60 per ann.; there is also a glebe of 12 acres in Multifarnham. The church is an ancient building in the Gothic style, in decent repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Turin, or Rathconnell, and has a chapel at Monktown. There are two private schools, in which about 120 children are educated. On a hill in the parish the insurgents, in 1798, had an encampment. There are several raths, most of which have a double trench.
TAGHMON, an ancient incorporated post-town (formerly a parliamentary borough), and a parish, in the barony of SHELMALIER, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 7 miles (W.) from Wexford, and 72 (S. by W.) from Dublin, on the old road from New Ross by Fowke's Mill to Wexford; containing 3175 inhabitants. This place derived its name, originally Theagh Munno, or "the House of Munno," from St. Munno, who in the 6th century founded here an Augustinian monastery, to which is attributed the origin of the town. This monastery was plundered by the Danes in 917, and was subsequently granted by Dermod Mac Murrough, last King of Leinster, to his abbey at Ferns, as appears by his charter, which is still extant. The town consists chiefly of two nearly parallel streets intersected obliquely by two others; and in 1831 contained 237 houses, some of which are neatly built. Its chief trade arose from its situation on a public thoroughfare, which has been recently diverted into the new line of road from Wexford to New Ross; and it is now chiefly dependent on the number of its fairs, of which not less than 23 are held in the year. A market for salt butter only is held every Tuesday and Friday during the season, and the fairs are well attended. Of its ancient corporation scarcely any thing is at present known; it has for many years ceased to exist, and even the remembrance of it seems to have passed away. The last privilege it exercised was the return of two members to the Irish parliament, which was continued till the union, when the borough was disfranchised. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town, and petty sessions are held on alternate Wednesdays.
The parish comprises 7946 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and principally under tillage; the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improving; there is very little waste land, and the bog of Slevoy is now under cultivation; limestone of good quality is found at Poulmarle, and is quarried for agricultural uses and for building. The principal seats are Harperstown, the residence of W. Hore, Esq.; Slevoy Castle, of Lieut.-Col. Pigott; Hilburn, of J. Hatton, Esq.; and Coolcliffe, of Col. Sir Wm. Cox, K. T. S. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, episcopally united, in 1764, to the rectory of Ballyconnick, and with it forming the corps of the prebend of Taghmon in the cathedral of Ferns, to which was also united, in 1785, the impropriate curacy of Ballymitty; it is in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £446. 13. 6.; the glebe comprises only about three roods of land in the town. The church, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits, in 1818, granted a loan of £1000, is a small but handsome edifice in the later English style, with a square embattled tower; in the churchyard are the remains of an ancient granite cross of considerable dimensions and rude workmanship. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the greater portion of the parishes of Cools-tuff and Kilgarvan, and some part of Horetown, Ambrosetown, and Whitechurch of Glyn: the chapel is a spacious and handsome edifice, partly concealed by some fine beech trees, and adjoining it are a residence for the priest, and a school; there are chapels also at Trinity and Carroreigh; and at Forrest, about half a mile from the town, is a place of worship for the Society of Friends. About 40 children are taught in two public schools, of which the parochial school is supported by the incumbent, who also pays the rent of the school-house; and a school chiefly for females is partly supported by a society of ladies; in these and in three private schools about 200 children are educated: there is also a Sunday school. A benevolent association, called the Female Spinning Association, for employing poor females of this and the adjoining parishes of Coolstuff and Horetown, in the domestic manufacture of flax and wool, was established here under the management of a committee of ladies in 1826; it has afforded much comfort to the poor, by supplying them with articles of clothing of their own manufacture, and also with wages for their labour; in 1832, not less than 210 pieces of linen and woollen stuff, each 50 yards long, were manufactured for the association, which, though supported by subscriptions amounting only to £15 per ann., has, after paying all expenses and rendering great assistance to the poor, realised a capital of £100. Here is also a dispensary for the parishes of Taghmon and Horetown. There are three ancient burial-places, in two of which are the ruins of churches; and near the town is a burial-place, called the grave, belonging to the family of Batt, which has a large property here. In the town is a massive square tower, all that remains of an ancient castle formerly belonging to the heirs of Sir Gilbert Talbot, Knt., Lord of Wexford, who held a hundred court there; it is now the property of W. Hore, Esq., of Harperstown.
TAGOAT, a village, in the parish of ROSSLARE, barony of FORTH, county WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (N.) from Broadway: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated at the southern extremity of the parish, and at the junction of several roads, of which the principal is that leading to the town of Wexford, 7 1/2 miles distant. It is a station of the constabulary police; and contains the principal R. C. chapel of the district, which comprises the parishes of Rosslare, Kilrane, Kilscoran, St. Helen (or Killilane), St. Michael, and Ballybrennan; within a quarter of a mile of the village is the church of the union of Tacumshane, also called the union of Kilscoran, from the church being situated in the latter parish. Adjoining the chapel are schools for children of both sexes, which are under the superintendence of the parish priest; and near the village is a neat school, erected and supported by the rector. In the immediate vicinity is Hill Castle, the seat of G. M. Dance, Esq.
TALLAGHT, a post-town and a parish, in the barony of UPPERCROSS, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 5 1/2 miles (S. W. by W.) from Dublin, on the road to Blessington; containing 4646 inhabitants, of which number, 359 arc in the town. The name, which is also written Tavelagh, Tauelagh, Tamlact and Taim-lacht, signifies a "place of burial," from a large cemetery attached to the church, which popular tradition states to be the place in which the whole race of Partholan, who formed a settlement in Ireland A. M. 1956, were interred after their destruction by a plague. An abbey was founded here, in the eighth century, of which St. Maelruane was first abbot; but no record remains concerning it after the year 1125. A castle was built here by Alexander de Bicknor, Archbishop of Dublin, as his residence, which continued to be the seat of his successors until a late period; in 1324, he obtained a remission of money in consideration of his expenses in its erection. In 1331, O'Toole, the chieftain of Imail, at the head of a numerous band, plundered the castle and demesne, slew many of the Archbishop's people, and defeated Sir Philip Britt and a body of Dublin men who had been sent against him. A very large mansion-house was subsequently erected, to which was attached an extensive and well-stocked garden, laid out in the Dutch style, and a demesne of upwards of 200 acres. Dr. Fowler, who died in 1803, was the last archbishop who resided here. Lord John G. Beresford, who was translated to the see of Dublin in 1819, obtained an act of parliament to sell the buildings and lands, and his successor, Dr. Magee, sold them to Major Palmer, who, after having taken down the buildings, with the materials of which he erected Tallaght House, a handsome modern residence, disposed of his interest in them to John Lentaigne, Esq., the present proprietor.
The parish contains 6604 acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the northern portion of it is generally flat, with a range of low hills, or escars, extending from Balrothery hill, on the Dodder, to the Greenhills at its western extremity; the southern and eastern parts rise into the range of Tallaght hills, which command a magnificent view of the vale of Dublin and are backed by the lofty range of Seechin, the summit of which is on the southern verge of the parish. The Dodder has its sources near Castlekelly, in the valley of Glennasmuil, or the "Thrushes' vale," in the south, and proceeding northward quits the parish at Templeogue near Rathfarnham: the Brittas river, a tributary of the Liffey, also rises in the parish. The hills consist of clay-slate, greenstone, and greenstone porphyry; the last-named formation is most abundant in the eastern part. There are several paper and flour-mills and a woollen-mill in the parish. In the town is a dispensary; it is a constabulary police station, and petty sessions are held in it on alternate Mondays. It has a patent for fairs but they are not held. Near Newlands is Belgarde Castle, originally the property of a branch of the Talbots of Malahide, from whom it passed by marriage to the Dillon family, and thence by purchase to the ancestors of the present proprietor, P. H. Cruise, Esq., who resides in it. The mansion is a large building in a demesne in which there are a number of very fine aged forest trees, and has at one of its angles a square tower of very antique appearance, that formed part of the original structure, which at some distance gives it the appearance of a church. The other more remarkable seats are Templeogue House, the residence of P. Gogarty, Esq.; Newlands, of J. Crotty, Esq., and at one time that of Viscount Kilwarden, chief justice of the King's Bench; Cypress Grove, of J. Duffy, Esq.; Friarstown, of Ponsonby Shaw, Esq.; Delaford, of B. Taylor Ottley, Esq.; Sally Park, of W. E. Handcock, Esq.; Kilvere, of J. Sealy Townsend, Esq.; Willington, of the Rev. Chas. McDonnell; Prospect, of the Rev. Dr. R. McDonnell; Allenton, of F. R. Cotton, Esq.; the Glebe House, of the Rev. W. Robinson; Kiltalown, of J. Robinson, Esq.; Fir House, of J. Armitage, Esq.; Orlagh, of N. Callwell, Esq.; Killymanagh, of J. Clancy, Esq.; Castlekelly, of J. Grierson, Esq.; Oldbawn, of M. McDonnell, Esq., an ancient mansion having in one of its apartments the date 1635; Ballyroan, of W. Poole, Esq.; Ellenborough, of N. Read, Esq.; Knocklyon, of W. Dunne, Esq.; Johnville, of N. Roe, Esq.; Annemount, of J. Gaham, Esq.; Newbawn, of S. P. Lea, Esq.; Newhall, of Edw. Manders, Esq.; Killininey, of W. Devine, Esq.; Mount Hastings, of R. Hastings, Esq.; and Cherryfield, of P. A. Lawless, Esq.
The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, united to the rectory of Cruagh, and in the alternate patronage of the Archbishop of Dublin and W. Bryan, Esq.; the rectory forms part of the corps of the deanery of St. Patrick's. The chapel of Killahan, in the townland of Oldbawn, and dilapidated since 1532, and that of St. Bridget, near the Dodder, now in ruins, were appendant to the church of Tallaght. The Dean of St. Patrick's formerly had the right of presentation to the vicarage, by a grant from Pope Gregory IX., but the right afterwards lapsed by neglect. The tithes amount to £678. 18. 6., of which £369. 4. 7 1/2. is payable to the dean, £221. 10. 9 1/2. to the dean and chapter in their corporate capacity, and £88. 3. 1. to the vicar; the gross tithes of the vicarial union amount to £270. 0. 7. The glebe-house stands on a glebe of 17a. 0r. 20p. The church, dedicated to St. Maelruane, was built in 1829 on the site of the ancient structure, by a grant of nearly £3000 from the late Board of First Fruits; it is in the pointed style of architecture, with pinnacles at the angles and along the sides: the ancient belfry tower, which is of considerable height, is still preserved as part of the edifice: the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £107 towards its repairs. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Rathfarnham, and has a chapel at Bohernabreena. At Fir House, a convent of discalced Carmelites, consisting of a superioress and 13 professed and lay sisters, was founded about eight years since, with a small chapel attached. At Mount Anne is a small monastery of the order of Carmelites. A female parochial school is held near the church. Near the village is a neat school-house for boys and girls, erected in 1834 at an expense of £266, of which £130 was granted by the Board of National Education, on a site given by Mr. Lentaigne, and aided by subscription, to which W. D. Trant, Esq., contributed £25 and supplied the stone for its erection from his quarries: the last named gentleman has also erected and maintains a neat school-house at Ballynascorney. A free school for girls is kept by the ladies of the Convent, and one for boys by the monks of St. Anne's. Near Fir House is a private school for the instruction of the deaf and dumb, and two others: the number of pupils in the free schools is about 430, and in the private schools, about 70. In 1789, Robert Murphy, Esq., bequeathed to the minister and churchwardens £10 Irish currency for the poor, and £10 Irish per ann. towards founding a Sunday school. In the garden of Tallaght House are the remains of the original castle, consisting of a large square tower with a lofty gateway. On a rising ground that commands a pass in the road leading from Crumlin and Drymnagh Castle to Fir House is the castle of Timon, or Timothan, which anciently was the chief place in the lordship or manor of Tymothan, granted by King John to Henry de Loundres, Archbishop of Dublin, in recompense for his losses in repairing the castle of Dublin and for other public services: in 1247 the manor was erected into a prebend in St. Patrick's Cathedral, which still exists but without any endowment. The building, which was in a ruinous condition in the reign of Hen. VIII., now consists of a square tower or keep with a few small windows in a very dilapidated state. At Aughfarrell are the remains of an old castle, and at Templeogue and beyond Friarstown are ruins of old churches; near the latter of which is a well, dedicated to St. Anne. At the Greenhills is a rath and a fort, apparently erected at an early period to curb the predatory incursions of the Wicklow septs: on the grounds of Fortville Lodge is a Danish rath, surrounded with a fosse.
TALLANSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of ARDEE, county of LOUTH, and province of LEINSTER, 7 miles (W. S. W.) from Dundalk, on the road from Drogheda to Monaghan, and on the river Glyde; containing 1074 inhabitants, of which number, 60 are in the village. The parish, according to the Ordnance survey, comprises 3210 1/4 statute acres: the soil is in general good, and agriculture has greatly advanced, the resident gentry and farmers having exerted themselves to introduce the improved system both in the cultivation of land and in the rearing of cattle. The principal seats are Lisreigny, that of W. Filgate, Esq., a handsome residence in an extensive and well-planted demesne, and the grounds and hedge-rows are exceedingly well kept; Arthurstown, of T. W. Filgate, Esq., also a handsome residence; and Louth Hall, of Lord Louth, a spacious castellated mansion, in a demesne of about 250 acres, which are well planted; on this estate are 700 acres of the best land in Ireland, under tillage. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Armagh, forming part of the union of Charlestown or Philipstown; the rectory is impropriate in the Hon. J. Leslie Foster, third Baron of the Exchequer. The tithes amount to £260. 3. 8., of which £215. 13. 8. is payable to the impropriator, and £44. 10. to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Tallanstown, Charlestown, Philipstown, Clonkeen, and Clonkeehan, in which union are two chapels, one in Tallanstown, the other at Reastown in Philipstown. A school for female children was built by T. W. Filgate, Esq., in his demesne at Arthurstown, and is supported by Mrs. and Miss Filgate; there is also a school at Lisreigny: in these schools about 80 children are taught.
TALLERAGHT, TELLERAUGHT, or TULLYRATH, a parish, in the barony of SHELBURNE, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S.E.) from New Ross, on the road from Enniscorthy by Ballinlaw-Ferry to Waterford; containing 468 inhabitants. It is estimated to comprise about 1600 statute acres of land, chiefly under tillage; the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture is progressively improving. There was formerly a considerable village, which, with the church, has altogether disappeared, and the site has been turned up by the plough, which is frequently obstructed by the foundations of old buildings. There is a constabulary police station within the limits of the parish. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, forming part of the union of St. Mary's, New Ross: the tithes amount to £80. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Cushinstown: there is a chapel at Talleraght, in which a school of about 80 children is held, under the superintendence of the parish priest. Some remains still exist of an ancient Norman castle, consisting of a lofty square tower, but nothing is now known of its early history: it is the property of H. Lambert, Esq., to whom this and the adjoining parish of Carnagh entirely belong.
TALLOW, or TALLAGH, a market and post-town, (formerly a parliamentary borough), and a parish, in the barony of COSHMORE and COSHBRIDE, county of
WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 39 miles (W. S. W.) from Waterford, and 114 (S. W. by S.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road from Waterford through Youghal to Cork; containing 4717 inhabitants, of which number, 2998 are in the town. This place, together with the surrounding territory, was, in 1586, granted by Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Raleigh, by whom the estates were subsequently assigned to Sir Richard Boyle, afterwards created Earl of Cork. In the original grant it is designated a decayed town, but it was restored by the Earl, who in the 11th of Jas. I. obtained for the inhabitants a charter of incorporation and various important privileges. Though not walled, an intrenchment with four gates was thrown up around it for its defence, during the war in 1641, by the Earl, who maintained here a garrison of 100 infantry; and in 1643 the Earl of Inchiquin, with his army, met the Lords Dungarvan and Broghill at this place, whence they proceeded to the relief of Lismore castle, at that time besieged. In 1644 the castle of Ballymacow, near the town, was taken from Sir Philip Perceval by the Irish, but was soon after restored by order of the supreme council at Kilkenny, in consequence of its seizure having been a violation of the cessation of hostilities previously concluded.
The town is situated about half a mile to the south of the river Bride, and consists chiefly of two principal streets; it contained, in 1831, 477 houses, of which many are well built and of respectable appearance. The wool-combing business was formerly carried on extensively; but at present the principal trade is in grain, which is brought from Fermoy and the neighbouring markets to be shipped here. The manufacture of coarse lace affords employment to several hundred females; an extensive ale and porter brewery was established here in 1835, by Messrs. Anthony and Terry, which produces annually 3000 barrels; and attached to it is a large malting concern. There are also very extensive flour-mills, belonging to Messrs, Hannan, which were built in 1822, and produce annually 10,000 barrels of flour; they are set in motion by a powerful stream which rises to the south of the town and falls into the river Bride at Tallow bridge. The Bride, which winds through the parish, is navigable to within a quarter of a mile of the bridge; and at Janeville quay, about 2 miles distant, lighters from 30 to 40 tons' burden unload their cargoes of coal, culm, and timber, and receive grain at Tallow bridge quay; the river Bride, from its junction with the Blackwater, affording a facility of water carriage to Youghal. A new line of road has been constructed to Youghal, opening an improved communication between this place and the neighbouring towns. The market is on Saturday; and fairs are held on March 1st, Trinity-Monday, Oct. 10th, and Dec. 8th: the market-house is a neat and well-arranged building.
A charter of incorporation was granted by Jas. I., in the 11th of his reign, to the inhabitants, under the designation of the "Sovereign, Free Burgesses, and Commonalty of the borough of Tallagh," by which the town and the surrounding lands within a mile and a half of the parish church were constituted a free borough. By this charter the corporation was to consist of a sovereign, not less than 13 nor more than 24 free burgesses, and an indefinite number of freemen, with a recorder and other officers. The sovereign, who, with the recorder, was a justice of the peace, was chosen annually by the lord of the manor from the free burgesses nominated for that purpose by the sovereign and a majority of that body, by whom vacancies in their number were filled up from among the freemen, and freemen were also admitted. The charter conferred upon the corporation the privilege of returning two members to the Irish parliament, which it continued to exercise till the union, when the borough was disfranchised. It held a court of record in which the sovereign and recorder presided, with jurisdiction extending to £20; but, long before the disfranchisement of the borough, the corporation had ceased to exercise any municipal functions, and soon afterwards became extinct. The seneschal of the manor for some time continued to hold a court, with jurisdiction to the extent of £15: but this has been for some time discontinued, and the only pleas now cognizable in the manor court are for debts not exceeding 40s. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town.
The parish comprises 4745 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; about 400 acres are pasture, 100 mountainous but in cultivation, and the remainder chiefly under tillage; the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improved; there is neither waste land nor bog. The surrounding district produces abundance of grain of all kinds, and there are some extensive dairies. Kilmore Hill, the residence of the Rev. W. Perceval, is a handsome seat on the new line of road to Youghal, about a mile from the town. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, episcopally united, in 1817, to the vicarage of Kilwatermoy, and in the patronage of the Duke of Devonshire. The tithes amount to £369. 4. 7.; the glebe comprises about 5 acres, and the tithes for the whole benefice amount to £457. 16. 10 1/2. The church, for the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £259, is a spacious structure: in the aisle is a monument of marble, erected by the parishioners to the Rev, H. Brougham, their late rector, who died in 1831. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church: the chapel is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a tower of hewn stone; the interior is neatly arranged; the high altar is of elegant design, and over a small altar of marble is a monument to the Rev. Denis O'Donnell, late P. P., with an emblematic sculpture, beautifully executed, representing Religion and Charity. A convent of the order of the Presentation was erected here in 1836, at an expense of £1500, on a site of two acres presented by the Duke of Devonshire; the late Rev. D. O'Donnell bequeathed £1000 towards the erection of the buildings, and the Rev. E. Condon, under whose superintendence they were completed, supplied the remainder. About 450 children are taught in four public schools, of which one is supported by the Trustees of Erasmus Smith's fund; and there are seven private schools, in which are about 200 children. Almshouses have lately been erected under the will of John Boyce, Esq., who endowed them for the reception of six aged couples, to each of whom he assigned £10 per ann.: the buildings, which are very neat and well adapted to the purpose, are situated at the southern entrance of the town. Near the R. C. chapel are also almshouses for poor widows, erected and endowed with £30 per ann. by a bequest of the late Rev. D. O'Donnell. There are a dispensary and a fever hospital, to which the Duke of Devonshire liberally contributes; and a house of recovery has been lately erected with funds charged on the estate of the late John Boyce, Esq., who bequeathed £50 per ann. to be applied in promoting the convalescence of the patients. To the west of Tallow bridge, but within the parish of Lismore, is the ancient castle of Lisfinny, built by the Earl of Desmond, now converted into a handsome residence, in the occupation of Capt. Edwards Croker; and on the confines of the parish, bordering on the county of Cork, are some vestiges of the castle of Kilmacow, which also belonged to that family.
TAMLAGHT, a parish, partly in the barony of LOUGHINSHOLIN, county of LONDONDERRY, but chiefly in that of DUNGANNON, county of TYRONE, and province of ULSTER, 3 1/4 miles (S. by E.) from Moneymore, on the roads from Toome to Moneymore and from Cookstown to Magherafelt and on the river Ballinderry; containing 2854 inhabitants. The river here forms the southern boundary of the county of Londonderry, and on its south bank, close to its junction with Lough Neagh, stands the village of Coagh, which is described under its own head. According to the Ordnance survey, the parish comprises 4954 3/4 statute acres, 2447 3/4 acres being in the barony of Dungannon, and 2507 in that of Loughinsholin, all fertile land, except about 300 acres of waste and bog: about two-thirds of the surface are arable and the rest meadow and pasture; there is no mountain land. The inhabitants combine with agriculture the weaving of linen cloth, here carried on to a great extent. There are several quarries of good limestone, much of which is burned for manure. A little westward of the church are seen strata of white limestone, which enter from Seagoe and Maralin, in the county of Down, pass under Lough Neagh, nearly due east and west, and here emerging from their subterranean bed, continue to the neighbourhood of Money-more, and so on to the Magilligan strand. Here were formerly two extensive bleach-greens in full operation, neither of which is now worked. Tamlaght was created a parish in 1783, by Primate Robinson, by separating 6 townlands from the parish of Ballyclog, in the barony of Dungannon, and 5 1/2 from that of Ballinderry, in the barony of Loughinsholin: the Primate also built the church and purchased the glebe, with which he endowed it, together with the tithes of the 11 1/2 townlands. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the patronage of the Lord-Primate; the tithes amount to £200. The glebe-house was built in 1781, at an expense of £496, of which £92 was a gift from the late Board of First Fruits, the residue having been supplied by the then incumbent. The church is a small plain edifice in the Londonderry portion of the parish. In Coagh is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the second class; within the parish is a meeting-house for those in connection with the Associate Synod; and there are places of worship for Baptists and Wesleyan Methodists, the latter in the market-place of Coagh. The parochial schools at Tamlaght are supported by the rector, who also contributes to the support of a school at Aghery; and there is a school at Coagh, supported by W. L. Cunningham, Esq.; in these schools are about 280 children. There are also three private schools in which about 90 children are educated; and four Sunday schools. On the glebe stands a cromlech called Cloughtogel, composed of a stupendous table stone of granite, weighing 22 tons, raised 13 feet above the ground on six uprights of basalt, and under it there is a chamber or vault of considerable extent: there were formerly several other cromlechs connected with this, extending in a line due east and west, the whole surrounded by a circle of upright stones; but, in the process of fencing and other alterations, all have been removed except the first-named. In a field called the "Honey Mug," not far distant, is a large upright pillar of marble of a singular kind, beneath which is an artificial cave: and there are other remarkable stones in the neighbourhood.
TAMLAGHTARD, or MAGILLIGAN, a parish, in the barony of KENAUGHT, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Newtown-Limavady; containing 3607 inhabitants. The former of these names, which signifies "the cemetery on the height," is derived from the situation of the ancient burial-ground, which is still used for that purpose; and the latter from a family of that name who were proprietors of a native freehold in it, until it was forfeited to the Crown after the war of 1641. In the year 584, St. Columbkill founded a monastery here, which afterwards acquired great wealth and celebrity, and became so preeminent among the other monastic foundations of this saint, that it obtained the title of the "Throne or shrine of St. Columba;" kings, princes, prelates, and other men of eminence, repaired thither to close their days in its recesses, and the remains of many others were brought hither for interment: the most remarkable of the latter were those of St. Aidan, Bishop of Lindisfarne, which were raised by Colman, one of his successors, and buried here in a tomb of hewn stone that still exists near the eastern window of the old parish church; near which is also a fine well, called Tubber-aspug-Aidan, "the Well of Bishop Aidan." The monastery was plundered, in 1203, by Diarmit Hua Lochluin, at the head of a party of foreigners, who were afterwards met by the chiefs of the country, and routed in a battle in which their leader was slain. On the dissolution of monasteries, the buildings and lands of this were granted to the see of Derry.
The parish, which contains, according to the Ordnance survey, 13,137 statute acres, of which 28 are under water, is situated at the northern extremity of the county, having Lough Foyle on the west and the Northern ocean on the north; the river Roe forms part of its southern boundary. The soil of the upland portion consists of clay and bog, and in the lowlands a mixture of sand and bog: three-fourths of the surface consist of mountain and barren land. Its border to the sea is a fine strand, extending in its entire length from west to east upwards of 10 miles in an unbroken line, and backed in many parts by a range of basaltic cliffs, or by the sandy tract forming the great rabbit-warren of Magilligan. In the south the land rises into the lofty mountain of Benyevenagh, whose summit, 1260 feet above the level of the sea, and on the southern boundary of the parish, commands a most extended range of prospect, embracing the celebrated island of Iona and others of the western isles of Scotland: on the side towards Lough Foyle it rises with a bold and almost precipitous elevation. The vicinity of the ocean gives the air a mild and genial temperature, which is increased by the shelter afforded by this mountain against the eastern blasts. The vegetable productions of the parish are of great variety. Innes, in his natural history of it, published by the Royal Society of London in 1725, states that "the herb-doctors, who then were in high repute in Ireland, esteemed the breast of Benyevenagh mountain a kind of physic garden, which supplied them with medicines to be found in no other place; adding that "the abundance and great variety of flowers rendered Magilligan honey so delicious, that the produce of the townland of Tircreevan commanded a higher price than any other brought to the Dublin market." There are few trees except in the demesnes, where they are protected from cattle; although the side of the mountain of Benyevenagh affords excellent sites for their cultivation, which have been taken advantage of only in one tract that is finely planted. Alders and osiers succeed well in the low lands, and the growth of trees in general, when properly protected and attended to, is very rapid. The insect tribe is very prolific and often extremely troublesome: the grub worm abounds in boggy lands to the great injury of the corn crops; early sowing is the only protection against the ravages of this insect. Fleas often multiply in a wonderful manner on the low lands; no house in which sand is admitted can be kept free from them. Earwigs, which are great enemies to the few stocks of bees now reared here, are very numerous and troublesome in summer: the minnow-worm, used for bait in flounder-fishing, is to be had in abundance on the strand. The fishes most frequently taken are flounders and cockles in the shallows and sands; farther out, herrings and oysters; and in the deep sea, cod, haddock, and turbot. Salmon are sometimes taken off the north shore and in the river Roe, where also trout and mullet are caught: eels are scarce. Some eagles breed in the heights of Benyevenagh; kites and hawks abound there. The barnacle frequents the lough strand in countless numbers, forming an article of considerable profit to the residents in the neighbourhood, who send them in quantities to Londonderry and the inland towns. The widgeon, heron, curlew, and seagull also frequent these shores; pigeons are so abundant as to cause much annoyance to the farmers. This parish is remarkable for one of the largest rabbit-warrens, and, until lately, the most profitable in Ireland. In 1786, it was worth £1500 per annum: the number of skins then sold there annually amounted to three or four thousand dozen; they were purchased by the hatters. The price has now fallen from 15s. to 3s. per dozen; the discovery of cheaper materials for the manufacture has occasioned this depression, and a diminution in quantity has also been caused partly by the havoc committed on the rabbits by rats of the Norway breed, which have increased here to a most pernicious degree, not only as regards the warren, but in the corn fields and about the haggards, and partly by the increased culture of rye on the sandy lands, which by the judicious exertions of the proprietor, Conolly Gage, Esq., are gradually being converted from their previously unproductive state into arable land. The process adopted to produce this beneficial effect is by covering the surface with soil, mud, and shells brought up in boats from the banks of Lough Foyle, near the mouth of the Roe. About 50 years since, foxes were so abundant that the parish vestry gave a reward of 2s. for every skin brought in; they are now extirpated. The last wolf known to exist in Ulster was started about 90 years since upon Benyevenagh, and hunted into the woods near Dungiven, where it was killed. The population is chiefly engaged in agricultural pursuits; most of the low lands produce abundant crops of wheat, oats, flax, and potatoes: the first-named of these, introduced by Mr. Gage in 1830, now forms part of the rotation of most of the more wealthy farmers; but the old and less profitable systems of agriculture are still adhered to by many with much pertinacity: the burning of soil in the lowlands has been in some parts carried to such excess as to threaten the total extinction of the productive qualities of the soil: the quantities of white limestone raised in the mountain districts have tended much to aid the exertions of the landholders in the improvement of their farms. The high lands also afford excellent pasturage for sheep and young cattle, and many tracts heretofore unproductive have been brought into a state of profitable cultivation. In the year 1831, no less than 1131 persons were engaged here in trades, manufactures, and handicraft arts, with whom agriculture was only an occasional occupation. Little flax has been at any time raised, the soil not being well adapted to it, and still less latterly, in consequence of the low prices of yarn: wool is manufactured into a substantial and well-looking cloth worn by the farmers. A kind of matting is manufactured from the bent grass, or basque, planted on the sandy tracts to prevent the drifting of the sands: a ready sale is found for it in the inland parts of the country. The trade of the parish is mostly confined to the disposal of this article and to the sale of wild fowl, rabbits, poultry, and eggs in Londonderry. The principal seats are Belarena, the residence of Conolly Gage, Esq., whose highly embellished demesne, on the banks of the Roe and the side of Benyevenagh, contributes much to the beauty of the scenery of this secluded district; Castlelecky, the romantic seat of the late Averell Lecky, Esq., and still occupied by some of his family; Ballycarton, of B. Lane, Esq.; Ballymaclary, of T. Church, Esq.; Doaghs, of Mr. Jas. Reynolds; and Magilligan Glebe, of the Rev. John Graham, rector of the parish.
The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £425: the glebe-house stands on a glebe of 23 acres, valued together at £36. 15. 4. per annum: the gross value of the benefice, tithe and glebe included, is £450 per annum. The church, situated near the ancient monastery of Duncrun, is a large and handsome edifice, in the early English style of architecture, built in 1778; it has a steeple, which has been lately furnished with a bell: the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £229 towards its repair. The old church, being in a decayed state and in an inconvenient situation, was relinquished as a Protestant place of worship, and was given to the R. C. congregation, with the consent of the late Earl of Bristol, then Bishop of Derry; but being after some time found unsuited to its purpose, a large and commodious chapel was built in the neighbourhood, towards the erection of which Dr. Knox, the late Bishop of Derry, and other Protestant gentlemen, contributed. The churchyard, being the burial-place of most of the old families of every religious persuasion, has been enclosed with a wall and iron-gate by parish assessment. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also parts of those of Dunboe and Aghanloo. There is at Margymonaghan a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the third class. There are four schools in the parish; three are in connection with the Kildare-place Society, and one under the Board of National Education: the rector pays the teacher's salary in one of these, and Sir Hervey Bruce, Bart., and Conolly Gage, Esq., patronise two of the others. In these schools are about 200 boys and 90 girls: there are also a private school of 13 girls and a Sunday school. Hodgson Gage, Esq., bequeathed £200 and the Rev. John Leathes, rector of the parish, in 1703, £100 to the poor; the interest is paid annually through the Rev. Mr. Graham by Sir Hervey Bruce and Conolly Gage, Esq., two of the seven proprietors of the soil. The remains of an ancient encampment and the foundations of a castle were lately discovered in a strong position about half-way up the mountain; it is supposed to have been one of the fastnesses in which the Irish secured themselves and their property during the wars of Elizabeth and Chas. I. and II. The foundations of the ancient abbey of Duncrun, and near them those of the old church, are the only traces of their former existence: the surrounding scenery is peculiarly grand and romantic. The ruins of Screen abbey, noticed by Colgan in his Trias Thaumaturga, may still be traced on the townland of Craig. The Rev. John Graham is author of the Siege of Derry, Derriana, Annals of Ireland, and various historical, statistical, and poetical publications. Dennis Hampson, the celebrated Irish harper, resided in this parish.
TAMLAGHTFINLAGAN, a parish, in the barony of KENAUGHT, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 2 1/4 miles (W. by S.) from Newtown-Limavady, on the mail coach road to Londonderry; containing 7356 inhabitants. The parish, which comprises, according to the Ordnance Survey, 17,402 statute acres, of which 81 1/2 are under water, and one-sixth consists of mountain, derived its name from an abbey founded by St. Columbkill, in 585, in the townland of Tamlaght, over which he placed Fion Lugain, as its first abbot: at what time it ceased to be a monastic institution is now unknown, but. it is classed as a parochial church in Pope Nicholas's Taxation in 1291. The lands belong to three proprietors, in the proportions of three-fifths to the freehold estate of Newtown, as granted to Sir Thos. Phillips; two-fifths to the Fishmongers' Company, and one-fifth to the see of Derry; and are in three distinct manors, but no courts are held in any of them. Lough Foyle forms about one-half of the western boundary. In the vale of Myroe, which exhibits some of the most beautiful and romantic scenery in the North of Ireland, and throughout all the northern districts, is some of the very finest and most productive land, bearing heavy crops of all kinds of grain: in the southern portion the land rises into considerable ranges of mountain and bog, by much the greater part of which is capable of cultivation, and from which spring the sources of the numerous streams and rivulets that irrigate and fertilise the lower grounds, In the same portion, near the sources of the Rush and Ballykelly waters, are large deposits of excellent blue limestone, and in several places throughout the parish are indications of calcareous sandstone; but the prevailing rock is of schistose formation. The vicinity of the shores of Lough Foyle affords great facilities for water-carriage, of which full advantage has not yet been taken, though a large sum has been expended, somewhat injudiciously, towards the construction of a landing-place at the mouth of the Ballykelly water. The inhabitants unite to their agricultural employment, which is the chief source of their incomes, the weaving of linen cloth: at the Dog-leap are extensive and very complete mills for bleaching linen, which are at present unemployed: there are several tanyards, in which a considerable quantity of leather is manufactured; three flour-mills, three corn-mills, and a plating-mill or forge for the manufacture of spades, shovels, and other agricultural implements. By much the greater number of the farms in the northern or lowland portion of the parish are well fenced, drained, and cultivated: green crops have latterly been attended to. The old oak woods at Walworth, Roe Park, and the Dog-leap, and the modern plantations in various parts, add much to the richness of aspect that characterises the greater portion of the parish. The same effect is still farther heightened by the numerous seats with which it is studded. The principal are Roe Park, the residence of Edm. C. McNaghten, Esq.; Walworth, of the Rev. G. V. Sampson; Drummond, of A. Sampson, Esq.; Walworth Lodge, of Major Stirling; Finlagan, of the Rev. O. McCausland; Farloe, of John Given, Esq.; Bessbrook, of F. McCausland, Esq.; Rush Hall, of Hugh Boyle, Esq.; Oatlands, of John Church, Esq.; Culmore, of J. Martin, Esq.; and Ardnargle, of Jas. Ogilby, Esq.
The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £1000. The glebe-house is situated half a mile east of the church, upon a glebe of 188 Cunningham acres, which is valued at £235 per annum. The church was built in 1795, near the village of Ballykelly, at the joint expense of the Earl of Bristol, then Bishop of Derry, and of John Beresford, Esq.: it is a small but very handsome edifice, in the early English style, with a large square tower and lofty octagonal spire: the windows are embellished with the armorial bearings of the Irish Society, the Fishmongers' Company, and the Beresford family, in stained glass. In it is a very neat monument to the memory of the Rev. G. V. Sampson, author of the Memoir and Map of Londonderry and of the Statistical Survey of the same county: another belonging to the ancient family of the Hamiltons, and a third, of modern and elegant execution, to a junior branch of the Beresford family. A grant of £124 for its repair has been lately made by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Newtown-Limavady: the chapel is situated at Oghill, near Ballykelly; in which village there is a large meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster, of the first class, built by the Fishmongers' company in 1827, in the Grecian style: at Largy and Myroe there are also meeting-houses of Presbyterians in connection with the Synod of Ulster. Handsome male and female schools, with residences for the teachers, have been erected by the same company, and are conducted under its patronage on the most improved system: the parochial male and female schools, at Tamlaght, were built by the rector in 1832, and are supported by him: two others in the parish were built and are supported by the Fishmongers' company; one, at Glasvey, is in connection with the London Hibernian Society; and there are schools at Ballinarig, Dromore, Largy, Crindale, Carraghmenagh, and Lomond, in connection with the Kildare-place Society. These schools afford instruction to about 500 children: there are also 10 private schools, in which are about 300 boys and 230 girls; and a large and handsome dispensary at Ballykelly. The remains of Walworth castle, erected by the Fishmongers' company, in 1619, shew it to have been a large and spacious edifice, defended by a bawn and flankers, three of which are still in a tolerable state of preservation. Closely adjoining are the remains of a church, built by the Hamilton family in 1629. The ruins of the old parish church, which was destroyed in the war of 1641, occupy the site of the ancient abbey. There are numerous raths, of which that called Daisy Hill, in Roe park, and another near it, called Rough Fort, are the most remarkable.
TAMLAGHTOCRILLY, a parish, partly in the barony of COLERAINE, but chiefly in that of LOUGHINSHOLIN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (N. W.) from Portglenone, on the river Bann; containing 10,070 inhabitants. The parish comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 16,839 statute acres, the general quality of which is light and cold, with a good deal of moss or bog, being chiefly composed of decomposed basalt; in some places there are escars of sand and rubble, and in others the bare rocks of basalt rise above the land; in some districts large detached masses of basalt are scattered in great confusion, so that not more than three-fourths of the land can be said to be available for tillage, the system of which is rapidly improving; good crops of corn, flax, and potatoes are produced, and are likely to be still further augmented by reason of the increasing application of lime as manure. There are considerable tracts of turbary in various parts of the parish, in which large trunks of oak and fir are imbedded. Five townlands of the parish belong to the Mercers' Company, and are in the manor of Kilrea; seven belong to the see of Derry, and are in the manor of Maghera, as are also the several glebes. There are three inconsiderable villages, situated on the western side of the river Bann, namely, Tamlaght, Glenone, and Innisrush. The gentlemen's seats are Innisrush, the residence of Hercules Ellis, Esq.; Glenburn, of J. Courtenay, Esq.; Termoneeny glebe-house, of the Rev, C. S. Foster; Hervey-hill, of the Rev. W. Napper, the incumbent; and Glenone, of the Rev. M. Bloxham, curate of the chapel of ease.
The living is a rectory and perpetual cure, in the diocese of Derry, the former in the patronage of the Bishop, and the latter in that of the incumbent: the tithes amount to £435. 19., payable to the rector; the glebe comprises 564 acres, valued at £522. 2. per annum. The income of the perpetual curate arises from £92. 6. 2., payable by the rector, and £4. 7. 6., the rent of two houses; he has also a glebe-house, and a glebe of 15 acres, valued at £18. 15. per annum. The peculiarity of the glebes is worthy of notice: Lisgorgan belongs to the rector of Desertmartin, 6 miles distant; Ballymacpeake belongs to the rector of Maghera and Termoneeny, upon which stands the glebe-house of the latter; Killymuck belongs to the rector of Kilrea; and Moneystaghan to the rector of Ballyscullion, besides the glebe of the rector of Tamlaght and the curate of Tyanee chapelry. The. church is in the village of Tamlaght: it was rebuilt in 1815 by aid of a loan of £1000 from the late Board of First Fruits. The chapel at Tyanee is a small neat edifice, in the early English style, built at the private expense of the late Earl of Bristol, Bishop of Derry, and to the repairs of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £150. In the R. C. divisions the parish is part of the union or district of Desertoghill; it contains two chapels, a small one at Greenlough, and a larger one at Drumagarner, both plain buildings. At Boveedy is a meeting-house for Presbyterians in connection with the Seceding Synod, of the second class; one lately erected in the village of Tamlaght in connection with the Synod of Ulster; and one at Drumbolg for Covenanters. About 1200 children are educated in seventeen public schools, of which the parochial school on the glebe is supported by the rector; those at Lismoyle and Lisnagrott are partly supported by the Mercers' Company; one at Gortmacrane is aided by R. Heyland, Esq; those at Tyanee and Greenlough are under the National Board, and twelve are in connection with the London Hibernian Society. There are also two private schools, in which are about 70 children; and seven Sunday schools. ' The Rev. Ralph Mansfield, about 80 years since, bequeathed £100 to the poor of the parish, of which only £50 remains, the interest of which is distributed twice a year. There are some remains of ancient fortifications; and at Tivaconway is a Druidical circle. On a rising ground above the village is the sepulchral cave, or Tamlachta, from which the parish derives its name.
TANDERAGEE, or TAWNATELEE, a market and post-town, in the parish of BALLYMORE, barony of LOWER ORIOR, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. W.) from Loughbrickland; containing 1559 inhabitants. This town appears to owe its origin to the erection of a baronial castle here by the O'Hanlons, proprietors of the surrounding territory, on whose participation in the Earl of Tyrone's rebellion, in the reign of Elizabeth, the estates became forfeited to the crown, and were on the plantation of Ulster granted by Jas. I., in the 8th year of his reign, to Sir Oliver St. John, who rebuilt the castle and laid the foundation of the present town, which he peopled with English inhabitants. Sir Oliver, in 1622, also built the church, which afterwards became the parish church of Bally-more; and it appears to have been the intention of the King to make the town a free borough and to incorporate the inhabitants; but this design was never carried into effect; the only privileges they received were those of a market, fairs, and courts leet and baron. The town is beautifully situated in a richly cultivated part of the country, on the confines of the county of Down; within a mile of the Newry canal, which opens a communication between that town and Belfast; and on the estate of Lord Mandeville. It consists of two principal and three smaller streets, and in 1831 contained 253 houses, most of which are handsome and well built; its general appearance is prepossessing, and as seen from a distance, ascending from a beautiful vale, through which the river Cusher winds between its lofty and richly wooded banks at one extremity, the demesne of Tanderagee crowning the hill at the other, forms a strikingly picturesque feature in the landscape. Several coaches pass and re-pass through it to and from Bristol. The linen manufacture is carried on extensively in all its various branches: there are two large establishments in the town, and one at Derryallen, in all which linens, sheetings, damasks, diapers, drills, and other articles are manufactured in large quantities. There are also several extensive flax-mills, and in the various departments of the linen trade carried on here and in the immediate neighbourhood, more than 6000 persons are employed. The manufacture of damask was first introduced here in 1805, by Mr. J. Davis, who is now the only manufacturer of that article in the county. On the river Cusher, near the town, is a very extensive flour and meal-mill, the property of John Creery, Esq., in which more than 2000 tons of wheat and 1000 tons of oats are annually ground. This river and the Newry navigation join the Bann at about two miles distance from the town, affording facilities of conveyance and a supply of coal from Newry. The market is on Wednesday, and is largely supplied with flax, the weekly sale of which has amounted to £7000; besides linen, butter, and pork, averaging nearly £3000 weekly; much pork is bought in this market for Belfast. Fairs are held on the first Wednesday in every month, and also by charter on the 5th of July and Nov. A constabulary police force is stationed in the town; courts leet are held twice in the year, and courts baron, at which debts under 40s. are recoverable, every third Thursday; petty sessions for the division are held once a fortnight. Adjoining the town is Tanderagee Castle, the splendid seat of Viscount Mandeville, erected on the site of the ancient castle of O'Hanlon, which, after it was rebuilt by Sir Oliver St. John, was surprised and completely destroyed by the O'Hanlons in the war of 1641: the present structure, which is still in progress, is spacious and of elegant design, and is situated in an ample demesne, richly embellished and pleasingly diversified with bold eminences clothed with stately timber. In the immediate neighbourhood is also the glebe-house, the elegant residence of the rector, the Very Rev. Thos. Carter, Dean of Tuam, situated on a hill overlooking the town. The church, originally built by Sir Oliver St. John, was nearly demolished during the war of 1641, and rebuilt in 1684; having fallen into decay it was taken down in 1812, and the present handsome structure built upon its site. In removing the materials of the old church, the skull of its founder, who was shot by an assassin on his return to the castle, was discovered, perforated by a bullet. A very extensive and important charitable establishment has been founded on the moral agency system by Lord and Lady Mandeville, upon the estate of Tanderagee, the benefits of which are open to the whole of their numerous tenantry, in the improvement of whose moral, intellectual, and social condition, it has, though comparatively in its infancy, already produced the most beneficial effects. The establishment includes a loan fund, a clothing fund, three dispensaries, an orphan asylum, a circulating library, and 25 public schools, to each of which is attached a lending library. The loan and clothing funds are conducted by the moral agent resident at the castle; the dispensaries are in the towns of Tanderagee, Portadown, and Tullahappy, and are open one day in every week, under the care of a physician, who devotes the whole of his time in dispensing medicines and in visiting the poor tenants at their own dwellings. The orphan asylum, at Tanderagee, is open to the female orphans of the Protestant tenantry, who are boarded, clothed, and educated for service in respectable families. The schools, for which spacious and handsome buildings, with houses for the master and mistress, have been erected, are scattered over the whole estate; those in this parish are at Tanderagee, Corvernagh, Cargans, and Ballymore, in which are about 260 children and 100 infants. There are also schools at Portadown and Mullantine, in the parish of Drumcree, and also in the parishes of Seagoe, Kilmore, and Killevy; to each is attached a Sunday school, and the aggregate number of children in all the schools exceeds 2000. An annual festival takes place at the castle, where all the children assemble and are hospitably entertained by Lord and Lady Mandeville; on the last occasion more than 2000 children attended. To the south-east of the town is the pass of Scarva from the county of Down into that of Armagh, which was formerly defended by the strong and ancient castle of Glan Flusk, erected by Col. Monck, afterwards Duke of Albemarle, and of which there are considerable portions remaining.
TANEY, or TAWNEY, a parish, in the half-barony of RATHDOWN, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/2 miles (S.) from Dublin, on the road to Enniskerry; containing 4020 inhabitants. It is beautifully situated on a sheltered declivity near the base of the Dublin and Wicklow mountains, and comprises 3691 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land, which is of good quality, is principally in demesne; the surrounding scenery is richly diversified, and the parish thickly studded with handsome seats and pleasing villas, most of them commanding interesting views of the city and bay of Dublin and the adjacent country. Of these the principal are Mount Merrion, the residence of Mrs. Verschoyle; Merville, formerly the residence of the late Judge Downes, who greatly improved the demesne, and now the seat of R. Manders, Esq.; Mount Anville, of the Hon. Chas. Burton, second justice of the Court of Queen's Bench, situated on elevated ground commanding fine mountain and sea views, and remarkable for its richly cultivated gardens and extensive conservatories; Taney Hill, of W. Bourne, Esq.; Seafield, of T. Beasley, Esq.; Bellefield, of T. Wallace, Esq.; Bellevue Lodge, of the Rev. C. Wolsley; Runnimede, of J. Fitzpatrick, Esq.; Moreen, of D. Mc Kay, Esq.; Drummartin Castle, of Mrs. Dawson; Campfield House, of S. Boxwell, Esq.; Anneville, of Sir Geo. Whitford, Bart.; Woodbine Lodge, of T. Sherlock, Esq.; Laurel Lodge, of G. Meyler, Esq.; Ludford Park, of G. Hatchell, Esq.; Priest House, of J. Robinson, Esq.; Greenmount, of J. Turbett, Esq.; Stonehouse, of J. Benton, Esq.; Drummartin House, of J. Curry, Esq.; the residence of the Rev. Dr. Singer; Holywell, of W. Walsh, Esq.; Bessmount, of T. M. Scully, Esq.; Farmley, of J. T. Underwood, Esq.; Rockmount, of T. Courtenay, Esq.; Dellbrook, of E. G. Mason, Esq.; Eden Park, of L. Finn, Esq.; Milltown, of Major Palmer; Mount Anville, of E. Butler, Esq.; Ballinteer Lodge of Major W. St. Clair; Churchtown House, of J. Busby, Esq.; Dundrum House, of John Walshe, Esq.; Wickham, of Wm. Farran, Esq., who has here a museum containing a large collection of curious and rare articles; Sweetmount, of W. Nolan, Esq.; Churchtown, of N. Corbett, Esq.; Churchtown House, of D. Lynch, Esq.; Sweetmount Villa, of Jas. Burke, Esq.; Sweetmount House, of M. Ryan, Esq.; and Belleville, of W. A. H. Minchin, Esq. At Windy Harbour is a silk-throwing factory belonging to Mr John Sweeny, jun., employing about 80 persons; and in the village of Dundrum is an iron-foundry.
The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Dublin, forming part of the union of St. Peter's, and of the corps of the archdeaconry of Dublin: the tithes amount to £415. 7. 85. The church, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £4300, in 1818, is a spacious and handsome cruciform structure, in the later English style, with a square embattled tower; the interior was thoroughly renovated in 1835, for which purpose the Ecclesiastical Commissioners granted £256. The old church is still remaining; one portion of it is used for reading the funeral service, and another is appropriated to the parochial school. In the cemetery are some interesting monumental inscriptions, among which is one to William Halliday, Jun., Esq., who died in 1812, aged 24; he was distinguished for his eminent proficiency in Irish literature and his critical knowledge of his native language. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the unions of Booterstown, Sandyford, St. Mary Donnybrook, and St. Mary and St. Peter's Rathmines; there is a chapel at Dundrum, and a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. About 400 children are taught in four public schools, of which the parochial school is partly supported by the rector; there is an infants' school.--See DUNDRUM.
TANKARDSTOWN, a parish, in the barony of RATHVILLY, county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 1 3/4 mile (N. W. by N.) from Tullow; containing 1101 inhabitants. It is situated on the rivers Derreen and Slaney, the former of which separates it from the county of Wicklow and bounds it on the east, and the latter bounds it on the west. About seven-tenths of its surface consist of meadow and pasture; the remainder is arable, with a small portion of wood. Within its limits are the small hamlet called from its situation Tankardstown Cross roads, and Capnagh House, the residence of Wm. Young, Esq. In ecclesiastical concerns it is not known as a parish, but constitutes part of the rectory of Tullow, in the diocese of Leighlin; and in the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Tullow. About 170 children are educated in two private schools. At Capnagh are the ruins of an old castle.
TANKARDSTOWN, or BALLYTANKARD, a parish, in the barony of COSHMA, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (S. W.) from Kilmallock, on the road to Bruree; containing 523 inhabitants. It comprises 1671 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land, which is remarkably good, rests on a substratum of limestone; there are some large dairy farms, but the land is in general much subdivided. Turbary being scarce in this district, cow dung, dried and stacked like turf, is generally used as fuel by the peasantry. Within the limits of the parish is Knocksowney, which rises to a considerable height, and forms a conspicuous object in the vicinity: the land around it is very fertile. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £125. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Kilmallock. About 30 children are educated in a private school. The church has long been in ruins: within the walls near the west end is a flourishing ash tree, and where the. altar stood are a fine yew and chesnut tree.
TANKARDSTOWN, a parish, partly in the barony of BALLYADAMS, QUEEN'S county, and partly in that of KILKEA and MOONE, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (S.) from Athy, on the road to Carlow; containing 1918 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Barrow, and comprises 8938 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4056 per ann.: within its limits are some quarries of limestone. The state of agriculture is progressively improving, and the Barrow navigation affords great facility for the conveyance of its produce to Waterford. The seats are Kilmoroney, the improved and handsome residence of the Very Rev. Dean Trench; Farm Hill, of Geo. Evans, Esq.; and Leinster Lodge, of J. Perrin, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Dublin, and is a rectory and vicarage, forming part of the union of Athy: the tithes amount to £325. 19. 4. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union of Athy. About 120 children are educated in a school under the National Board; and there is a private school, in which are about 30 children. On the margin of the Barrow is a Danish rath.
TARAGH, TARAH, or TARA, a parish, in the barony of SKREEN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N. by W.) from Dunshaughlin; containing 688 inhabitants. Taragh Hill, which was also named Teagh-mor, signifying "the Great House," and frequently called also Temora, derived that appellation from its having been, to the end of the sixth century, the place where was assembled the convocation of the states general of Ireland, held here every three years for the deliberation and decision of civil and ecclesiastical matters, and also for the election and investiture with supreme authority of one chief, who was appointed sovereign of all Ireland. This triennial convocation of the provincial kings, priests, and bards is said to have been originally instituted by the great Ollamh Fodhla, one of the ancient monarchs, celebrated as a great legislator, in the traditional records of the kingdom. Tuathal, a Milesian prince, is said to have convoked an assembly here after his victory over the Firbolgs, when he was recognised by the states as supreme monarch. During the ceremony of inauguration, the monarchs were placed upon the Liafail, or "stone of destiny," which was afterwards removed to Scotland and used for a similar purpose, whence it was taken by Edw. I. as a trophy of his victory over that people, and placed in Westminster abbey, where it is still preserved. The hill of Taragh was also selected by St. Patrick as a convenient spot from which to promulgate the doctrines of Christianity, which rapidly extended to every part of Ireland. In 980, the Danes sustained a signal defeat on this hill, which contributed materially to their final expulsion from the country a few years afterwards, from which period they continued to infest it chiefly by predatory incursions. Roderic, the last native monarch of all Ireland, assembled his forces here while preparing to besiege the English in Dublin; but. after the English settlement it was no longer a place of note, except for the assembling of the military within the English pale. In 1539, O'Nial, at the head of the northern Irish, after ravaging the surrounding country, reviewed his forces here with great parade, and during the disturbances of 1798 a numerous body of insurgents was defeated on the hill by a party of about 400 fencibles and yeomanry. It seems very doubtful, notwithstanding the name, whether any building of stone ever existed here; the only traces of fortification are earthworks of considerable extent and of various forms, chiefly circular intrenchments, within which habitations of light materials appear to have been formed.
The parish, which is bounded on the west by the small river Skreen, comprises 2262 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which two-thirds are under tillage; the soil is fertile, the state of agriculture is improving, and there are quarries of lime and black stone used both for building and agricultural purposes. Taragh Hall, the property of Mrs. Barlow, and the residence of P. Lynch, Esq., is a neat mansion; and Riverstown Castle, now in ruins, is the property and was formerly a residence of the Dillon family. The living is a rectory, in the dioeese of Meath, united by act of council, in 1680, to the vicarage of Killeen and the rectory of Dunsany, and in the patronage of the Crown. The tithes amount to £200, and there is a glebe of 9 acres, valued at £22. 10. per ann., and one in the parish of Killeen of 57 acres, valued at £171 per ann.: the gross annual value of the benefice, including the glebes, amounts to £521. 10. The glebe-house, in Killeen, was built in 1813 at an expense of £1712 British, of which £100 Irish was a gift, and £750 was a loan, from the late Board of First Fruits; the residue was defrayed by the present incumbent. The church, conspicuously situated on the hill of Taragh, nearly in the centre of the parish, is in excellent repair: it was erected in 1823 at a cost of £700 Irish, of which £500 was a loan from the late Board and the residue was raised by parochial assessment. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Skreen; the chapel is a neat structure. In the parochial school, supported by subscriptions, aided by an annual donation from the incumbent, and in a school towards which -- Smith, Esq., contributes £10 per ann., about 40 children are educated. Taragh formerly gave the title of Baron to John Preston, of Bellinter, on whose death it became extinct.
TARA HILL, partly in the parish of KILKEVAN, barony of GOREY, but chiefly in that of KILTENNEL, barony of BALLAGHKEEN, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (N. E.) from Gorey; containing 471 inhabitants. It is situated near the eastern coast, and, though not of great extent or elevation, forms a conspicuous and useful landmark for mariners, with reference to the Kilgorman sands, and the new harbour of Courtown. The former is a long and narrow sand bank, extending from Kilmichael Point in a southern direction for about four miles; its southern extremity being nearly opposite the entrance to Courtown Harbour. About midway between the sand bank and the shore at the foot of Tara Hill is a smaller bank, called the Saleen patch; and a little to the north of this is an oyster bed. Building stone of excellent quality is obtained on the hill; and its summit commands extensive marine and inland views.
TARBERT, an island, in the parish of OMEY, barony of BALLYNAHINCH, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (N. W.) from Clifden: the population is returned with the parish. It is situated on the western coast, about half a mile from the shore, and comprises about 90 statute acres of arable land. Between this island and that of Rualie is a channel to Clifden for small vessels; and between Tarbert and Kingstown is a bar, passable only by small vessels at high water.
TARBERT, an inland, port and post-town, in the parish of KILNAUGHTEN, barony of IRAGHTICONNOR, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 26 miles (N. E.) from Tralee, and 126 (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 956 inhabitants. The seigniory of Tarbert, including the island of that name, was granted by Jas. I. to Patrick Crosbie, Esq., on condition of his keeping on these lands several Irish families brought hither from the King's county, which condition was fulfilled by him and the subsequent proprietors. At the Revolution the seigniory was granted to the family of Leslie. The town is advantageously situated on the southern bank of the Lower Shannon, about 35 miles below Limerick, and at the head of the bay to which it gives name; and though irregularly built it has, on the whole, a neat appearance. In 1831 it comprised 148 houses, since which period it has been much improved and enlarged by the erection of some neat dwelling-houses, and extensive corn-stores, a spacious R. C. chapel, and a national school. Being the landing-place for passengers from Dublin and Limerick to Tralee and the lakes of Killarney, and being situated on one of the high roads from Limerick to the latter places, it has a good hotel and other accommodations for travellers. Tarbert has a considerable and increasing export trade in corn, butter, pigs, and other agricultural produce raised in the surrounding district, and chiefly sent to Limerick, with which city and the town of Kilrush it has a communication, in summer daily, and in winter on alternate days, by the vessels of the Inland Steam Navigation Company: the voyage to the former place is generally performed in four hours. About 50,000 barrels of grain, and 25,000 pigs, are annually exported, and the export of butter during the season averages about 200 firkins per month. A variety of articles are imported from Limerick, and the import trade is likely to be much increased in consequence of the recent erection, by Mr. Jas. Patterson, of Kilrush, of an extensive store for general merchandise. Fairs are held on Feb. 20th, Easter-Monday, June 22nd, July 20th, Aug. 12th, and Dec. 11th. The bay of Tarbert extends between the town and an island of the same name, and being capable of affording a safe and commodious roadstead for about 150 vessels of the largest class, may be considered an asylum harbour; it is formed by a deep bight terminated by a small river flowing into it near the town, and is sheltered on the north-west side by the Island of Tarbert, which latter is however insulated only at extraordinary high water of spring tides, being connected with the mainland by a narrow causeway for foot passengers, which is proposed to be superseded by a bridge. An excellent road from the town to the island has been constructed along the shore of the bay by the Steam Navigation Company, for the convenience of passengers, there being at present no nearer point of embarkation than the inner side of the island. A pier is also in progress of erection on the south-east, side of the island, at a point recommended by Capt. Mudge in his report to the Board of Public Works, by which the company is expected to be aided in its erection, the trade of the port being at present much checked for want of such an accommodation. On the island, which is about a mile from the town, is a battery, and bomb-proof barrack mounting seven 24-pounders and two howitzers, erected, with several others, during the late continental war, for the protection of the trade of Limerick. Here is also a revenue station, under the Board of Customs, of which the establishment consists of a surveyor and six boatmen. A lighthouse (completed in 1835) has been constructed on the extreme northern point of the island, which now enables vessels to run for this anchorage at night, when driven from those of Carrigaholt and Scattery. In the town is a station of the constabulary police, and petty sessions for the district are held on alternate Tuesdays. A small but neat and substantial bridewell was erected in 1831.
The parochial church, a neat modern edifice, is situated about a quarter of a mile east of the town. The R. C. chapel is a handsome cruciform structure, lately erected at an expense of £1200: there is also a meeting house for Wesleyan Methodists. Near the town is a school on Erasmus Smith's foundation; a national school has been recently established near the chapel; and a school is held in the Wesleyan meeting-house. There is a dispensary for the poor. The shores of the bay and river are prettily wooded, and both above and below the town are embellished with several handsome seats, most of which command fine views of the Shannon and of the opposite coast of the county of Clare. Of these the principal are Tarbert House, the residence of Robt. Leslie, Esq.; Ahanna, of Pierce Leslie, Esq.; Leslie Lodge, lately the residence of another branch of that family, and now the property of Lord Haliburton; Shannon Lawn, of D. Harnett, Esq.; Clare View, of the Rev. R. Fitzgerald; Ballydonohue, of Thos. Fitzgerald, Esq.; Pyrmount, of W. Sandes, Sen., Esq.; Sallow Glen, of W. Sandes, Esq.; and Carrunakilly, of the Rev. F. Sandes. In a field near the town is a chalybeate spa, not used for medicinal purposes.
TARMONBARRY, a parish, in the barony of BALLINTOBBER, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, on the road from Strokestown to Longford; containing, with part of the market and post-town of Ruskey (which see), 4048 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the Shannon, comprises 4097 statute acres, about half being inferior arable and pasture land, and the other half consisting of unreclaimed bog. The two branches into which the Shannon is here divided are crossed by two bridges connected by a raised causeway across the intervening island, that on the Roscommon side having seven arches, and that on the Leinster side four, the whole forming a straight passage, 126 yards in length and of imposing appearance: a flat tract above the bridge is composed chiefly of the island of Cloondragh, formed by the Shannon, and by two branches of the river Camlin. At this island terminates the Royal Canal, in the navigable channel of the Camlin, which unites a little below with the Shannon. Here the Canal Company have extensive docks, basins, and warehouses, called Richmond Harbour, in honour of the Duke of Richmond, who, when Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, was present at the opening of the navigation. Tarmonbarry, however, is the name more generally given to the place, although this designation applies strictly only to the little village on the Roscommon side of the bridge, and the surrounding parish. Houses have increased on the Leinster side, where there are some considerable mills on the Camlin river, and a distillery. There are rapids in the Shannon at the bridge, which are avoided by coasting round Cloondragh Island, at the lower end of which a short canal communicates with the Shannon. The communication by water between Richmond Harbour and Dublin is frequent and regular; four merchant boats starting each week on fixed days. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Elphin, and in the patronage of the Bishop, being the corps of the prebend of Elphin; the tithes amount to £228. The glebe-house was built in 1817, by aid of a gift of £400 and a loan of £344 from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 16 acres, valued at £16 per ann., subject to a rent of £2. 2. to the Bishop. The church is a small neat building in the town of Ruskey, erected by aid of a gift of £800 from the same Board, in. 1813. The R. C. parish, also called Ruskey, is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one in Ruskey, the other at Newtown. In the parochial school about 90 children are taught: there are also six private schools, in which are educated about 440 children; and three Sunday schools. A patron is held here annually. There are remains of an old church in Killybeg, with other ecclesiastical ruins in the churchyard.
TARTARAGHAN, or the LOW PARISH, a parish, in the barony of ONEILLAND WEST, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 3 miles (N. E.) from Loughgall, on the road from Lurgan, by Verner's-Bridge, to Dungannon; containing 6321 inhabitants. This parish is bounded for a short distance on the north-east by the river Bann, and on the north-west by the river Blackwater: it formerly was part of the parish of Drumcree, from which it was separated by act of parliament in the 8th of Queen Anne, and erected into a distinct parish, comprising, according to the Ordnance survey, 11,612 statute acres, of which 2122 3/4 are in Lough Neagh, and in small lakes. The lands are chiefly under tillage; the soil is light, but fertile; and the system of agriculture is progressively improving. In the lower extremity of the parish, bordering on Lough Neagh, is a large tract of valuable bog; and there is a quarry of whinstone, which is raised chiefly for building. The principal seats are Crow Hill, the residence of J. Atkinson, Esq.; and Clantileu, of E. Obrie, Esq. About one-sixth of the population are employed in the linen manufacture. A manorial court is held at Clantileu, every third Thursday, for the recovery of debts to the amount of 40s.
The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Armagh, and in the successive patronage of the Lord-Primate, the Earl of Charlemont, and Chas. Brownlow, Esq.: the tithes amount to £276. 18. 6. The glebe-house was erected in 1775, at an expense of £523, of which £100 was a gift from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder was defrayed by the incumbent; the glebe comprises 40 statute acres, valued at £50 per annum. The church, originally built in 1712, on land given by Francis Obrie, Esq., who also endowed it with the tithes of eight townlands and gave 40 acres of land for a glebe, is now in ruins: the present church was built in 1816, for which purpose the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £800. Divine service is also performed every Sunday in summer, and on alternate Sundays in winter, in a building formerly used as a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; the chapel, a very neat edifice, is at Eglish. There is a place of worship for Presbyterians of the Seceding Synod, of the second class, and also for Wesleyan Methodists. About 260 children are taught in five public schools, of which two are supported by the rector and Mr. Obrie, and one by Col. Verner; and there are four private schools, in which are about 160 children, and four Sunday schools. Adjoining the village of Moghery, and close on the shore of Lough Neagh, are the ruins of the old church; and in the townland of Eglish is an ancient cemetery, still used as a place of sepulture. In the townland of Derrycorr is a curious ancient road, formed of large oak trees placed longitudinally with planks of cleft oak laid over them transversely, and covered with sand and gravel about a foot deep, forming a road across the bog at a considerable depth below the surface, and in an excellent state of preservation, though, from the accumulation of superincumbent bog, the timber must have remained there for many centuries. The sand and gravel were evidently brought from Lough Neagh, from portions of petrified wood and chalcedony being intermixed with them; and the road, which was recently discovered while cutting turf, is traceable for nearly two miles to the Lough, and is supposed by the peasantry to have been constructed by St. Patrick, for the purpose of conveying sand for the building of Armagh cathedral. In the year 1815 a golden gorget, weighing 12 oz. and richly chased, was found in one of these bogs, and was purchased by the Rev. F. Gervais, rector of the parish.
TASCOFFIN, a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 2 3/4 miles (N. W.) from Gowran; containing 1283 inhabitants. In 1362, James, the second Earl of Ormonde, here defeated and slew 600 of the clan or sept of the Mac Murroughs. The parish comprises 7128 statute acres; culm has been found within its limits, and was formerly worked. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Ossory, constituting the corps of the prebend of Tascoffin in the cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £185. The church was built in 1796, when the late Board of First Fruits gave £500 towards its erection, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £308 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Gowran, and contains a chapel. About 130 children are educated in three private schools.
TASHINNY, or TAGHSHINNY, a parish, partly in the barony of RATHCLINE, but chiefly in that of ABBEYSHRULE, county, of LONGFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/4 mile (S.) from Colehill, on the road from Ballymahon to Mullingar; containing 2475 inhabitants. It is situated on the river Inny, and, according to the applotment under the tithe act, comprises 4463 statute acres, valued at £4302 per annum. The land is of good quality, and chiefly in tillage: there are quarries of black stone, and some bog within the limits of the parish, through which the Royal Canal passes. At Tennelick, on the Inny, are large mills for grinding oatmeal, worked by Messrs. McCann and Sons, who generally employ more than 40 persons. Fairs are held at Tashinny on March 27th and May 28th; fairs are also held at the village of Barry, which see. The seats are Doory Hall, the residence of F. T. Jessop, Esq., situated in a fine and well-planted demesne; Colehill House, of T. Nugent Lennon, Esq.; and Hermitage, of Geo. Duff, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, united by episcopal authority to the rectory and vicarage of Abbeyshrule, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £210; and there is a glebe of 29 acres, valued at £52 per ann.; the gross annual value of the benefice, including the glebe and £14. 19. Of. from the rectorial tithes of the parish of Teighshinod, amounts to £364. 16. 10. The glebe-house was built in 1825, at an expense of £923 British, of which £230 was a gift and £507 a loan from the late Board of First Fruits. The church is a small building, without tower or steeple, erected about a century ago; it has lately undergone considerable repairs, towards which the Countess Dowager of Rosse contributed £150, Mr. Jessop £50, Mrs. Jessop £50, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners £50; it contains a handsome marble monument to the memory of Judge Gore, In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Carrickedmond, or Teighshinod. In the school at Barry, partly supported by Lady Rosse, who also partially clothes the children; a school at Doory Hall, supported by Mrs. Jessop; and separate schools for boys and girls supported by Wm. McCann, Esq., about 270 children are educated: the school-house at Doory Hall is a handsome building. Tennelick, once the residence of Lord Annaly, has long been in ruins.
TASSAGGARD.--See SAGGARD.
TAUGHBOYNE, a parish, in the barony of RAPHOE, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (W. S. W.) from Londonderry, on the road to Raphoe; containing, with the village and ancient disfranchised borough of St. Johnstown, 6335 inhabitants. St. Baithen, son of Brendan, a disciple and kinsman of St. Columb, and his successor in the abbey of Hy, founded Tegbaothin in Tyrconnell: he flourished towards the close of the sixth century. The parish, according to the Ordnance survey, comprises an area of 15,773 3/4 statute acres, including a large portion of bog: the land is chiefly arable, and of good quality. There are some extensive slate quarries, but the slates are small and of a coarse quality. The river Foyle, which bounds the parish on the east, is navigable for small boats to St. Johnstown, where a fair is held on Nov. 25th. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Abercorn: the tithes amount to £1569. 4. 7 1/2.; and the glebe, comprising 317 acres, is valued at £260. 6. 5 1/2. per annum. The glebe-house was originally built in 1785, at a cost of £1313 British, and subsequently improved at an expense of £1399 by the then incumbent. The church was erected in 1626; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £268 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Lagan, or Raymochy; the chapel was built about 50 years since. In the parochial school partly supported by an endowment of Col. Robertson, a school under the London Hibernian Society, and two schools supported by subscription, about 200 children are educated; there are also nine private schools, in which are about the same number of children, and five Sunday schools: two school-houses have been lately erected by the Marquess of Abercorn. There is a dispensary for the poor.
TAUGHBOYNE, or ARTAGH, also called TIBOHINE, a parish, in the barony of BOYLE, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, on the river Gara (also called Lung), and on the road from Boyle to Ballaghadireen and the great new western road to Ballina; containing, with the market and post-town of French-Park, and the village of Lough Glynn (both of which are separately described), 6336 inhabitants. According to Archdall, a religious establishment existed here, of which St. Baithen was Bishop in 640; the same writer also says that here was a celebrated school. The parish comprises 20,606 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; it consists for the most part of isolated hills and ridges bounded by bogs, forming altogether a wild tract, one-half bog and the other inferior land, under an unimproved system of agriculture. The river Lung rises in the parish, as does a branch of the river Suck. To the north-east of Lough-Glynn rises the high sandstone hill of Fairy Mount; and two miles west of the village are some turloughs presenting a considerable extent of water in winter, but dry in summer, of which Feigh is the principal, containing 200 acres and celebrated for the numbers of wild fowls that resort thither. The river Lung runs underground for about a mile in this vicinity. The manufacture of felt hats is carried on here. A manor court is held monthly in the parish, and petty sessions and fairs are held at French-Park; there are also fairs at Lough-Glynn. Lough-Glynn, with its lake and fine hanging woods, is the seat of Viscount Dillon; it is a large massive building, with angular bay windows, and has a noble appearance, from its situation on the northern bank of the lake, which is about an Irish mile long, having smooth green banks sloping to the water's edge, or overspread with trees, and a wooded island; on the opposite side of the lake are two ash trees of remarkable growth. About five miles west is Lough Erritt, the highly improved seat of Fitzstephen French, Esq., beautifully situated in an extensively planted demesne at the head of a lake of the same name, which covers upwards of 360 statute acres, and contains very fine fish. Cahan is the seat of C. French, Esq.; and near French-Park are Cloonshanville, the seat of J. Davis, Esq.; and Mullen, occupied by Lynch Plunkett, Esq.
The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, being the corps of the prebend of Artagh or Taughboyne, in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £347. 1. 6 1/2. The glebe-house was erected in 1819, by a gift of £400 and a loan of £340 from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 21 1/2 acres, subject to a rent of £29.15. 4. and of the same value. The church is an ancient building, remarkable for its vaulted roof; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £240 for its repair. There is a chapel of ease at Lough-Glynn. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains three chapels, at French-Park, Taughboyne, and Lough-Glynn. The school-house of the parochial free school, and 4 acres of land, were given by A. French, Esq.; and two day schools are supported by Lord Dillon; in these schools about 400 children are taught. There are also eleven private schools, in which about 500 boys and 200 girls are educated. There are dispensaries at French-Park and Lough-Glynn. Among the woods on the southern side of Lough-Glynn are remains of the old castle of that name, said to have been founded by one of the Fitzgeralds of Mayo, once a building of considerable extent and strength, defended at each angle by a tower, of which, in later times, one was used as a temporary prison. Near Lord Dillon's deer-park is a strong circular fortification on the summit of a round hill.
TAUGHEEN.--See TAGHEEN.
TAUGHSRARA.--See TESSARAGH.
TAUNAGH, a parish, in the barony of TIRAGHRILL, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 9 miles (N. N. W.) from Boyle, on the road to Sligo; containing 1568 inhabitants. This parish, situated on the river Arrow, or Unshion, which flows from Lough Arrow, comprises, as applotted under the tithe act, 2510 statute acres; it has in general a good deep soil, and contains a small quantity of bog. It is in the diocese of Elphin; the rectory forms part of the union and corps of the prebend of Kilmacallane; the vicarage, part of the union of Boyle. The tithes amount to £77. 10. 9., equally divided between the rector and the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district called Riverstown. There are remains of the old church, with a burial-ground attached; and near the mail coach road are the ruins of Bahy castle, surrounded with trees. A patron is held at Patrick's well on March 17th.
TAWNA, or TAVNA, an island, in the parish of BALLINACOURTY, barony of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 miles (S. W.) from Galway, in the bay of Galway; containing 220 inhabitants.
TAWNEY.--See TANEY.
TAXAX.--See TEIGHSASSON.
TECOLME, a parish, in the barony of BALLYADAMS, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (S. W.) from Athy, on the road from Stradbally to Carlow; containing 228 inhabitants. It is in the diocese of Leighlin; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of Thos. Fitzgerald, Esq.; the vicarage forms the corps of the prebend of Tecolme, in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £100. 7. 8 3/4., of which £66. 18. 6. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Ballyadams.
TEDONAGH.--See TYDAVNET.
TEIGHSASSON, TY-SASSION, or TAXAX, also called TISASSON, a parish, in the barony of KINSALE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/2 miles (W. N. W.) from Kinsale, on the north side of the river Bandon; containing 535 inhabitants. This parish, the name of which signifies "the Englishman's House," comprises 1320 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the soil is extremely light, and, under a good system of cultivation and by the constant application of large quantities of sea sand brought hither from the bay of Kinsale and landed at the small quays in the parish made for that purpose, produces good crops: the land is deemed valuable in consequence of its proximity to Kinsale and the facilities for procuring manure. The principal seats are Teighsasson House, the residence of J. Cummins, Esq.; Ballywilliam, of B. Barter, Esq.; Hollyhill, of C. Newman, Esq.; Ballinvolig, of Mrs. Collis; and Ballinacurra House, of J. Bleazby, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cork, and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £105. In the R. C. divisions the parish is part of the union of Kinsale. A small creek, which separates this parish from that of Clontead, penetrates a considerable distance into the land: on its southern bank are the ruins of the ancient church; and not far distant are those of White castle, which was built by the Roches in 1497, to command the landing-place, and gives name to the creek and the small village adjoining.
TEIGHSHINOD, a parish, partly in the barony of ABBEYSHRULE, but chiefly in that of MOYDOW, county of LONGFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 miles (N.) from Ballymahon; on the road to Ardagh; containing 2553 inhabitants. In the reign of King John a priory for Regular Canons, dedicated to St. Peter, was founded at Deirg by Gormgall O'Quin; at the dissolution its possessions were granted to Nicholas Aylmer. The parish comprises 5713 statute acres of land, which is in general good and chiefly in tillage; limestone is in some places found on the surface, and there is a small quantity of bog. The seats are Park, the residence of Jno. R. Robinson, Esq.; Loughin, of Mrs. Jessop; and Richmont, of Jno. Huggins, Esq., M.D., on an elevated situation commanding extensive views of the surrounding country. The parish is in the diocese of Ferns; the rectory is partly impropriate in the Countess Dowager of Rosse and Messrs. Ponsonby and Palliser, partly appropriate to the rector of Tashinny, and partly with the vicarage constitutes a portion of the union of Moydow. The tithes amount to £230. 0. 3., of which £32. 5. 9 1/4. is payable to the impropriators, £14. 19. 0 3/4. to the rector of Tashinny, and the remainder to the incumbent; the glebe, comprising 30 acres, is valued at £42. 15. 10. per annum. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Carrickedmond, comprising also the parishes of Abbeyshrule and Tashinny, and containing the chapels of Carrickedmond and Abbeyshrule, of which the former is in this parish. About 50 children are educated in a school supported from a fund at the disposal of the rector; and there is a private school of about the same number of children. There are some remains of the old castle of Mornine; and the ruins of the church and of the ancient abbey of Deirg or Darig are still in existence.
TELTOWN, or KILLALTON, a parish, in the barony of UPPER KELLS, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 3 3/4 miles (S. E.) from Kells, on the mail road from Dublin to Enniskillen; containing 1308 inhabitants. This place, under the name of Taltion, is celebrated in traditional history for the periodical assemblage of vast numbers from all parts for the purposes of traffic, sports, and social intercourse; the custom is said to have been established or revived by King Tuathal. It appears to have derived its name from St. Teallean, who founded the church called Teachtelle, or "Teallean's House." The parish, which is situated on the river Blackwater and on the Carlanstown or Rosmin river, which joins the former at Bloomsbury, comprises 4060 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; about one-third is in tillage, and the remainder, with the exception of 200 acres of bog of inferior quality, is excellent pasture and meadow land. The seats are Blooms-bury, the residence of J. Barnwall, Esq.; Teltown, of Hamlet Garnett, Esq.; and Hurdlestown, of Mrs. Rothwell. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, entirely impropriate in Dominick O'Reilly, Esq., and the representatives of Jas. C. Vincent, Esq: the tithes amount to £217. 17. 2. In the R. C. divisions, it is part of the union or district of Kilberry and Teltown, and contains a chapel, situated at Oristown. There are two R. C. schools, one of which, held at Oristown and aided by subscription, is partly free; the other is at Bloomsbury: in these schools, on an average, are about 160 children. The old burial-ground remains.
TEMPLEBEG, a parish, in the barony of KILNEMANAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S. E.) from Burris-o'-leagh, on the road from Newport to Thurles; containing 1064 inhabitants, and comprising 3029 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, entirely impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde: the tithes amount to £67. 10. In the R. C. divisions it is held with part of the parish of Toom, and contains a chapel.
TEMPLEBODANE, or DRONMOYNE, a parish, in the barony of BARRYMORE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 1/2 miles (S. E.) from Rathcormac, on the road from Midleton to Fermoy; containing 1337 inhabitants. This parish comprises 4685 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2340 per ann.: there are 3037 acres of arable and pasture land, 80 of woodland, and 56 of bog, the remainder being mountain and waste. In the hamlet of Ballinacurrig is a police station. Cadogan, the elegant residence of Dennis O'Callaghan, Esq., is situated in grounds carefully laid out; the rhododendron, planted in clusters in its native soil, flourishes in great luxuriance and beauty, and in the lower grounds is an arbor vitae of great size, also some laurels of large growth. Dunlarick, the seat of J. Barry, Esq., stands in a demesne embellished with extensive and thriving plantations, the whole of which was formerly waste land. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is appropriate to the vicars choral of Christ-Church cathedral, Dublin. The tithes, amounting to £348. 7. 4 1/4., are equally divided between the vicars choral and the vicar: there is a glebe of 9 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Lisgoold. Here is a pay school, in which are about 40 children. There are some slight remains of the castle of Rathgabbane.
TEMPLEBOY, a parish, in the barony of TYRERAGH, county of SLIGO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (E.) from Dromore-West, on the mail coach road to Ballina; containing 3787 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated at the entrance of the bay of Sligo, and includes within its limits the point or headland of Aughris, comprises 13,388 1/4 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. A large portion is mountainous, and there is a considerable tract of bog; the land is generally of good quality and principally under tillage, but the system of agriculture is not improved. There are quarries of stone of good quality for building, and also of slate. The principal seats are Sea View House, the residence of W. H. Hillas, Esq.; Cork Hill, of Capt. Moore; Grange, of J. Black, Esq.; and Donahantra, of V. Jones, Esq. The entrance of the bay of Sligo, from the headland of Aughris to the point of Rinoran, is about five miles wide; and the shores of the parish, which are bold and rocky, are curiously indented with natural caverns excavated by the action of the waves. One of these, called Seals' Hole, from the number of seals which frequent it, is nearly half a mile in length, rising in some parts more than 15 feet above the water, which rushes into it with great violence. The cavern called Khoran-dhun., or "the iron chest," extends to a considerable distance under the cliff, and is frequently visited by strangers; a small landing-place has been made near it by the coast-guard, enabling small fishing boats from the Donegal coast to land in safety. At Pullendiva is a coast-guard station, one of the five that constitute the district of Sligo. A manorial court is held at Sea View House. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killala, forming part of the union of Kilmacshalgan; the rectory is impropriate in R. W. Hillas, Esq., of Dublin. The tithes amount to £560, of which £350 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church. There are five private schools, in which are about 300 children. A priory of Augustine canons was founded in 1280, at Akeras, otherwise Kilmantine, by the family of Mac Donald, the prior of which was, in 1544, consecrated Bishop of Elphin. In a field near Grange a gold signet ring, weighing nearly an ounce, was dug up by a labourer, some years since, and is now in the possession of Mr. Thomas Hillas, late of Sea View House.
TEMPLEBREADY, or TEMPLEBRIDGET, also called ST. MATTHEW AND ST. BRIDGET, a parish, in the barony of KERRYCURRIHY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles from Carrigaline; containing 1789 inhabitants. In 1589, Sir Francis Drake, with a squadron of five ships of war, being chased into Cork harbour by a Spanish fleet, sailed up the river Ounabuoy, or Yellow river, under the lee of Currabinny hill; the Spaniards followed, but Sir Francis having sailed up this winding estuary, anchored safely a little off the north-western shore of the parish, and the pursuers returned without their expected prize. The parish is bounded on the north by the estuary called Cross-Haven, or river of Ounabuoy or Awenbuoy, forming a peninsula between Cork harbour and the Atlantic ocean, at the entrance of the Cove of Cork: it comprises 2900 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2466 per annum. The land is generally very productive, the soil being deep, on a substratum of clay-slate, and, with the exception of the plantations in the demesnes of Hodderfield, Cross Haven House, and Aghamarta, it is almost wholly under tillage. About two-thirds of the parish being surrounded by the sea, there is a portion of waste near the rocks, besides which there is no waste land incapable of tillage; some is covered with a light herbage depastured by sheep. The Awenbuoy is navigable for lighters and small sloops, and on the south is the Atlantic ocean, in which is Ringabella bay, where sloops can enter at spring tides, and discharge coal, &c., at 1s. per ton less than in the harbour, owing to exemption from dues. The substratum is of the schistose formation, changing through all the varieties of transition rocks, strangely mixed with argillaceous grit, which alternates in a remarkable manner; some of this stone is procured for building, but it is very porous and soft. Quarries of indifferent slate are partially worked near Hoddersfield, and at Myrtle Ville; and in several places in the eastern part of the parish is good manganese; that near the surface, being in a state of decomposition, has prevented any efforts being made to search for the mines. From the elevated grounds near the church are extensive and magnificent views of the town of Cove and the villages of Monkstown, Whitegate, &c., with the delightful scenery along the shores of the river Lee. On the eastern point of land, at the entrance to Cork harbour, is Camden Fort, at present under the care of a master-gunner and five men only. The gentlemen's seats are Hoddersfield, the residence of Col. Hodder, a handsome house beautifully situated in a domain of 647 acres, embellished with extensive plantations rising above the Awenbuoy, whence the drive to the house is a mile and a half long through a picturesque glen; Agamarta Castle, of Carew O'Grady, Esq., on an estate of about 800 acres, extending along the south bank of the Awenbuoy, and extensively planted; Cross-haven House, of T. Hayes, Esq., a spacious and handsome structure on the margin of the harbour, and in the midst of a fine old wood; Myrtle Ville, of Dr. Shea; and several ornamental cottages, chiefly occupied in the summer as bathing-lodges.
The living is a rectory and perpetual cure, in the diocese of Cork; the rectory has been united time immemorially to the rectories of Cullen and Templemartin, which three parishes constitute the union and corps of the deanery of St. Finbarr's, Cork, in the patronage of the Crown; the perpetual cure is in the gift of the Dean. The tithes amount to £200, of which £160. 7. 2. is payable to the dean, and £39. 12. 10. (being the tithes of the demesne of Hoddersfield) to the perpetual curate, who has also 12 acres of glebe and the glebe-house. The church is a large edifice, in the early English style of architecture, with a turret and spire, erected in 1778, near the site of a former church; its situation is remarkable, on the summit of the highest ridge that rises west of the mouth of the harbour, and, being whitewashed, it forms a conspicuous and well-known land-mark. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Carrigaline; the chapel is a large plain building. The male and female parochial school is in the village of Crosshaven, and is supported by the perpetual curate; in the chapel-yard is a school under the National Board. The castle of Aghamarta, in the demesne of Carew O'Grady, Esq., was built by the first Earl of Desmond; it stands on the verge of a beautiful and picturesque glen, and consists of a tower, 52 feet high, partly square and partly octagonal: on the west side are the fragments of a building of two stories; the upper one, which is unroofed, was lighted by two large semicircular windows on each side: this part of the building, formerly much more extensive, was taken down by a late tenant, and the materials used in the erection of a house and cottages on the estate. On the eastern point of land, close to the inner harbour, was a nearly perfect tumulus, which has been almost obliterated by the excavations for Camden Fort.
TEMPLEBREDIN, a parish, partly in the barony of CLANWILLIAM, county of TIPPERARY, and partly in that of COONAGH, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (N. W. by W.) from Tipperary; containing 1353 inhabitants, of which number, 683 are in that part of the parish which is in the county of Limerick. The land is equally divided between tillage and pasture, with the exception of a small portion of bog, which supplies the tenantry with fuel. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Emly, and in the patronage of the Crown, during the legal incapacity of the Earl of Kenmare; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde. The tithes amount to £142. 10., of which £18 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Pallasgreine. There are three private schools, in which are about 180 children.
TEMPLEBRYAN, a parish, in the Eastern Division of the barony of EAST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (N. N. W.) from Clonakilty, on the old road to Bandon; containing 496 inhabitants. It comprises 957 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, the gross annual value being £800: the soil is generally light, and that portion of it which is well cultivated is very productive; on the waste land is some excellent turbary. It is in the diocese of Ross; the rectory is appropriate to the see, and the vicarage forms the corps of the prebend thereof in the cathedral of Ross, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £134. 13. 11., of which £60 is payable to the prebendary, and the remainder to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The Protestant inhabitants attend divine worship at the church of Clonakilty. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Clonakilty. On the summit of a gentle eminence are the ruins of the ancient parochial church, of which the foundations and part of the walls only remain: in the burial-ground is the shaft of a cross, 11 feet high, set up by the Knights Templars in 1303, who at the period had possession of the whole parish, and from whom it received its present name. Nearly adjoining the ruins of the church is a small circular building, resembling a round tower, but it is not more than six feet in diameter: and in an adjacent field are the remains of a very extensive heathen temple; six of the stones still exist, the centre one being of white quartz and much larger than the rest. This monument of antiquity, near which is a spacious cave, is described in the Philosophical Transactions, No. 471, A. D. 1742, by the then Bishop of Clogher.
TEMPLECARNE, or TEMPLECOIN, a parish, partly in the barony of LURG, county of FERMANAGH, but chiefly in the barony of TYRHUGH, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 4 miles (W.) from Kesh; containing 5461 inhabitants. The parish, which is also called Termoncerin-Magrath, from its having been the residence of Magrath, the first Protestant bishop of Clogher, is bounded on the south by Lough Erne, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 45,868 statute acres, of which 7719 are in the county of Fermanagh. Of these, 2140 1/2 are in Lough Derg, which is wholly within the parish; 4400 are in Lower Lough Erne, and 1085 1/2 are in small loughs. About three-fourths of the land consist of heathy mountain, affording during the summer only a scanty pasturage to a few black cattle; the remainder, with the exception of a moderate portion of meadow, is principally under tillage. The soil is but indifferent, and the system of agriculture backward; though some improvement has taken place in the low lands, its general progress has been greatly retarded by the want of convenient roads through the mountainous district. Limestone abounds, and is quarried for agricultural uses; there are also large quarries of excellent freestone, of mill-stones of peculiar hardness, and of a coarse kind of dark marble; iron ore is found here, and mines were formerly worked to advantage. The rivers Pettigoe, Omna, Letter, and Rossharbor, all of which abound with trout, pike, and eels, intersect the parish in various directions and fall into Lough Erne. The principal mountains, among which are some small lakes well stored with fish, are Crocknacunny, Minchifin, Rushen, and Rossharbor. Lough Derg, a noble expanse of water, bordering on the eastern confines of the county of Donegal, is thickly studded with picturesque islands, of which the chief are Saints' Island, called also St. Dabeoc's, or St. Fintan's island, from the supposed founder of a monastery upon it, of which there are some remains; Turres or Station island, so called from its being the resort of pilgrims on penance; Innishtoesk, and Goat, Eagle, Ash, Kelly's, Grouse, Lodge, and the Prior's islands. The shores of the lake are precipitously steep, except in that part where the ferry-boat plies to convey visiters to the several islands; and the scenery of the parish is strikingly diversified. Waterfoot, the residence of Lieut.-Col. Barton, is pleasantly situated. Fairs are held on the 25th of every month except December, in which month the fair is held on the Wednesday next before Christmas-day, for cattle, sheep, pigs, and linen yarn. A manorial court and petty sessions are held every other week.
The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Clogher, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £300. The glebe-house was built in 1813, at an expense of £978. 9. 2 3/4., of which £623. 1. 6 1/2. was a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder was defrayed by the then incumbent: the glebe comprises 141 acres of good land, valued at £176. 16. 8. per annum. The church, situated at Pettigoe, is a small, old, and dilapidated structure, towards the rebuilding of which Mrs. Leslie (the proprietor of the estate), the rector, and the Protestant parishioners have contributed a large sum; and a subscription has been raised to build a chapel of ease about four miles from the town. In the R. C. divisions the parish, called also Pettigoe, is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Belleek. There are two chapels in this parish; one at Pettigoe, a large and well-built edifice; and one about four miles from the town, on the Strabane road: there is also a chapel in the parish of Belleek. In the town there is a place of worship for Presbyterians of the Seceding Synod; and near it, though within the verge of the adjoining parish, are two for Wesleyan Methodists. About 460 children are taught in four public schools, of which the parochial school is supported by the rector, and others by Mrs. Leslie; and there are four private schools, in which are about 250 children, and five Sunday schools. Near the glebe-house are the ruins of an ancient castle, said to have been the residence of the first Protestant Bishop of Clogher; it was battered by Ireton in the parliamentary war, from the neighbouring hill, on which are still traces of the works thrown up by that officer. There are also several Danish raths and mineral springs in the parish. On Saints' Island, in Lough Derg, are the remains of an Augustinian priory, dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, the foundation of which is ascribed to St. Dabeoc, brother of St. Canoe, who flourished towards the close of the fifth century; notwithstanding its celebrity, it was plundered and reduced to ashes by Bratachus O'Boyle and McMahon, in 1207. It was subject to the great abbey of Armagh, and for several ages was celebrated for its miraculous cell, called St. Patrick's purgatory, an invention attributed to a saint of that name who was prior here in the ninth century: this cell was much resorted to by pilgrims from all parts of Europe, who were supposed to suffer in imagination, while lying within its narrow precincts, all the pains endured by the wicked in the purgatory of the Romish church. Its proximity to the shore, with which it was connected by a neck of land, affording too great facility of access, the cave was stopped up, and another opened in a smaller island, now called the Station Island, about half a mile from the shore, to which access is obtained by a ferry boat constantly plying for that purpose. Such was the reputation this place maintained, that safeguards were frequently granted by the Kings of England to foreigners of distinction who came to visit it; among others to Raymond, Viscount de Perilleux, and Knight of Rhodes, with a train of 20 men and 30 horses, in 1397. This purgatory was repeatedly suppressed by the Popes, and also by the Lords-Justices of Ireland, who banished the friars and broke up the cell; but it was as frequently revived, and is still visited by multitudes of pilgrims, who assemble here during what is called "the station," which commences on the first of June and continues to the 15th of August, during which time the friars are constantly engaged in hearing confessions, enjoining penance, and performing other devotional rites. The number annually resorting hither during that period exceeds 10,000; each pays the ferryman 6 1/2 d. for taking him to the island and bringing him back; and the proprietor of the lake receives £165 per annum for allowing the ferryman to ply. The term of continuance on the island is three, six, or nine days, and each pilgrim spends the last twenty-four hours of his term in the chapel of the purgatory, which receives light only from a small window in one of the angles. About ten years since a boat having eighty pilgrims on board swamped and went to the bottom, and only three of the number were saved; the bodies of the rest were afterwards found and interred on Saints' Island.
TEMPLECORRAN, or BROAD ISLAND, a parish, in the barony of LOWER BELFAST, county of ANTRIM, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (N. E.) from Carrickfergus, on the road from Belfast to Larne, and on Lough Larne; containing, with the village of Ballycarry (which is separately described), 1338 inhabitants. In 1597 a battle was fought at the highly romantic vale called Old Mill Glen, near Ballycarry, between the MacQuillans and MacDonnells, in which the former were defeated; and in November of the same year another took place on the same spot between the MacDonnells and Sir John Chichester, in which the latter was slain and his army cut to pieces. This parish, which is also called, after the name of the village, Ballycarry, comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 4744 1/4 statute acres, in a high state of cultivation. The system of husbandry is in a very improved state, and has been much promoted by the present proprietor, who is a practical and spirited agriculturist. Limestone and basalt are found in great abundance. Red Hall, the seat of G. Kerr, Esq., is an elegant mansion with a fine demesne. The spinning of yarn and the weaving of linen cloth are carried on. A court is held for the manor of Broad Island by the seneschal of Marriot Dalway, Esq., for the recovery of debts and determination of pleas to the amount of £20; its jurisdiction extends over this parish and that of Kilroot. Fairs are held at Ballycarry.
It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Connor, forming part of the union of Ballynure and of the corps of the prebend of Kilroot in the cathedral of Connor; the rectory is impropriate in D. Kerr, Esq. The tithes amount to £347. 1. 6., of which £231. 7. 8. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. The church, originally a spacious and handsome cruciform structure, is now a ruin; it was at one time occupied by the Presbyterians, since whose ejectment it has not been used as a place of worship. There are chapels for Presbyterians, Independents, and Methodists; the first is in connection with the Remonstrant Synod, and of the first class. There are two national schools, situated at Ballycarry and Windygap, in which are about 120 children; and a private school of 10 girls. R. G. Kerr, Esq., in 1825, bequeathed £200 in trust to the vicar and the senior Presbyterian minister, to divide the interest among the poor. There is a curious hollow cave, called the Salt Hole, into which rushes a large stream of water which is not found again; and in the grounds of Red Hall is a glen of very extraordinary character. The Rev. Mr. Bryce, minister of the first Presbyterian congregation established in Ireland, lived and was buried here: and over the remains of a poet, known only as the Bard of Ballycarry, a monument has been raised.
TEMPLECROAN, a parish, in the barony of BOYLAGH, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER; containing, with the post-town of Dungloe and the islands of Arranmore and Rutland (which are separately described), 8198 inhabitants. The parish is situated on the north-western coast, and is bounded on the north by the Gwidore river; it comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 52,921 statute acres, of which 989 1/2 are in the tideway of the Gwidore, and 2896 in lakes. Within its limits is the greater part of the district called "the Rosses," consisting of a dreary wilderness of rugged mountain wastes and heaths broken on the west into abrupt rocky heights, and including many islands separated by inlets of the sea. Some of these islands are thinly covered on the summits with moss and heath, and a few present specimens of verdure produced by cultivation; Arranmore, the largest, forms a shelter for the rest and a barrier against the western ocean. On the shores of Cruit grows a kind of long and broad-leaved grass having a saline taste, which the cattle readily feed on at ebb tide. The district is unfavourable either for grazing or tillage; the produce raised is inconsiderable and. there is often a scarcity of food. Throughout the parish agriculture is in a very backward condition, the greater portion of the land consisting of sands, mountain rocks, and bog: the mountain of Crovehy rises 1033 feet above the level of the sea. Indications of iron ore may be observed in the precipitous face of the mountains. Petty sessions are held at Dungloe, at which place there is a constabulary police station. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Marquess of Conyngham; the tithes amount to £235. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £100, in 1763, from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 815 acres, valued at £152. 16. 3. per ann. The church is a small plain building, erected in 1760 by aid of a gift of £400 from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Lettermacward, and is partly a district in itself: it contains three good, plain, slated chapels, one at Dungloe belonging to Lettermacward; the others in Arranmore and Kincaslagh, belonging to Templecroan. There are two parochial schools, situated at Dungloe and Carrenbuoy, aided by annual donations from Col. Robertson's fund and from the rector, who also contributes to the support of two schools at Maghera and Dungloe: in these schools are about 160 children. There are also six private schools, in which are about 120 children. A dispensary is supported at Dungloe. Here are the ruins of the ancient castle of Dungloe, near which have been brought up out of the sea several brass cannon, bearing the Spanish arms, said to have belonged to the Armada.
TEMPLEDERRY, a parish, in the barony of UPPER ORMOND, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. E.) from Nenagh; containing 1857 inhabitants. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £157. 9. 3 3/4. The church is a small building in good repair. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Kilnanave, in which union are three chapels, two in Templederry and one in Kilnanave. There are six private schools, in which are about 320 children.
TEMPLEDOWNEY, a parish, in the barony of UPPER ORMOND, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (S. E.) from Nenagh, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Limerick; containing 475 inhabitants. Pallas, the seat of J. Short, Esq., is in this parish. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Ballymackey: the tithes amount to £83. 1. 6 1/2. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Aghnamadle, also called Toomavara. The chapel is a neat building in the village of Toomavara. Knockane castle is situated on an eminence, and forms a landmark, though in ruins.
TEMPLE-ERRY, or TEMPLEREE, a parish, in the barony of IKERRIN, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Templemore, on the road to Johnstown; containing 1415 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated on the river Suir, comprises 2871 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, and in the patronage of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £207. 18. 10 1/4. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Loughmore and Castle-Inney; the chapel is a handsome building of recent erection. About 60 children are educated in a private school. Some vestiges of the old church still exist.
TEMPLEFINLAGAN.--See TAMLAGHTFINLAGAN.
TEMPLEGALL, county of CORK.--See WHITE-CHURCH.
TEMPLEHARRY, a parish, partly in the barony of IKERRIN, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, but chiefly in that of CLONLISK, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (N. W.) from Moneygall, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Limerick, and on the small river Ollitrim (which forms its boundary on the south-west); containing 1156 inhabitants, and comprising 6480 statute acres, of which 3564 are reclaimable bog. Agriculture is greatly improved; there is abundance of limestone. Emell Castle, the seat of J. Stoney, Esq., commands from its summit a very extensive view; at its rear is the ancient castle. Ballintemple is the residence of R. Burriss, Esq.; Foxborough, of the Rev. J. G. Purcell; Clonlohan, of the Rev. J. Studdart; Rathfenny, of M. Andrews, Esq.; and Silver Hill, of Mrs. Smith. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, episcopally united, in 1799, to the rectory and vicarage of Cullenwayne, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £141. 14. 9., and the entire tithes of the union to £369. 4. 7 1/4. The glebe-house was erected by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £184, in 1812, from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 12 acres. The church is a plain modern structure, built by aid of a loan of £200 from the same Board, in 1814. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Dunkerrin. The parochial schools at Parke, in which are about 80 children, are aided by private subscriptions; the school-house is an excellent slated building, with accommodations for the master and mistress, erected at an expense of £150, of which £100 was a grant from the Lord-Lieutenant's school fund. There are two other schools, in which 90 children are taught. The remains of the ancient church and glebe-house, being situated on an eminence, have a picturesque appearance. Here is the remarkable rath called Wolfe Hill, near which is a pass through a bog, formerly thickly wooded, in which a large party of the army of Wm. III. was destroyed by the O'Carrolls, the native sept of this district, from which circumstance the spot has since been called the "bloody Togher."
TEMPLEICHALLY, or TEMPLEKELLY, also called CALLATHAMERY, a parish, in the barony of OWNEY and ARRA, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 1/4 of a mile (E.) from Killaloe, on the road to Limerick, and on the river Shannon; containing 4724 inhabitants. The land is mostly in tillage; there is some hog on the mountains. There are good quarries of grit-stone, which is used extensively for building. A slate quarry is worked at Ryninch; and the Derry slate quarries, situated in this parish, were formerly very extensively worked. Derry Castle, the seat of M. P. Head, Esq., is situated in a noble demesne abounding with remarkably fine old timber; the scenery in its vicinity is extremely beautiful, and the Shannon bounds the demesne on the west. The other seats are Derry Ville, the residence of J. Salmon, Esq.; Ryninch, of J. O'Brien, Esq.; Fort Henry, of Finch White, Esq.; and Shannon View, of H. Franks, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Emly, forming part of the union of Kilmastulla: the tithes amount to £406. 3. 1. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising this parish and that of Kilmastulla, and called Ballina; in each of the parishes is a chapel. There are six private schools, in which are about 790 children, and a Sunday school. On the Upper Killary mountain, a son of one of the Kings of Leinster was buried: on an island in the Shannon, opposite the ruins of the old church, are some remains of a monastery; and on the north side of the bridge at Ballina are the ruins of a castle, built most probably to defend the passage of the river.
TEMPLE-KIERAN, a parish, in the barony of SKREEN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S. E.) from Navan, near the mail-coach road from Dublin to Enniskillen; containing 393 inhabitants. This parish comprises, with the chapelry of Lismullen, 1957 3/4 statute acres of good land. It is a chapelry, in the diocese of Meath, forming part of the union of Skreen: the tithes, including those of Lismullen, amount to £130. The church is a neat modern structure, erected in 1811 by parochial assessment, and a loan of £461 from the late Board of First Fruits. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Skreen.
TEMPLEMALY, a parish, in the barony of BUNRATTY, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N.) from Ennis, near the road to Corofin; containing 1554 inhabitants. This parish, which, though only about one mile broad, is nearly five miles long, comprises 3781 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: within its limits are several lakes, and about 100 acres of bog; one of the lakes, which abounds with fish and contains a small island, is supposed to have a subterraneous communication with another lake, about a mile and a half distant. It is a rectory and vicarage in the diocese of Killaloe; the rectory forming part of the rectorial union of Ogashin, and the vicarage part of the vicarial union of Dromcliffe. The tithes amount to £105. 16. 9., of which £49. 16. 11. is payable to the rector, and the remainder to the vicar. There is a small glebe of about one acre. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Dowry, or Doora. About 60 children are educated in a school held in a house given rent-free by Mrs. Craven. The ruins of the ancient church still exist.
TEMPLEMARTIN, a parish, in the barony of KINALMEAKY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (N.) from Bandon, on the road from Kinsale to Macroom; containing 2730 inhabitants. It comprises 7423 statute acres, of which about 330 are common; about one-tenth is pasture, one-twentieth bog (affording a good supply of fuel), and the remainder under tillage, being generally poor and stony ground. At Lisnegat is a large power-loom factory for spinning cotton, employing about 100 persons. At Mosstown there was formerly a distillery and it was subsequently a brewery, but it has long been discontinued. Fairs are held at Mossgrove on March 17th, Corpus-Christi day, Sept. 2nd, and Dec. 8th, chiefly for cattle. The gentlemen's seats are Mount Pleasant, the residence of H. Baldwin, Esq., a handsome mansion on a commanding eminence in a highly improved demesne; Gurrane, a newly erected and handsome house, near the old family mansion, the residence of J. Splaine, Esq.; Mossgrove, of S. Baldwin, Esq.; Scartnamuck, of B. Popham, Esq.; Old Park, of H. Gillman, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. F. C. Sullivan. The living is a rectory and perpetual cure, in the diocese of Cork; the rectory forming part of the union of Templebready and of the corps of the deanery of St. Finbarr's, Cork; the perpetual curacy is in the gift of the Dean. The tithes amount to £519, of which £500 is payable to the dean, and £19 to the perpetual curate, who also receives £30 per ann. from Primate Boulter's augmentation fund. The glebe-house was built by aid of a gift of £450 and a loan of £50, in 1815, from the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe comprises 16 1/4 acres. The church is a plain building, with a square tower 50 feet high, erected by aid of a gift of £500, in 1793, from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Templemartin, Killowen, and part of Kilbrogan: the chapel is a small plain edifice. The male and female parochial school, in which are about 30 children, is aided by the dean and local subscriptions, and has a house and an acre of land rent-free from the Duke of Devonshire: there is also a private school, in which are about 40 children, and a Sunday school is superintended by the curate. At Gurrane are the ruins of an old fortified mansion of the Baldwins, who acquired the estate by purchase from the Maskelyne family, in 1612: it appears to have been surrounded by a wall, in the angles of which, and at one end of the house, were round turrets three of which are standing. A subterraneous passage leading from the house to the adjacent bog is still visible, the entrance to which was by an aperture covered by the hearth-stone of a room on the ground floor. There are also many Danish raths in the parish, one on the lands of Gurrane, including three acres, and surrounded by three ramparts and a fosse; another at Castle-Lac, where are four upright stones of clay-slate, respectively 12, 9, and 6 feet high; they are supposed to be druidical, or to have been erected to commemorate a victory obtained here by the Danes in 968. On the same ploughland was formerly a castle, now quite demolished.
TEMPLEMARTIN, or ST. MARTIN, a parish, in the barony of GOWRAN, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/4 miles (E.) from Kilkenny, on the road to Dublin; containing 17 inhabitants, and comprising 747 statute acres. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, entirely appropriate to the vicars choral of the cathedral of St. Canice, Kilkenny; the tithes amount to £77. 6. 8. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of St. Canice.
TEMPLEMICHAEL, county of CORK.--See MICHAEL (ST.).
TEMPLEMICHAEL, a parish, partly in the barony of LONGFORD, but chiefly in that of ARDAGH, county of LONGFORD, and province of LEINSTER, on the main road from Dublin to Sligo, and on the river Camlin; containing (with the town of Longford), 8319 inhabitants. This parish comprises 7925 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and is principally under tillage, though there is a great quantity of bog. Here are quarries of the best description of limestone. Great facilities for the transport of provisions and merchandise are provided by the Royal Canal, which at present ends here. The seats are Clonbalt, the property of the Earl of Belmore, though now occupied by -- Armstrong, Esq.; and Carrickglass, of the Rt. Hon. T. Lefroy, LL.D. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ardagh, united by episcopal authority to the rectory of Ballymacormick, and part of the vicarage of Killoe, denominated Upper Killoe, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £369. 4. 8.; and the gross value of the benefice, tithes and glebe inclusive, is £1170. 3. The Commissioners of Ecclesiastical Inquiry recommend that this union be entirely dissolved on the next avoidance, and that each parish may form a separate living. The glebe-house is beautifully situated about half a mile from the church, and near the river Camlin, which flows through the demesne; it was built in 1760, and for its improvement various sums were expended between 1763 and 1795, amounting altogether to £2314. There are two glebes in the parish, one of 108 acres, on which the glebe is situated, the other of 35 acres at Lisserdowling; also a glebe of 34 1/4 acres in the parish of Ballymacormick, and one of 79 1/4 acres in that of Killoe, the latter of which is subject to a quit-rent of £2. 16. 6.: the total value of the glebes of the union is £491. 8. 4. per annum. The church at Longford is a spacious edifice, with a tower and spire; it was repaired and enlarged in 1812, at a cost of £3221 British, being a loan from the late Board of First Fruits; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £249 for its further repair: there are also churches in each of the other parishes of the union. In the R. C. divisions the parish is in the union or district of Longford, comprising this parish and that of Ballymacormick, and containing two chapels, one in the town of Longford, and the other at Strand in Ballymacormick. In Longford are two chapels for Wesleyan Methodists and Presbyterians. The parochial female school is under the patronage of the Countess of Longford; in Longford is a school on Erasmus Smith's foundation; a school at Carrickglass is supported by Miss Lefroy; at Longford and Cooleney are national schools; and an infants' and another school are aided by subscriptions. There is also a large Sunday school, held in the church. The County Infirmary, near the town, has 28 beds, besides a very large attendance of extern patients, who are provided with advice and medicine. There is a bequest for the poor, called the "Charleton Money." In the townland of Lisserdowling is a moat which is supposed to form the central spot of Ireland. Near the town is a chalybeate spa; and on the glebe of Templemichael are the ruins of an old church.
TEMPLEMICHAEL, or TEMPLEMIHILL, a parish, in the barony of SLIEVARDAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 1/4 miles (N.) from Carrick-on-Suir, on the river Lingan; containing 796 inhabitants. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Lismore, forming part of the union of Dysart: the tithes amount to £196. 18. 3.
TEMPLEMICHAEL, a parish, in the barony of COSHMORE and COSHBRIDE, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (N. N. W.) from Youghal, on the road from Two-mile-Bridge to Clashmore; containing 2573 inhabitants. This parish is bounded on the east by the navigable river Blackwater, and on the south by the river Touro, which is navigable for lighters. On Molana, formerly an island, but now united with the mainland, an Augustinian monastery was founded in the 5th century by St. Molanfide, who became its first abbot, and in which Raymond le Gros, the companion of Strongbow, was interred. At the dissolution it was granted, with the lands of Ballinatray and Rhincrew, to Sir Walter Raleigh, by whom they were assigned to the Earl of Cork. The parish comprises 9000 statute acres, of which about 400 are woodland, 900 bog, and 7700 arable and pasture; the land is of good quality and principally under tillage, and the scenery is pleasingly diversified and embellished with woods and thriving plantations. Ballynatray, the seat of R. Smyth, Esq., is finely situated in a highly improved demesne, comprising nearly 1500 acres; the deer-park is well stocked, and the grounds are tastefully disposed and enriched with flourishing plantations. The other seats are Cherrymount, the occasional residence of Capt. Parker, R. N.; Garryduff, of H. Garde, Esq.; Woodview, of Col. Uniacke; Templemichael House, of Capt. Armstrong; and Newtown, of N. P. Stout, Esq.; there are also several other respectable houses in the parish. A constabulary police force is stationed here.
The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, united to that of Kilcockan, and in the patronage of the Duke of Devonshire; the rectory is impropriate in R. Smyth, Esq. The tithes amount to £660. 14. 6., of which £440. 9. 8. is payable to the impropriator, and £220. 4. 10. to the vicar; the entire tithes of the benefice amount to £317. 9. 7 1/2. The church is a neat edifice, rebuilt in 1823 on the site of the ancient structure, towards which the late Board of First Fruits gave £100. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union, called also Knockanore, and comprising the parishes of Templemichael, Kilcockan, and Kilwatermoy; there are three chapels. About 170 children are taught in two public schools, of which the parochial school is wholly supported by Mr. and the Hon. Mrs. Smyth, who also clothe the children; there is also a Sunday school. The remains of St. Molanfide's abbey are very extensive, and being thickly overspread with ivy have a very picturesque and interesting appearance; they are preserved with great care; in the interior is a modern statue of the founder, habited in the costume of his order, erected on a pedestal. A little below these remains are the ruins of the castle of Templemichael, which appears to have been demolished by gunpowder; and a little to the south on an eminence called Rhincrew, are the ruins of another building, which appears to have been destroyed by similar means.
TEMPLEMICHAEL, a parish, in the barony of ARKLOW, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (N.) from Arklow: containing 360 inhabitants. It was separated from Arklow by act of council in 1833, and is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin and Glendalough, forming part of the union of Kilbride. The church is in ruins. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Newbridge and Baranisky, and contains a chapel.
TEMPLEMICHAEL-DE-DUAGH, a parish, in the barony of KINNALEA, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/2 miles (E.) from Innishannon, on the road from Cork to Kinsale; containing 764 inhabitants. This parish comprises 2128 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £1640 per annum. The land is generally very good, the soil deep, and based upon a substratum of clay slate; agriculture is rapidly improving under the spirited exertions of some of the resident gentry; the chief manure is sea-sand, brought up the Bandon river and landed at the quays near Innishannon: about one-half of the land is under tillage, producing crops of corn and potatoes, the remainder being pasture, except about 20 acres of valuable bog. There are several handsome houses: the principal are Coolcullitagh, the residence of R. Jefford, Esq.; Farthingstown, of J. Haines, Esq.; Hawthorn Hill, of J. Godwin, Esq.; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. W. R. Meade. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cork, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £245. 10. 9 1/2. The glebe-house was built by aid of a gift of £300 and a loan of £500, in 1816, from the late Board of First Fruits; the glebe comprises 6 acres. The church is a small handsome edifice, in the early English style, built in 1809 by aid of a gift of £600 from the same Board. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Ballynabog. The parochial school adjoins the church, and is supported by the rector, who also provides a house rent-free for the master; about 40 children are educated in it.
TEMPLEMOLOGGA, or MOLOGGA, also called NONANE, a parish, in the barony of CONDONS and CLONGIBBONS, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/4 miles (N. W.) from Mitchelstown, near the road to Kildorrery; containing 1876 inhabitants. It comprises 3628 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2430 per ann., consisting partly of coarse mountain pasture and bog, and partly of arable land, which is tolerably good. For all civil purposes the small parish of Ahacross has merged into this parish, into which is supposed to have also merged the ancient ecclesiastical parish of Rogericalvi, still retained in the incumbent's title as a vicarage. Near the ruins of the old church of Mologga is a beautiful cottage, lately erected by the Hon. Robert King, as a summer residence. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cloyne, forming part of the union of Clenore: the tithes amount to £179. 14. 5. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Kildorrery; the chapel at Coolbohoga, a small plain edifice, is about to be rebuilt. The ruins of a second church exist at Laba Mologga, which is supposed to have been formerly a distinct parish.
TEMPLEMORE, a parish, in the North-west liberties of the city of LONDONDERRY, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER; containing, with the city of Londonderry, 19,620 inhabitants, of which number, 10,130 are in the city. This parish, also called Templederry, and more anciently Derry, or Derry Columbkille, derives its name Ternplemore, "the Great Church," from the cathedral of Derry, to which that name had been applied, in a popular acceptation, to distinguish it from the smaller churches in its immediate vicinity, and, after the cathedral had been used as the parish church, the name was extended to the parish. The most ancient name of the district in which it was situated was Moy-Iha, "the Plain of Ith," uncle of Milesius, whose sons led into Ireland the celebrated colony that bore his name. This district, which comprehended the tract between Loughs Foyle and Swilly, and extended as far south as the river Fin, was afterwards divided between Owen and Enda, the two sons of Nial of the Nine Hostages, under the names of Inis-Owen, "Owen's Island," and Tir-Enda, "Enda's Territory." Previously to the 12th century, Moy-Iha was occupied by a branch of the Kinel-Owen, called Clan-Conor, of which the most distinguished families were those of O'Cathan, O'Cairellan, O'Murry, O'Kennedy, O'Corran, O'Quin, and O'Dugan, most of whom having crossed the Foyle into Derry, their places here were occupied by the Kinel-Moen, another branch of the Kinel-Owen, of whom the O'Gormlys and O'Loonys were chiefs: these in turn were driven across the Foyle by the Kinel-Connell in the loth century. From inquisitions taken in the reign of Jas. I. it appears that about half the parish was then considered to belong to Inishowen, or O'Dogherty's country; that Sir John O'Dogherty had several townlands now in Templemore, which were included in a regrant of Inishowen made to him on a surrender in the 30th of Elizabeth: he forfeited this property in 1599 by rebellion, but it was re-granted to his son, Sir Cahir O'Dogherty, with the exception of some townlands reserved for the fort of Culmore. In 1608, Sir Cahir also rebelled, in consequence of which all his estates were granted to Arthur, Lord Chichester, of Belfast, who leased them to Sir Faithful Fortescue, Arthur Ussher, Tristram Beresford, and Chas. Pointz. Of the 24 townlands into which the parish is now divided, one, on which is the fort of Culmore, belongs to the King; one to Capt. Hart; one and a part to the Bishop of Derry in right of his see; two to Lord Templemore, a branch of the Chichester family; three to the Marquess of Donegal, the head of the same family; and fifteen and a part to the Irish Society. Until the year 1809 the parish extended into the county of Donegal, and included the three parishes of Burt, Inch, and Muff, which were then severed from it and erected into perpetual curacies.
The parish, as at present constituted, contains 12,611 statute acres, according to the Ordnance survey, valued at £8363., without the buildings on it, and with these, at £26,716., per ann.: it is bounded by the river and Lough Foyle on the east, and by the county of Donegal on every other side, extending about eight miles in length from north-east to south-west, and less than three in its greatest breadth in the contrary direction. The surface is beautifully undulating, presenting a succession of hills, mostly cultivated or under pasture. A wide valley, extending from the Foyle at Pennyburn, separates the hills into two groups. Of these the southern is the most prominent, rising at its southern extremity into Holywell hill, 860 feet above the sea; the highest point of the northern group, in Elaghmore, is not more than 354 feet. The lake of Ballyarnet, occupying portions of the three townlands of Ballyarnet, Ballynashallog, and Ballynagard, contains only 3a. 3r. 27p.; its height above the sea is about 100 feet. Except the Foyle, which is navigable for small craft to Castlefin, there is 110 other body of water entitled to the name of river; the numerous small streams which irrigate the parish, flow eastward into the main river or lough, with the exception of one, which, passing by Coshquin, terminates in Lough Swilly. Springs are numerous; not fewer than eight occur within a tract of about 20 acres, in Springhill and Creggan; several of them are slightly chalybeate. The coast of Lough Foyle, where it borders the parish, is low, and destitute of any striking characteristic features. It is the general opinion of the intelligent farmers here that a marked amelioration has taken place in the climate; the seasons both of seed time and harvest have advanced considerably: the extended cultivation of wheat, and the increasing number of quails are further proofs of it. The soil in the higher grounds is occasionally, though rarely, stony, sandy, and meagre; but in by far the greater portion of the parish it is a light productive clay or loam, which in the very low grounds becomes stiffer, though never to an injurious extent. The subsoil is more generally a coating of gravel resting on the rock than the rock itself, and is often in a very indurated state, owing to the abundance of iron proceeding from the decomposition of the schistose rocks: it is then called "till," and more generally "red till," from its prevailing colour, and is considered to be injurious to vegetation. The geological structure of the parish is simple; the great mass of the primary schistose rocks which occupies much of the western portion of the county, spreads over its whole surface, with the exception of a considerable patch of detritus at Culmore in the north-east, which probably conceals a part of the new red sandstone, that rock being visible at the northern extremity of the parish, and also with the exception of several very limited deposits of mud and clay which skirt the Foyle on the south-east. Mica slate, passing into quartz slate, is the prevailing rock, occupying at least two-thirds of its substance. Limestone is found only in small quantities at its southern extremity, where the quarries have been abandoned; and greenstone, of a dense, close-grained and homogeneous character, at Conn's Hill, where the opening of the quarry is, strictly speaking, without the bounds. The schistose rocks are in the harder varieties too coarse, and in the softer not sufficiently cohesive, for being used as roofing slates; but they are much employed in building: plenty of clay for bricks is to be had; but the manufacture has been relinquished on account of the scarcity of fuel. The bogs are of great local importance, though they are now only the relics of a more extensive tract, which has been nearly exhausted by continued use: portions are occasionally reclaimed, and when the peat has been entirely cut away, the subsoil is easily brought into cultivation: large trunks and roots of trees have been raised from them. The natural meadows are extensive, particularly on the sides of some of the bogs: the mountain pasture is generally poor. Wheat, which formerly was considered unsuitable to the climate and soil, is now in much estimation: green crops are occasionally adopted. Forced or sown meadows are by no means general; when prepared for cutting the first year, they are sown with perennial rye-grass and red clover; when for grazing, white grass and white clover are sown. There are several nurseries. Most of the timber in the parish appears to have been planted more for ornament than profit: the most common trees along the Foyle are beech, elm, sycamore, and ash: a small patch of natural wood is to be seen at Ballynagalliagh. Manures are easily attainable, being partly stable dung, partly lime, drawn from the city; and partly a compost of bog earth, dung, lime, and shells; the shells are procured at a bank called Shell Island, in Lough Foyle: kelp is occasionally used.
The manufactures carried on in the rural parts of the parish are chiefly those arising directly from agricultural produce. The mill at Pennyburn ground 1,513,200 lbs. of wheat, and 1,164,800 of oats, in the year 1834; three others ground an aggregate of 543,000 lbs. of oatmeal: seven flax-mills worked up 4250 cwt. of flax and 1059 cwt. of tow: a brewery made 5200 barrels of beer, and two distilleries 208,800 gallons of spirits: two tanneries converted 5300 hides into leather: there were two limekilns, 1 brick-kiln, 2 rope-walks, 80 linen looms, 28 cotton looms, and 1 woollen loom at work: all these totals are the results of returns collected in that year, and are exclusive of the manufactures of the city, to which the commerce of the district is wholly confined: the salmon fishery gives employment to 232 persons. The jurisdiction of the corporation of Londonderry extends over the whole parish, but in Culmore only by sufferance, that townland being the exclusive property of the Crown, and under the control of the governor of the fort. The condition of the peasantry in the low lands is comfortable, the dwellings neat, and orchards and kitchen gardens are frequently to be seen, attached to well-fenced farms of considerable extent and in good condition. In the mountain lands, which are much frequented on account of free turbary being granted with their cabins, the cottiers are very poor, and several of the farm houses are nearly as wretched as the huts of the labourers. Three main roads from Londonderry to Greencastle, Lifford, and Letterkenny, intersect the parish: they are not kept in good order, and would admit of much improvement as to the line of direction: the cross roads and bye-roads are sufficiently numerous: there is a ferry across the mouth of the Foyle at Culmore, below the fort. It has long been contemplated to connect Loughs Foyle and Swilly by a canal; but though the distance be short, and the district through which the line would pass well adapted for it, a difficulty presents itself in the Swilly at the Burnfoot, which is separated from the Foyle by a neck of land only three miles broad, rising and falling at spring tides 18 feet, which is twice as much as at Londonderry, and therefore the surfaces of the loughs at high water stand at different levels. The principal seats are The Farm, the property of Sir R. A. Ferguson, Bart.; Boom Hall, the property of the Earl of Caledon, and the residence of the Bishop of Derry; Brook Hall, remarkable for the beauty of its grounds, the property and residence of the Rt. Hon. Sir G. F. Hill, Bart.; Thorn Hill, of Capt. Simeon; Ballinagard, of Capt. Hart; Belmont, lately the residence of W. Miller, Esq., deceased; Troy or Troyvale Cottage, of Chas. O'Doherty, Esq.; Foyle Hill, of W. Holland, Esq.; Milton Lodge, of Capt. H. Lecky; Ballougry, of Capt. McNeil; Green Haw House, of W. K. McClintock, Esq.; Mullennan, of R. Harvey, Esq.; Culmore Point, of A. McCausland, Esq.; Bellevue, of Hans Riddall, Esq.; Pennyburn, of A. Bond, Esq.; and Troy House, of J. Murray, Esq. The bishop's demesne, though it is not his residence, may be included under this head. Casina, erected by the late Earl of Bristol, is situated in the suburbs of the city, close to the bishop's garden, commanding a fine view of the river and the scenery on its opposite bank; although irregularly built, it presents a handsome front, and the principal apartment is decorated with paintings in chiaro-oscuro.
The living is a rectory, united by patent of Jas. I. to the rectories of Faughanvale and Clondermott, forming together the corps of the deanery of Derry, in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £1607. 0. 1. The deanery-house was rebuilt in 1834, at an expense of £3330, provided out of the funds of the present incumbent, the whole of which will be chargeable on his successor: the glebe, containing 3 acres, is valued at £9. per ann.; the gross value of the benefice, tithe and glebe inclusive, amounts to £3224. 7. 11 1/2. The cathedral of Londonderry is used as the parish church, and there are two other churches in the parish, the particulars of all which are given in the account of that city, which see. The old church was situated in the northern part of the parish, near Culmore fort. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; it is also the head of the diocese and the mensal of the Bishop. Besides the schools described in the article on the city, there is one at Ballougry, to which the Irish Society gives an annual grant of £30.; also four private schools, in all of which, including the city schools, there are about 500 boys and 450 girls; there are also 9 Sunday schools. In Ballinagard demesne, on the western bank of the Foyle, is a rath measuring 73 yards by 60; it is surrounded by a fosse and parapet, and is now covered with trees. In Ballymagrorty there is a small cromlech, the table stone of which is 4 feet by 3; and on the summit of Holywell Hill are the remains of a cairn, about 40 feet in diameter, in the centre of which is a small pit, 3 feet square and 5 deep; the rock of the mountain forms its bottom, and it is called the Holy well, from a small pool of rain water being found in it, which is supposed to possess healing virtues. There are also two cairns of modern construction; one is called "Jenny's Cairn," from having been the spot where a young woman was murdered under very atrocious circumstances; the other, in the bed of a rivulet, is called the "Priest's Burn," from a tradition that a priest was killed on the spot. The old church of Killea, in the townland of the same name, was one of the five chapels of ease to the mother church; its foundations still remain in a cemetery surrounded by an old stone wall. The church of Culmore, though a ruin, is of no great antiquity, having been built a short time before the war of 1688 and burnt by James's army, since which it has never been repaired: it was cruciform and consisted of a nave and transept; the walls are still entire, except at the western end. The castle of Aileagh or Elagh, the property of W. McCorkell, Esq., now a small ruin, stands on a commanding eminence on the verge of the parish, about two miles from the more ancient fortress of the same name in the county of Donegal, formerly a royal castle. The forts of Culmore and Donnalong were erected by the English in the reign of Elizabeth or Jas. I., to secure their newly acquired possession of Derry: the former, situated on a projecting point on the western bank of the Foyle, where it opens into the lough, was a small triangular fort with a bastion at each corner, and a square tower at the point next the river: though not occupied as a military station for upwards of a hundred years, a governor is still appointed to it. General Hart, the late governor, substantially repaired the tower, but the outworks are now nearly obliterated. Donnalong, or Donolonge, which was a place of more importance, was built on the eastern bank of the Foyle, in the parish of Donagheady; there are no remains. Templemore gives the title of an English baron to a branch of the Chichester family.
TEMPLEMORE, or STRADE, a parish, in the barony of GALLEN, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (S. W.) from Foxford, on the road from Foxford to Castlebar, and on the river Moy and Lough Cullen; containing 4135 inhabitants. A Franciscan friary was founded here by the sept of Mac Jordan, but in 1252 this house was given to the Dominicans by Jordan, of Exeter, Lord of Athlethan, or by his son Stephen: a very small part remains, but the walls of the church, which was singularly beautiful, are nearly entire, with some curious ornaments and a remarkable tomb: a house has been built adjoining the church, which is inhabited by some of the order. The parish comprises 6447 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land is principally under tillage. There are quarries of limestone and some bog. In the village of Strade is a constabulary police station; and fairs are held on May 31st, July 30th, Oct. 23rd, and Nov. 27th. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Achonry, episcopally united, in 1805, to the vicarages of Bucholla, Towmore, Killasser, and Killedan, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of the late Roger Palmer, Esq. The tithes amount to £279. 11. 4., one-half of which is payable to the impropriators, and the other half to the vicar; the gross amount of the tithes of the benefice is £893. 8. 2. There are two churches in the union, one at Foxford, in the parish of Towrnore, and the other at Ballinamore in the parish of Killedan. In the R. C. divisions the parish is a separate benefice: the chapel is a large slated building contiguous to the abbey. There are four private schools, in which are about 240 children. Ballylahan castle is the ruin of an ancient fortress, about 30 feet square, built by one of the Jordan family, who had many more in this neighbourhood. An ancient bridge of 16 arches, called Alahan, or the Broad Ford, here crosses the river. Ruins exist of the ancient church of Templemore.
TEMPLEMORE, a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of ELIOGARTY, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 31 miles (N. by W.) from Clonmel, and 65 (S. W.) from Dublin, on the road from Athlone to Cork and on that from Cashel to Roscrea, and near a branch of the river Suir; containing 5218 inhabitants, of which number, 2936 are in the town. It is supposed that this place originated in its having been a station of the Knights Templars, who were settled in the castle. The parish contains 8108 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, about 700 of which are very good land, the property of the Provost and Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin; agriculture has much improved of late years, and the parish has in it some of the finest pasture and meadow land. The limestone quarries are very good, affording blocks of 20 feet, if required. The manor courts have been discontinued, but petty sessions are held every Wednesday in the court or market-house, a handsome decorated building in the centre of the town. Fairs are held in Jan., March, May, June, July, Sept., Oct., and Dec., for cattle, sheep, pigs, wool, &c.; they are considered the best in the county. Templemore is remarkably healthy, and well supplied with water and fuel: and every encouragement is given by the proprietor to induce the inhabitants to adopt improvements. The town is clean, well built, and modern; it is approached on all sides by handsome avenues of ash trees, and owes its very improved condition to the exertions of the late proprietor, Sir John Craven Carden, Bart., father of the present proprietor, who granted the ground on which it stands at a nominal rent, and under whose auspices the public buildings were erected. It contains extensive infantry barracks, with accommodations for 54 officers, 1500 men, and 30 horses, and an hospital attached for 80 patients; a bridewell; a fever hospital and a dispensary; ball, news, and reading rooms, and a public billiard table. The neighbourhood is adorned with many fine seats and elegant cottages, having ornamented grounds. The castle was, so lately as a century ago, the family residence of the Cardens, but in consequence of its accidental destruction by fire they removed to another house in the demesne, which was lately pulled down for the purpose of erecting a new mansion on a more elevated spot: since the demolition of the old house, Sir H. R. Carden's family has resided at the Priory, a modern building adjoining the Park, erected by the late baronet for his son; the demesne, exclusively of the large plantations, comprises 200 statute acres: it is situated within 1 1/2 mile of the town, and is surrounded with rich gardens and shrubberies tastefully laid out. One of the entrances to the Park is a remnant of the castle of the Knights Templars: the park is well wooded, and contains a large sheet of water; it is surrounded by excellent land and backed by a range of mountains, the largest of which is called "the Devil's Bit," from its singular shape, appearing as if a portion had been taken out. Lloydsborough is the seat of J. Lloyd, Esq.; part of the demesne is in Killea, though the mansion is in the parish of Templemore; it is a handsome residence in a well-planted demesne. The other principal seats are Woodville Lodge, the residence of D. J. Webb, Esq.; Belleville, of the Hon. C. J. K. Monck; and Eastwood, of T. Bennett, Esq.
The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, united by act of council to the rectories and vicarages of Killavenogh and Killea, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; the rectory is impropriate in J. Lloyd, Esq. The tithes amount to £641, of which £420 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar; the gross tithes of the benefice are £811. 15. 4 3/4. Here is an ancient glebe of 147 acres, in dispute: but there is a glebe of 20 acres, for which the incumbent pays £30 per ann. rent, on which the glebe-house was built by the late incumbent, Dr. Graves. The church is remarkably handsome, both internally and externally; it was erected about 50 years since, and has a fine spire; the interior is highly finished and very commodious, and furnished with a good organ, the gift of the late baronet; the window over the altar is enriched with a representation of the Crucifixion in stained glass; the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted £169 for the repairs of the church. The R. C. union or district is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and in each of the parishes is a chapel; that of Templemore is a handsome and capacious building, on a plot of ground given rent-free by the late Sir J. C. Carden. Here is also a handsome Wesleyan Methodists' chapel. A school under the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity affords instruction to about 70 children; it has a good school-house, with a square tower, for the erection of which the trustees gave £300, and the late Sir J. C. Car-den defrayed the remainder of the cost. The late incumbent, Dr. Graves, also left £50, the interest to be applied for the benefit of this school. There are six private schools, in which are about 200 children. George Bennett, Esq., vested £200 in the old 3 per cent, annuities, the interest of which is placed at the disposal of the incumbent for the benefit of the poor. There are remains of several ancient castles, built at different periods, but all of very remote date. In a cave in the Devil's Bit mountain was found in 1790, a MS. copy of the Gospels in Latin, but in the ancient Irish character, apparently written in the thirteenth century; it was enclosed in a case, partly of silver, ornamented with crystal and coloured glass, and is now in the possession of Sir W. Betham, Knt., Ulster King at Arms.
TEMPLEMURRY, a parish, in the barony of TYRAWLEY, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (N.) from Killala, on the road from Ballina to Lacken; containing 1868 inhabitants. It is situated on the bay of Rathfran, contiguous to the bay of Killala, into which the river here empties itself, and comprises 1200 statute acres, chiefly arable. Fairs are held at Rathfran on Aug. 25th and Nov. 11th. The harbour is fit only for small vessels, being dry at low water. The sea being smoother here than at the contiguous bar, some vessels prefer running up here as it is quite sheltered and safe from the sea swells. Sumrnerhill is the residence of T. Palmer, Esq.; and here are the ruins of the fine old house of Palmerstown. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killala, forming part of the union of Lacken: the rectory is appropriate to the dean and the precentor of Killala. The tithes amount to £108, of which one-half is payable to the dean and the precentor, and the other half to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Killala. Ruins exist of the fine old abbey of Rathfran, which was founded for Dominicans in the 12th century: adjoining is a burial-place still used.
TEMPLENECARRIGA, a parish, in the barony of BARRYMORE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 6 1/2 miles (S. E.) from Rathcormac, on the road to Midleton; containing 1602 inhabitants, and comprising 4942 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which 64 are woodland, the rest being either pasture or under tillage. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cloyne, forming the corps of the treasurership of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £498. 8. 8., and the gross annual income of the treasurer is 508. 8. 8. The glebe comprises 44 acres, and there is a glebe-house. The church is in ruins, but divine service is performed in a school-house licensed by the bishop, until a new church shall be built. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Lisgoold. There are four small schools.
TEMPLENEIRY.--See BANSHA.