By Samuel Lewis, 1837
Title Page | Preface |A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Appendix | Mileage Conversion
K1 | K2 | K3 | K4 | K5 | K6 | K7 | K8 | K9 |
KILBRODERAN, a parish, in the Shanid Division of the barony of LOWER CONNELLO, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (N. W.) from Rathkeale, on the road to Shanagolden; containing 829 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the western bank of the river Deel, over which is a good bridge, called Newbridge, built in 1747, when the road was first constructed. It comprises 2824 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; about one-half is under tillage, and the remainder principally in large dairy farms, but in many parts the soil is so stony that its cultivation is much impeded. The whole substratum is limestone rock, in some places rising above the surface and in others scattered in large detached masses. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £220. There is neither church nor glebe-house; the glebe comprises six acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, called Coolcappagh, comprising also the parish of Kilcoleman; there is a chapel at Coolcappagh, in this parish, also one in the parish of Kilcoleman. About 30 children are taught in a private school. There are some picturesque remains of the old church at the foot of Kilbroderan hill, and at Rathgonin are the ruins of the old castle of that name.
KILBROGAN, a parish, in the barony of KINNALMEAKY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, on the road from Cork to Bandon; containing, with part of that borough, 5710 inhabitants. This parish, called also Knockbrogan, is bounded on the south by the river Bandon, and comprises 7355 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £5767 per annum. The land is in general of good quality; about one-third is in pasture, principally included in the demesne of the Earl of Bandon. At Lauragh an extensive tract of waste has been brought into cultivation by John Swan-ton, Esq., who has lately introduced the Scottish system of agriculture. Lime brought from Aherlow, six miles distant, and sea sand from Colliers' quay, are the chief manures. The prevailing substratum is clay-slate; but there are some good quarries of freestone, that principally supplied the stone of which the chief part of the new town of Bandon is built. The scenery in many parts is pleasingly varied, and there are several gentlemen's seats: the principal are Roughgrove, the residence of Maskelyne Alcock, Esq.; Mount Pleasant, of H. Baldwin, Esq.; Mishalls, of W. Connor, Esq.; Coolfadda House, of B. Popham, Esq.; Lauragh, of I. Swanton, Esq.; Woodlands, of G. Cornwall, Esq.; and Park View, of H. Cornwall, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork, united from time immemorial to the rectory of Aglish, together forming the union and corps of the prebend of Kilbrogan in the cathedral church of St. Finbarr, Cork, in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £650. The church is in Bandon: divine service is also performed in the school-house at Carhue, where a chapel of ease is about to be erected. The glebe-house is beautifully situated on an eminence surrounded by plantations, and the glebe comprises 32 3/4 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Bandon: the chapel, situated in the old churchyard, is a small plain edifice. There are twelve public schools in the parish, in which about 900 children are taught.--See BANDON.
KILBRONEY, a parish, in the barony of ORRERY and KILMORE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (N. E.) from Buttevant, on the road to Charleville; containing 696 inhabitants. This parish comprises 1929 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the soil is a fine deep loam, and the land is mostly in pasture; the small portion of bog is now nearly exhausted. It is in the diocese of Cloyne: the rectory is impropriate in J. Watkins, Esq., and the vicarage forms part of the union of Buttevant. The tithes amount to £192. 12., of which two-thirds are payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions also it forms part of the union or district of Buttevant. The ruins of the church still remain in the burial-ground. At Ballinguile are the remains of the castle of that name, and of an ancient mansion of the Fitzjames family.
KILBRONEY, a parish, in the barony of UPPER IVEAGH, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, on the road from Newry to Kilkeel; containing, with the town of Rosstrevor, 4257 inhabitants. According to the Ordnance survey it comprises 13,208 1/4 statute acres, of which 275 are woodland, about 5,000 arable, and the remainder bog and mountain, the latter of which affords excellent pasture. Here are some large bleach-greens, and some lead mines. The principal seats are the Lodge, the residence of D. Ross, Esq.; Brandensburg, of Mrs. Ross; Carpenham, of H. Hamilton, Esq.; Green Park, of Mrs. O'Brien; Amos Vale, of the Ven. Dean Carter; Ballyedmund, of A. Stewart, Esq.; Woodhouse, of Mrs. Reynell; Old Hall, of Smithson Corry, Esq.; and Crayfield, of W. J. Maguire, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dromore, and in the gift of the Bishop, to whom the rectory is appropriate: the tithes amount to £155. 6. 6., of which one-third is payable to the vicar, and two-thirds to the Bishop. The church, which is in Rosstrevor, is a handsome cruciform edifice, with a lofty tower and pinnacles: it was built at an expense of £2000, of which the late Board of First Fruits, in 1814, gave £200 and lent £1100. The Board also granted £450 as a gift, and £120 as a loan, for the erection of the glebe-house, in 1821: the glebe comprises 11 acres. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and contains two chapels, one in Rosstrevor, the other at Killowen. About 600 children are educated in six schools, to one of which Mrs. Ross contributes £13. 16. 11., to another Mrs. Balfour contributes £20, and to a third the R. C. clergyman contributes £5, annually. On the acclivity of a mountain is a very large stone, called Cloughmerne, which was formerly part of a cromlech; and near Killowen are the ruins of Green Castle. It was built by Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, destroyed by the Irish in 1343, rebuilt soon after on a large scale, and dismantled by order of Cromwell. Here are also the remains of Castle Roe, or Ross Trevor Castle. On the Hillstown road are the ruins of Kilbroney church, in which a clogh-ban, or "white bell," was some years since discovered; also an ancient stone cross and a holy well. In 1834 a spacious cave was discovered, containing broken urns filled with calcined human bones and ashes. A chalybeate spring was formerly much resorted to, but is now almost neglected. -- See ROSSTREVOR.
KILBRYAN.-- See KILBRINE.
KILBURNE, a parish, in the barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of WATERFORD, and province MUNSTER, 4 miles (S. by W.) from Waterford; containing 866 inhabitants. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Waterford, and partly forms a portion of the corps of the deanery, and partly of the precentorship of the cathedral of Waterford: the tithes amount to £153. 10. 9., of which £121. 5. 9. is payable to the dean, and £32. 5. to the precentor. About 120 children are educated in a public school.
KILCAR, or KILKARAGH, a parish, in the barony of BANNAGH, county of DONEGAL, and province of ULSTER, 5 miles (W.) from Killybegs; containing 4319 inhabitants. St. Carthach, whose festival is kept on the 5th of March, is supposed to have presided over a monastery here so early as 540. According to the Ordnance survey, it comprises 18,883 statute acres, about one-sixth of which are arable, the remainder bog and mountain land. Agriculture is in a very backward state, and there is not a single tree in the parish. Fairs are held quarterly for cattle, yarn, and flannel. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Raphoe, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £125. The church is a small handsome building, erected in 1828. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe of 840 acres. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a large new chapel. The parochial school, in which are about 100 children, is endowed with a grant from Col. Robertson's fund; and there are three other schools and a dispensary.
KILCARAGH, a parish, in the barony of GUALTIER, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 2 3/4 miles (S. E. by E.) from Waterford, on the river Suir; containing 142 inhabitants. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Waterford, and forms part of the corps of the deanery: the tithes amount to £30. 2.
KILCARN, a parish, in the barony of SKREEN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (S. S. E.) from Navan, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Enniskillen; containing 546 inhabitants. About two-thirds of it are under tillage; the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improving. There are some considerable corn and flour-mills, the property of J. McCann, Esq., of Drogheda; and the river Boyne, upon which the parish is situated, affords facility of conveyance. The principal seats are Kilcarn House, the residence of F. Murphy, Esq.; Kilcarn Lodge, of W. Dillon, Esq.; and Upper Kilcarn, of Mrs. Barry. It is a chapelry, in the diocese of Meath, and forms part of the union of Skreen, or Skryne; the rectory is im-propriate in C.Barry, Esq. The tithes amount to £127. 12. 2., the whole payable to the impropriator. The church is in ruins. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Athlumney: the chapel, an old building, is to be converted into a school; and a chapel is about to be built adjoining the residence of the parish priest.
KILCARRAGH, a parish, in the barony of CLANMAURICE, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S. W.) from Listowel, on the rivers Brick and Feale: containing 1109 inhabitants. It comprises 2912 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which 1280 1/2 consist of good arable land, 891 1/2 of coarse pasture, and 740 of bog. Limestone abounds and in some places approaches to marble; it is generally burnt for manure, for which purpose sea sand brought from Cashen ferry is also used: the state of agriculture is gradually improving. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of R. Hickson, Esq.; it is held by faculty with the vicarage of Duagh. The tithes amount to £96. 18. 5 1/2., and there is a glebe of 12 1/2 acres, subject to a rent of about one guinea per acre. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Lixnaw, (which see).
KILCASH, a parish, in the barony of IFFA and OFFA EAST, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 6 1/4 miles (E. N. E.) from Clonmel; containing 1333 inhabitants. It is on the southern side of Slieve na Man, and contains an ancient seat of the Ormonde family. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, united episcopally, in 1813, to the vicarages of Killaloan, Templethay, and Kilgrant, and in the patronage of the Crown; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde. The tithes amount to £113. 7. 3., of which £46. 3. 1. is payable to the impropriator, and £67. 4. 2. to the vicar; and the entire tithes of the benefice are £267. 1. 10. The church is a modern building. There is no glebe-house: the glebe comprises 8a. 2r. 17p., and there is also one of 3a. 1r. 30p. in Kilgrant. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Gammonsfield, or Kilcash, and has a chapel at Ballypatrick. About 170 children are educated in a public school; the school-house was given by the Marquess of Ormonde. Here is a dispensary.
KILCASKIN, a parish, in the barony of BERE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 16 miles (S. S. W.) from Castletown; containing 4600 inhabitants. This parish, which extends for more than ten miles along the shore of Bantry bay, comprises 35,701 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3295 per annum. The greater portion is wild and mountainous, and not more than one-sixth is under cultivation; several of the mountains afford pasture on their sides and summits, but others are rocky and barren. The loftiest is Hungry hill, 2160 feet above the level of the sea, and remarkable for its singular and picturesque waterfall, which, descending from a height of nearly 800 feet and frequently broken in its fall by ledges of projecting rock, forms a magnificent and beautiful cascade; the water issues from a lake near the summit, and after its descent passes by Ardrigoole and falls into the bay. Four miles to the east of this mountain is the large Sugar Loaf, which is 1112 feet high; and of the other mountains in this parish, the principal are the Knocknafouka, the Ghoul, and the Esk: along their summits runs the boundary line between the counties of Cork and Kerry. In this parish is also part of the romantic and celebrated district of Glengariff, comprising the eastern portion, and the scene of a hard-fought battle between the English forces under Sir C. Wilmot, and the native Irish under the Prince of Bear and Bantry, in which the latter were defeated with great loss. [A more detailed description of Glengariff is given in the article on Kilmacomogue.] The principal seats are the Lodge, the handsome residence of the Earl of Bantry; Reemeen Cottage, of R. White, Esq.; and Reen Lodge, of the Rev. R. H. Wright. There is an extensive slate quarry at Roosk, close to the sea-shore. Iron and copper-ore abound in various parts of the parish, but neither is at present worked: the iron-ore was formerly very extensively procured, and large smelting-works were built at Glengariff and Ardrigoole; of the latter, very considerable remains exist, forming an interesting feature on the banks of the river. There are constabulary police stations at Ardrigoole and Glengariff, and a coast-guard station at the latter place, forming part of the district of Castletown. A manorial court is held at Ardrigoole every third Thursday, for the recovery of debts under 40s. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ross, the rectory constituting part of the union and corps of the archdeaconry of Ross, and the vicarage united with that of Bunnane: the tithes amount to £380, of which one-half is payable to the archdeacon and the other to the vicar. The church is a small edifice with a low square tower, situated at the base of the rugged mountain of Ardrigoole; it was built in 1809, at an expense of £500, a gift from the late Board of First Fruits, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £190 towards its repair. There is neither glebe-house nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions this parish is in the diocese of Kerry, and is the head of a union or district, comprising also that of Bunnane; there are three chapels, situated respectively at Mass-mount near Ardrigoole, Glengariff, and Bunnane. There are eight private schools, in which are about 430 children. At Daraheen-Dharmuda a battle was fought between O'Sullivan Bear and O'Donovan, in which the latter was slain. The ruins of the old church are situated in a deep recess in the mountains, one mile east from Ardrigoole; at Drumlane is a very perfect fort, and there are several others in various parts of the parish. At Leitrim is an upright stone without any inscription, called a Gollane, and there are several others of the same name in the barony; near the former are vast piles of loose stones heaped together in the greatest confusion.
KILCATERN, or KILCATEERIN, a parish, in the barony of BERE, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (N. N. W.) from Castletown; containing 6042 inhabitants. This parish comprises 5865 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3537 per ann., and above 15,000 acres of bog and mountain. It rises into mountains near the Kenmare river, and on the north-west has a capacious bay, called Kilcateerin, or Quoilah bay. The valleys are moderately well cultivated, chiefly by spade husbandry; the mountains are generally bare, but afford good summer pasture. At Allihais are extensive copper mines, which have been constantly worked since 1813, and in 1835 produced 7466 tons of remarkably good ore. Mills have been erected at Ballydonagan for crushing the ore, and numerous houses and cottages for the persons employed in the mines have been built. A new road from Castletown to the mines will shortly be opened, and other improvements are contemplated; a constabulary police station has been lately established. The parish is in the diocese of Ross: the rectory is partly impropriate in Lord Riversdale, and partly appropriate to the vicarage, which forms part of the union of Kilaconenagh. The tithes amount to £193. 6. 1 3/4., of which £65 is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. Divine service is performed at Allihais, in a house licensed by the Bishop. The R. C. parish is in the diocese of Kerry, and is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; the chapel is a small plain building near Quoilah bay. About 430 children are educated in seven private schools. Near the bay are the remains of the old church; and not far distant is a very high erect stone, called a Gollane or Long stone.
KILCAVAN, or KILKEVAN, a parish, in the barony of BARGY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 11 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Wexford, on the new road to Bannow; containing 695 inhabitants. It is bounded on the east by St. George's channel, and is almost entirely under tillage; the system of agriculture has been greatly improved within the last few years, and from the convenience of its situation for obtaining sea-manure, the land is generally in a good state of cultivation. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ferns, episcopally united, in 1806, to the vicarage of Bannow, together forming the union of Kilcavan, in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £144. 13. 3 1/2., and of the union, to £297. 4. 7. The church, for the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £190, is a neat edifice with a square tower, erected in 1820, for which the late Board of First Fruits gave £600 and lent £130. The same Board also gave, in 1821, £400 and lent £330 for the erection of the glebe-house: the glebe, in four portions, comprises 4 1/2 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Bannow, or Ballymitty. At. Granstown is a convent of Augustine Friars, representing the ancient house of Clonmines, to which is attached a chapel, open to the public; this establishment consists only of two brethren, employed in preparing pupils for the college of Maynooth, and in this seminary the late eminent Dr. Doyle received the rudiments of his education. A Sunday school is superintended by the incumbent, and there is a dispensary.
KILCHRIST, a parish, in the barony of CLONDERLAW, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (N. N. E.) from Kildysart, on the western bank of the river Fergus; containing, with the island of Innismore, or Deer Island, 2569 inhabitants. This parish comprises 6845 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and mostly under tillage; there is a small extent of bog. Sea-weed and sand procured on the shores of the Fergus are extensively used for manure. Grain and other agricultural produce are occasionally sent in boats to Limerick from Ballinacally. The principal seats are Paradise, the residence of Thos. Arthur, Esq., beautifully situated on the Fergus, of which and the surrounding scenery it commands a most extensive view; and Fort Fergus, of Daniel O'Grady, Esq.; is also situated on the Fergus. On an eminence in the demesne of Paradise is an ornamental building, called the Temple, which forms a conspicuous landmark in the navigation of the river. The parish is in the diocese of Killaloe: the rectory is partly impropriate in the Earl of Egremont, and partly in Bindon Scott, Esq.; and the vicarage forms part of the union of Kildysert. The tithes amount to £252. 13. 10 1/4., of which £83. 1. 6 1/2. is payable to the lessee of the Earl, £64. 3. 3 3/4. to Bindon Scott, Esq., and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the district of Clondegad: the chapel, at Knockboy, is a small thatched building. A school is held in it under the superintendence of the R. C. clergyman, in which and in three private schools about 140 children are educated. The ruins of the ancient church still remain in the burial-ground.--See BALLINACALLY and DEER ISLAND.
KILCHRIST, or KILCRIEST, a parish, partly in the barony of LOUGHREA, but chiefly in that of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (W. S. W.) from Loughrea, on the road from that place to Gort; containing 1703 inhabitants. It comprises 3613 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and includes Woodville, the seat of R. D'Arcy, Esq. A baronial court is held once in three weeks. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kilmacduagh, and forms part of the union of Killinane, or Kilthomas; the rectory is partly appropriate to the bishoprick, and partly to the vicars choral of Christ Church, Dublin. The tithes amount to £88, of which £19 is payable to the bishop, £3 to the lessee of the vicars choral, and £66 to the vicar. The glebe-house of the union is in this parish. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a small chapel, in connection with which is a large school for about 400 children. About 80 children are educated in a public school, which is partly supported by the rector, and about 90 in a private school. Here are the remains of a chapel.
KILCLEAGH, or MOATE, a parish, in the barony of CLONLONAN, county of WESTMEATH, and province of LEINSTER, on the road from Athlone to Dublin; containing, with the post-town of Moate, 6160 inhabitants. It comprises 9231 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and is principally grazing land; there is also a considerable quantity of bog, and abundance of limestone and gritstone. The principal seats are Ballymahown, the ancient residence of the Malone family; Castle Daly, the seat of J. M. Daly, Esq.; Newbridge, of R. Matthews, Esq.; Moate Castle, of Cuthbert J. Clibborn, Esq.; and Farnagh, of R. Adamson, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Meath, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £276. 6. 11. The church was built in 1782, enlarged by aid of a gift of £300 and a loan of £500 from the late Board of First Fruits in 1819, and lately repaired by a grant of £228 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house was purchased in 1819, by aid of a gift of £300 and a loan of £500 from the same Board: the glebe comprises 86 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish is in the diocese of Ardagh: part of it forms the district of Moate, in which are two chapels, one there and one at Bogagh; the other, with the parish of Lemonaghan, constitutes that of Ballymahown, in which also are two chapels, one at Ballymahown, in this parish. There is also a meeting-house for the Society of Friends. About 250 children are educated in four public, and 210 in seven private, schools. Near Farnagh are the ruins of the castle of Clonlonan, which gave name to the barony.--See MOATE.
KILCLEEHEEN.--See KILCULLIHEEN.
KILCLIEF, a parish, in the barony of LECALE, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 2 miles (S.) from Strangford; containing 841 inhabitants, of which number, 351 are in the village. Here was formerly an abbey under St. Eugene and St. Neill, disciples of St. Patrick; also an hospital for lepers, of which there are still some small remains. The castle of Kilclief, of which also part remains, was anciently the palace of the bishops of Down, to whom the manor belongs. According to the Ordnance survey, the parish contains 2424 1/2 statute acres: there is no waste or bog, and the land is extremely well cultivated, furnishing much wheat, barley, oats, and potatoes for exportation. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Down, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £216. The church is a small plain building on an elevated spot near the sea-shore. There is a glebe-house, for the erection of which £450 was given and £50 lent, in 1816, by the late Board of First Fruits: the glebe comprises 10 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, including also the townland of Ballyargan, and two others in Ballyculter, and containing a small chapel. About 90 children are educated in the parochial school, which was built in 1804.
KILCLOAN, a parish, in the barony of UPPER DEECE, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (N. E.) from Kilcock, on the road from Summerhill to Dunboyne; containing 321 inhabitants. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Meath, and forms part of the union of Raddonstown: the tithes amount to £110. 15. 4 1/2. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, called Batterstown, comprising Kilcloan, Raddonstown, Ballymaglasson, Rathregan, Balfeighan, and Moyglare, and containing three chapels; that of Kilcloan is a neat modern building. About 70 children are educated in a private school, to which Gen. Vandeleur contributes £4 annually. Here is Mulhussey Castle, the property of F. Meath McVeigh, Esq.
KILCLOGHAN.-- See TEMPLETOWN.
KILCLOGHER. -- See CLOGHER, county of LOUTH.
KILCLONAGH, a parish, in the barony of ELIOGARTY, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 miles (S. S. E.) from Templemore; containing 195 inhabitants. This parish comprises only 683 acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £479 per ann. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, and forms part of the union of Moyne: the tithes amount to £65. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Moyne. About 90 children are educated in a private school.
KILCLONBROOK, or CREMORGAN, a parish, in the barony of CULLINAGH, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 4 miles (S. W. by S.) from Stradbally, on the road from that place to Abbeyleix; containing 84 inhabitants. Cremorgan is the seat of L. Moore, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Leighlin, and patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £38. 2. 4. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Stradbally.
KILCLONFERT, a parish, in the barony of LOWER PHILIPSTOWN, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. by W.) from Philipstown, on the road from that place to Kilbeggan; containing 1734 inhabitants. This parish comprises 5865 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3929 per ann. Of its entire surface above 3000 acres are arable, above 2000 meadow and pasture, about 100 woodland, and 2600 bog. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare; the rectory is in the patronage of the representatives of F. Trench, Esq., and the vicarage in the gift of the Crown. The tithes amount to £249. 4. 7 1/2., of which £166. 3. 0 3/4. is payable to the rector, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Philipstown, and contains a chapel. About 200 children are educated in a public and 25 in a private school, and there is a Sunday school.
KILCLOONY, a parish, in the barony of CLONMACNOON, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, on the river Suck and the road from Dublin to Galway; containing, with part of the post-town of Ballinasloe, 7280 inhabitants. The English army encamped here for three days previously to the celebrated battle of Aughrim; during which this was the scene of much sanguinary conflict, the memory of which is perpetuated in the names of several places in its immediate vicinity. The bridge over the small stream which separates the parish from Aughrim is still called the bridge of Millea Chean, or "The Thousand Heads," from the numbers that fell there; and there are two other passes where much carnage took place before the Irish outposts were driven across the stream and morass upon their main army, of which one is called Barna Chaugh, or "The Gap of Grief," and another Craugh, or "The Place of Sorrowing." The parish, which is close on the confines of Roscommon, comprises 6981 statute acres, of which 5246 are applotted under the tithe act, and about 1736 are waste and bog. The Grand Canal from Dublin terminates at the town of Ballinasloe. The principal seats are Garbally Park, the residence of the Earl of Clancarty; Macknee, of Archdeacon Trench: Cahir, of J. Dillon, Esq.; Kelly's Grove, of W. Kelly, Esq.; Persse Park, of S. Masters, Esq., J. P.; Nutley, of N. Ash, Esq.; Grange, of C. Stanford, Esq.; and the Cottage, of M. Colahan, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Clonfert; the rectory is partly appropriate to the see and to the deanery, and partly united with the vicarage, which forms a portion of the union of Creagh. The tithes amount to £125. 17. 7 3/4. The church is in Ballinasloe, a plain cruciform structure with a lofty octagonal spire. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Ballinasloe; the chapel there is a neat edifice, built by subscription. There are two places of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. About 210 children are taught in a public school; and there are six private schools, in which are about 150 children. A chalybeate spa, issuing from the bog at Poolboy, has been enclosed by the Earl of Clancarty, who has built a handsome room over it.--See BALLINASLOE.
KILCLUNEY, or KILCLOONEY, a district parish, partly in the barony of LOWER ORIOR, but chiefly in that of LOWER FEWS, county of ARMAGH, and province of ULSTER, 2 miles (S. W.) from Markethill, on the road from Newry to Armagh; containing 7627 inhabitants. It was constituted, in 1792, by disuniting 22 townlands from the parish of Mullaghbrack, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 12,833 1/4 statute acres, of which 3109 are heath and bog, and the remainder in a high state of cultivation. At Carricklane is a quarry of good clay-slate, from which was raised the stone for building Gosford Castle. Lead ore has been also found in considerable quantities, and there are indications of coal. The weaving of linen and cotton cloth is carried on. It is in the diocese of Armagh, and on its separation from Mullaghbrack, a perpetual curacy, in the gift of the Prebendary of Mullaghbrack, was instituted, under the provisions of an act of the 7th of Geo. III.; and a church was built at Glassdrummond, a plain neat edifice, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £500. The glebe-house, towards which the same Board granted £450 as a gift and £50 as a loan, is a handsome building, situated on a glebe of 22 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Lisnadill, or Ballymacnab: the chapel is a large and handsome edifice at Clady. There are two places of worship for Presbyterians in connection with the Seceding synod, one of the first class at Redrock, the other at Ballylane. There are eight public schools, some of which are aided by donations from the Rev. Dr. Blacker, others by Lords Charlemont and Gosford, and the parochial school by the prebendary and perpetual curate: they afford instruction to about 680 children. Some vestiges yet exist of the old church of Kilcluney, which was burnt in 1641, and also of a bawn built in 1619 by H. Achison, Esq., which was destroyed at the same time. Cairn-amnhanaghan, or "The Vicar's Cairn," which is noticed more particularly under the head of Mullaghbrack, is in this district.
KILCOAN, a parish, in the barony of IDA, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER; containing 441 inhabitants, and 2075 statute acres. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ossory, episcopally united in 1779 to Kilbride, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £113. 1. 11 1/2., and of the union, to £158. 1. 11 1/2. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Slieruagh.
KILCOAN, county of WEXFORD.--See KILCOWAN.
KILCOCK, a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of IKEATHY and OUGHTERANY, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 10 1/2 miles (S. E. by S.) from Trim, and 14 1/2 miles (W.) from Dublin, on the road to Galway; containing 2235 inhabitants, of which number, 1730 are in the town. This place, which is said to have derived its name from an ancient church or monastery, dedicated to St. Cocha, is situated on a stream called the Rye Water, which here forms the boundary of the county. The town consists of several small streets diverging from the market-square, and in 1831 contained 330 houses irregularly built, several of which are of handsome appearance. The inhabitants are amply supplied with excellent water from springs, and coal is brought down the Royal Canal, which passes by the town. Races are annually held on the common for three or four days, and are well attended. A large distillery and brewery have been established here. The market, which is toll-free, is on Wednesday, and is abundantly supplied with corn and potatoes, of which great quantities are purchased and sent by the canal to Dublin. The fairs, which are chiefly for cattle, sheep, and pigs, are on March 25th, May 11th, Aug. 11th, and Sept. 29th; and additional fairs have been recently established on Feb. 4th, July 14th, Oct. 22nd, Nov. 24th, and Dec. 13th. Here is a constabulary police station. The parish is chiefly rich pasture land, appropriated for the fattening of stock for the Dublin market, and for exportation; what little is under tillage is well cultivated on the improved system and is very productive. The surrounding scenery is pleasingly diversified, and within the parish are Courtown, the seat of John Aylmer, Esq., and Laragh, of James Gannon, Esq., both situated in demesnes richly wooded. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Kildare, episcopally united in 1811 to the vicarages of Hortland and Cloncurry and the rectory of Downings, forming the union of Kilcock, in the patronage of the Crown; the rectory is impropriate in Lord Cloncurry. The tithes amount to £168, of which £56 is payable to the impropriator, and £112 to the vicar. The church is a very old edifice in indifferent repair. The glebe comprises 13 acres, but there is no glebe-house. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Cloncurry, Hortland, and Clonshamboe; there is a chapel in the town, and also one at Newtown, in the parish of Hortland. About 220 children are taught in two public schools, one of which is aided by a donation from Mr. Gannon; and there are also two private schools, in which are about 40 children, and a dispensary.
KILCOCKAN, a parish, in the barony of COSHBRIDE, county of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 6 miles (E. S. E.) from Tallow, on the river Black water; containing 1461 inhabitants. It comprises 6827 statute acres, and includes the modern castle of Strancally, the seat of J. Keily, Esq., the proprietor of the parish, who intends rebuilding the village. The castle is a large Gothic building, in a richly planted demesne of above 1000 acres. The parish is in the diocese of Lismore; the rectory is impropriate in the Duke of Devonshire and J. Keily, Esq., and the vicarage forms part of the union of Templemichael. The tithes amount to £236. 4. 0 1/2., of which £69. 4. 7 1/2. is payable to each of the impropriators, and £97. 14. 9 1/2. to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Templemichael, also called Knockanore, or Kilwatermoy, and has a chapel recently erected. Here are the ruins of the ancient castle of Strancally, which formerly belonged to the Earls of Desmond. After its forfeiture by that family, it was granted by Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Raleigh, by whom it was assigned to the Earl of Cork. This castle appears to have been partially demolished with gunpowder a long time since, and was recently struck by lightning, which caused a large portion of it to fall into the Blackwater.
KILCOE, a parish, in the Western Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (W.) from Skibbereen, on the river Roaring Water, and the road to Rock Island; containing 2316 inhabitants. It comprises 3232 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2030 per annum. The surface is rocky and uneven, and not more than one-third of the land is in cultivation; the remainder consists of bare rocks of clay-slate, intermixed with small tracts of bog; the land under tillage is chiefly in small patches amidst the rocks, and is generally cultivated by the spade; the manure is brought to it on the backs of horses, and the produce carried off in the same manner; some of the higher grounds afford tolerable pasturage for young cattle. The scenery is wild, and marked with features of rugged grandeur; the glen, through which the river rushes with furious impetuosity, forming numerous cataracts in its progress to the bay to which it gives name, abounds with young and thriving plantations, and is finely contrasted with the sterility around it. In this romantic glen is Roaring Water House, the residence of J. O'Sullivan, Esq., who has erected mills, corn stores, and quays on the banks of the river; and Greenmount, of Capt. Long. Two manorial courts are held here monthly, by the seneschals of the bishop of Ross and Thos. Hungerford, Esq., respectively. The parish is in the diocese of Ross; the rectory is partly impropriate in Lord Riversdale, and partly constitutes a portion of the archdeaconry of Ross; the vicarage is united with that of Cape Clear, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £300, of which half is payable to the impropriator and the archdeacon, and half to the vicar. The church, a small edifice, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £600, is nearly in the centre of the parish. There is neither glebe-house , nor glebe. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Aghadown: the chapel is a large edifice, situated near the Roaring Water. About 60 children are taught in the parochial school, and there is a private school, in which are about 80 children. On a point of land at the head of Roaring Water bay are the extensive remains of Kilcoe castle, built by the McCartys, lords of Clandermot, and consisting principally of a large massive square tower, with a small turret; and at no great distance, close to the shore, are the ruins of the old parish church. Several swords and spear-heads of bronze were found in 1825, by some labourers quarrying stone; they were all in good preservation.
KILCOLA, a parish, in the barony of BOYLE, comity of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (E.) from Frenchpark, on the road from that place to Carrick-on-Shannon; containing 2363 inhabitants. It comprises 3097 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which about one-tenth is bog, and the remainder arable or pasture land. Bella is the seat of E. French, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Elphin; the rectory forms part of the union of Shankhill, and corps of the precentorship of Elphin; and the vicarage is part of the union of Easter-Snow. The tithes amount to £64. 12. 3 1/2., and are equally divided between the precentor and the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is included in the union or district of Croghan and Ballynameen, which is also called Killucan, and has a chapel at Knockglass. About 140 children are educated in two private schools.
KILCOLEMAN, a parish, in the barony of BARRETTS, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 9 1/2 miles (W. by N.) from Cork, on the road to Killarney, and on the river Dripsey; the population is returned with Magourney, the boundary between the two parishes being now unknown. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, forming part of the union of Magourney. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Aghabologue.
KILCOLEMAN, a parish, partly in the barony of MAGONIHY, but chiefly in that of TRUGHENACKMY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, on the mail road to Cahirciveen; containing, with the post-town of Milltown, 4970 inhabitants. In the reign of Hen. III., Geoffry de Mauriscis founded a priory at Killagh, for Canons Regular of the order of St. Augustine, which was dedicated to the Blessed Virgin: the abbot was a lord of parliament. It was endowed with large possessions in several parts of the county, which, together with the site, were at the dissolution granted to Capt. Spring, but were forfeited by him after the wars of 1641. The abbey now forms part of the estate of Sir J. Godfrey, Bart., to whose ancestor, Major Godfrey, the lands of Kilcoleman and the contiguous parishes of Killorglin, Kiltalla, and Kilgarrilander, were granted by Chas. II. on his restoration, when several English families settled here, some of whose descendants still remain. The parish, which is bounded on the north by the river Maine, and on the west by the harbour of Castlemaine, comprises 7589 1/2 statute acres, of which 6634 1/2 consist of arable and pasture land, 745 of bog, and 210 of woodland. The soil is mostly a heavy clay; it produces good crops of grain and potatoes, and the state of agriculture is gradually improving. The principal seat is Kilcoleman Abbey, the residence of Sir J. Godfrey, which has been lately remodelled in the Elizabethan style, and is surrounded by an extensive and finely wooded demesne. Attached to the demesne is a neat cottage, called Fort Agnes, built on the edge of a circular hollow surrounded by a Danish moat or rath, and thickly planted. The glebe-house, a substantial mansion, is the residence of the Rev. R. Hewson. The living is a perpetual cure, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, and in the patronage of the representatives of Lord Glandore; the rectory is impropriate in the Hon. and Rev. F. Mullins, to whose lessees the tithes, amounting to £323. 1. 6., are entirely payable, and who allows a stipend to the curate. The church, at Milltown, is a neat edifice, with a lofty square tower, surmounted by octangular pinnacles; it was erected in 1822, on a site presented by Sir John Godfrey, by aid of two loans of £900 and £100 from the late Board of First Fruits. The glebe-house was built about the same period, for which the Board granted £450 as a gift, and £50 as a loan: the glebe comprises eight acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Milltown, where the principal chapel is situated. In the public school at Milltown about 120 children are educated; and about 70 are taught in two private schools. Of the abbey, which was a building of considerable size and strength, and constructed of a kind of dark marble, the walls and the noble east window are still nearly entire, and, from the style of the architecture, appears to be of a more recent date than that of its original foundation. Near the abbey are the ruins of the old church, with a burial-ground attached, which is still used. Besides the fort already mentioned there are several others, commonly called "Danish" forts.--See MILLTOWN.
KILCOLEMAN, a parish, partly in the barony of BALLYBRITT, but chiefly in that of CLONLISK, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S. by E.) from Parsonstown, on the road to Roscrea; containing 2199 inhabitants. This parish derives its name from a religious house founded here in the 6th century, by St. Colman, son of Aengus, King of Munster, which subsequently became the parish church, but of which there are now no remains. It comprises 6628 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3713 per annum. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, the former constituting part of the union of Parsonstown, and the latter of that of Ettagh; the tithes amount to £198. 9. 2 3/4. Divine service is performed every Sunday in a private house licensed for that purpose. In the R. C. divisions the parish is united to that of Ettagh, in each of which is a chapel. About 25 children are taught in a school at Mountmask, supported by Mr. Synge; and there are five private schools, in which are about 160 children.
KILCOLEMAN, a parish, in the Shanid Division of LOWER CONNELLO, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (S. W.) from Shanagolden, on the road to Newcastle; containing 510 inhabitants. It comprises 4310 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £1818. 4. 6. per annum; more than three-fourths of the land is rough mountain pasture, in some places occupied by loose fibrous turbary, and the remainder is under tillage. The system of agriculture is improved, and there is little waste land but what might be reclaimed at a trifling expense. Great numbers of young cattle are reared in the mountain pastures. Limestone abounds, and the more elevated parts are of the coal formation. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to £70. There is neither church nor glebe-house: the former was destroyed in the war of 1641, and has not been rebuilt; the glebe comprises 5 1/2 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the union of Coolcappagh; the chapel is a small modern edifice. Near it are the remains of Castle-Egney, consisting only of one slender square tower; and in the immediate neighbourhood are the remains of several others. About 40 children are taught in a private school.
KILCOLEMAN, a parish, in the barony of CLANMORRIS, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, on the road from Ballinrobe to Castlerea; containing, with the market and post-town of Clare, 8388 inhabitants. A Carmelite friary was founded here in the 13th century by the Prendergast family, which at the dissolution was granted to Sir John King. The parish comprises 22,886 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £6930 per annum; above one-third is arable, one-fourth pasture, and the remainder waste and bog; limestone is plentiful. Here is Claremount, the seat of J. Browne, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Tuam, and in the gift of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £304. 12. 3 3/4. The church is in Clare, and there is a glebe-house and glebe. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; there are chapels at Clare and Barnycarrol, and in the ancient abbey of Ballinasmale are a few monks, who perform divine service regularly. There is a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists in Clare. About 200 children are educated in three public schools, to one of which Mrs. Browne contributes £10, and to another the Rev. M. Havern £4. 4., annually; and about 350 are taught in nine private schools.--See CLARE or CLARE-MORRIS.
KILCOLEMAN, a parish, partly in the barony of COOLAVIN, county of SLIGO, but chiefly in that of COSTELLO, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT, on the new mail coach road from Longford to Ballina; containing, with the market and post-town of Ballaghadireen, 5021 inhabitants. It comprises 13,030 statute acres, of which 5880 are bog; the land is in general of very inferior quality, and the system of agriculture unimproved. Limestone is very scarce, but there are some quarries of freestone of very good quality. The seats are Edmondstown, the residence of the Costello family; Clogher, of R. Holmes, Esq.; and Coolavin House, of C. J. McDermot, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Achonry; the rectory is impropriate in Lord Dillon, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Castlemore. The tithes amount to £190, payable in moieties to the impropriator and the vicar. The church in Ballaghadireen is a small building, serving for the vicarial union; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £110 for its repair. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also Castlemore, and containing chapels at Ballaghadireen and Cragaduff. There are six public schools, some of which are aided by donations from Lord Dillon, Mr. Holmes, and the incumbent, affording instruction to about 580 children; and there is a private school, in which are about SO children. There are some remains of the old parish church.--See BALLAGHADIREEN.
KILCOLEMAN, county of CORK.--See DONERAILE.
KILCOLEMANBANE, a parish, partly in the barony of CULLINAGH, but chiefly in that of MARYBOROUGH EAST, QUEEN'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 2 1/2 miles (S. S. E.) from Maryborough, on the road from that place to Ballinakill; containing 1223 inhabitants. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the. diocese of Leighlin, and forms part of the union of Maryborough: the tithes amount to £160. In the R. C. divisions also it is part of the union or district of Maryborough. About 35 children are educated in a public, and 55 in a private, school.
KILCOLGAN, a parish, partly in the barony of LOUGHREA, partly in KILTARTAN, but chiefly in DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (S. by E.) from Oranmore, on the road from that place to Ardrahan; containing 1240 inhabitants. An abbey is said to have been founded here in 580, over which St. Colgan presided. The parish comprises 5128 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and contains some limestone. An inlet of the bay of Galway extends up to it, and is navigable for small boats; large quantities of seaweed are collected for manure. Tyrone is the seat of A. F. St. George, Esq. The living is a vicarage in the diocese of Kilmacduagh, episcopally united, about 1735, to the vicarages of Kinvarra, Stradbally, Killely, Killeeny, Dromacoa, Killinen, Killenavara, Duras, Kilcooly, and Bullane, together forming the union of Kilcolgan, in the patronage of the Bishop: the rectory is appropriate partly to the see, and partly to the provostship, and partly to the prebend of Kinvarra, in the cathedral of Kilmacduagh. The tithes amount to £189, of which £42. is payable to the bishop, £68. 5. to the provost, £26. 5. to the prebendary, and £52. 10. to the vicar: the entire tithes of the benefice amount to £322. 6. Here is a chapel, also a parochial school.
KILCOLLUM, or KILCOLM, a parish, in the barony of IDA, county of KILKENNY, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (N. N. E.) from Waterford, on the river Barrow; containing 2139 inhabitants. This parish comprises 7781 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £4800 per annum. It is in the diocese of Ossory; the rectory is impropriate in Sir Ellis Leighton, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Dunkit. The tithes amount to £480, of which two-thirds are payable to the impropriator and one-third to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Slieruagh. About 160 children are educated in a school supported by Lady Esmonde, who also supports a Sunday school.
KILCOMAN, a parish, in the barony of CLONLISK, KING'S county, and province of LEINSTER, 3/4 of a mile (N. W.) from Shinrone, on the river Brosna; containing 1791 inhabitants. St. Cumin, who died in 668, founded an abbey here of which there are still some remains. The parish comprises 3175 statute acres. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, and forms part of the union of Shinrone: the tithes amount to £156. 18. 5 1/2. In the R. C. divisions also it is included in the union or district of Shinrone. About 60 children are educated in a public school, and there is also a Sunday school.
KILCOMB, a parish, partly in the barony of GOREY, but chiefly in that of SCARAWALSH, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 4 1/2 miles (S. W. by S.) from Gorey; containing 1147 inhabitants. It comprises 5441 statute acres, chiefly in tillage, and valued at £2117 per annum. Here is Camolin Park, occupied by J. Edwards, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Ferns, and the rectory forms part of the union and prebend of Tomb in the cathedral of Ferns: the tithes amount to £204. 18. 5 1/2. In the R. C. divisions it is in the union or district of Ferns, and has a chapel at Ballyduff. About 40 children are educated in a public and 50 in a private school.
KILCOMENTY, or BALLINAHINCH, a parish, in the barony of OWNEY and ARRA, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (N. by E.) from Newport, on the mail coach road from Nenagh to Limerick; containing 2334 inhabitants. This parish, which is bounded on the west by the Shannon, comprises 4817 statute acres, of which about 400 are waste and bog, and the remainder profitable arable and pasture land in a good state of cultivation. The soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture improved; limestone is quarried extensively for agricultural purposes and for building, and marl and sand are also used for manure. Great numbers of cattle are fattened on the lands of Mr. Atkins, who has a very extensive farming establishment. The scenery is strikingly bold and varied, comprising a chain of mountains to the southeast of the parish, among which the lofty Keeper is conspicuous. The principal seats are Bird Hill, the residence of S. H. Atkins, Esq.; Cragg, of R. Going, Esq.; Parteen, of R. Twiss, Esq.; and Corrigeen, of G. Maunsell, Esq. Direct communication is afforded by the canal to Dublin, and numerous rivulets issuing from the mountains intersect the parish. A constabulary police force is stationed here. The parish is in the diocese of Cashel, and is a rectory and vicarage, forming part of the union of Kilnerath, or St. John's, Newport: the tithes amount to £323. 1. 6 1/2. In the R. C. divisions also it is included in the union or district of Kilnerath, or Ballinahinch; the chapel is at Bird Hill, at which place a school is about to be established, and there are four private schools, in which are about 340 children. At Cragg are the ruins of an ancient church and castle; and there are some Danish raths used as places of interment. Philip of Worcester, chief governor of Ireland in 1184, founded here a priory, which he dedicated to St. Philip, St. James, and St. Cumin, and placed in it Benedictine monks from the abbey of Glastonbury, in Somersetshire.
KILCOMMICK, a parish, partly in the barony of ABBEYSHRUEL, partly in that of MOYDOW, but chiefly in that of RATHCLINE, county of LONGFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 3 1/4 miles (N. W. by N.) from Ballymahon, on the road from that place to Longford; containing 3806 inhabitants. It comprises 7171 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £5775 per annum. There is much bog, also limestone containing shells and susceptible of a high polish. The Royal Canal runs through the southern part of the parish: near Mosstown is a flour-mill. The principal seats are Mosstown, that of A. J. Kingston, Esq.; Lisglassick, of J. R. Robinson, Esq.; Ledwithstown, of W. Ledwith, Esq.; Lislea, of J. C. Bickerstaff, Esq.; and Glanrnore, of Newcomen Armstrong, Esq. Mosstown was defended by the Newcomens in 1641, but was obliged to capitulate; it was also garrisoned for King William by the same family, and was unsuccessfully besieged by James's forces. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardagh, and patronage of the Archbishop of Tuam: the tithes amount to £277. The church is in Kenagh. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe of 173 acres. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and is called Clough, where there is a chapel. Divine service is also performed in a private house. At Kenagh is a Primitive Methodist meeting-house. About 130 children are educated in two public schools, to one of which the Countess of Rosse gives £15 per ann., besides a house and three acres of land, and to the other £14 per ann.; and about 250 children are taught in five private schools. Several raths and the ruins of the old church remain, and at Ballynock and Mosstown are two dilapidated castles.-- See KENAGH.
KILCOMMIN, county of MAYO.--See KILCUMMIN.
KILCOMMON, a parish, in the barony of ERRIS, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT; containing, with the sea-port and post-town of Belmullet, 13,667 inhabitants. This very extensive parish, which includes the harbour of Broadhaven, comprises 211,906 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £8674 per annum; 8519 acres are waste, and 1844 are water. The surface is mountainous, with extensive tracts of bog; between the mountains are deep valleys, which are productive; but towards the sea the lands are very bleak and exposed to the western blasts, by which the crops are frequently destroyed. The mountain soils might be easily reclaimed by the use of a silicious marly gravel, which is found in various parts of the parish, but agriculture is in a very backward state; spade husbandry is generally prevalent. Limestone abounds in the eastern portion of the parish, and there are some quarries of good flag-stone, which is used for building; iron ore of good quality is found in abundance, and some mines were opened and a furnace for smelting the ore was erected by Sir Arthur Shean, but from the great expense of procuring fuel, the works were discontinued. The scenery is wild and romantic, abounding with features of rugged grandeur; the mountains, of which that called Shenachabine, or John Cabine, is 927 feet above the level of the sea, and abounds with grouse and other game, form a vast amphitheatre from north-west to south-east; and nearly in the centre of the parish is Lough Curramore, 8 miles in circumference, and abounding with salmon and trout. The principal seats are Tarmoncarra Glebe, the residence of the Rev. W. P. Dawson; Enver, of J. Gibbons, Esq.; Rossport House, of S. Bourns, Esq.; Cross Cottage, of D. O'Donnelly, Esq.; Rimoe, of Lieut. A. Henry, R. N.; Bangor Lodge, of Lieut. Bingham; Pallatomas, of J. O'Donnell, Esq.; Pickle Point, of -- Cashe, Esq.; and Croy Lodge, of Con O'Donnell. Esq. Monthly fairs are held at Belmullet (which see), and fairs are held at Bangor on the 20th of Jan., Feb., March, April, and July, the 11th of June, August, and Dec., 10th of May, 8th of Sept., and 16th of Oct. and Nov., for cattle, sheep, pigs, and yarn.
The principal rivers are the Owenmore, which enters the parish near the bridge of Carrick, and falls into the bay of Tulloghane at Goolamore, and on which is a valuable salmon fishery, the property of Major Cormack; the Munshine, which issues from Lough Curramore, and falls into the Owenmore; the Glenamory, which falls into the harbour of Broadhaven, and is also celebrated for its salmon; and the river Greyhound, so called from the rapidity of its current. The shore is extremely bold, rising in perpendicular cliffs of great height, perforated in some parts with immense caverns, one of which is 700 feet high at the entrance. The harbour of Broadhaven is separated from Blacksod bay by an isthmus connecting the peninsula of the Mullet with the main land, and is 6 3/4 miles long from the entrance, which is 3/4 of a mile wide, to the town of Belmullet. It affords good anchorage, of sufficient depth for any vessels; but there is room only for two large or four small ships to ride in shelter from northerly winds, at half-cable length to the eastward and westward; the anchorage is between two spots of sand, one stretching from Ringtail Head on the west, and the other from Rinishummuck on the east side. To the north-east of the harbour is Binwy Head, 900 feet in height; off which are the Stags of Broadhaven, remarkably high rocks visible at a great distance, and serving to distinguish this part of the coast, which to Killala bay is clear of rocks and shoals, the shore being mostly steep cliffs indented with small fishing coves. To the north of the entrance to Broadhaven bay, off Binwy Head, is Kid island. It is in contemplation to cut through the isthmus separating the harbour from Blacksod bay, which is only 200 yards in width, and to connect these harbours, which are defended from the Atlantic by the breakwater of the Mullet, 15 miles in length, opening entrances both from the north and south, and affording full security to vessels sailing in and out of the harbour; thus rendering them as safe and commanding as any on the western coast of Ireland.
The whole line of coast is characterised by features of striking magnificence: the cliff scenery between Balderig, to which is a branch leading from the new road from Killala to Erris, and Kilgalligan Head is unrivalled for grandeur and beauty, and the intersections and trap dykes between those places afford highly interesting geological specimens. In rowing along the shore, to the westward of Balderig, is Moista Sound, a remarkable passage, little more than a cable's length from one extremity to the other, and so narrow as to preclude the use of oars; it is bounded on both sides by perpendicular walls of rock, more than 500 feet high; and the space between them was most probably filled by a trap dyke, the decomposition of which, either from the perishable nature of the material, or from some chymical action, has perhaps formed this interesting chasm. Near Port Twiling, a coast-guard station, eight miles from Balderig, and affording good shelter for boats, is the Natural Arch, 30 feet high, which may be rowed through at half-tide in moderate weather with perfect safety; a key-stone of trap, 12 feet high, extends from the centre of the arch nearly to the summit of the cliff, where it is continued along a hollow, indicating a subsidence of the dyke at some former period, a recurrence of which may probably produce another sound similar to that of Moista; at the eastern extremity of the archway is a perpendicular cliff, 618 feet high. About 1 1/2 mile from the archway is a headland, remarkable for its beauty and the fanciful contortions of its strata; and about a mile farther to the west is the mouth of Fort-a-Clay, an interesting small haven, where is a coast-guard station, with good shelter for boats. Near this is the entrance to a cavern called the Parlour, situated at the northern extremity of the lofty promontory of Doonrinalla: the entrance is through an archway, 30 feet high, and wide enough to allow a boat to be rowed into it; the main branch runs in a direct line, and gradually contracts in width and height, terminating in a fissure 10 or 12 feet high, and probably communicating with another cavern, called the Kitchen, on the south-west side. To the eastward of the Parlour are immense masses of detached rock lying on an inclined plane. Binwy, or "the Yellow Mountain," rises perpendicularly on its north-west side to the height of 900 feet, and commands from its summit a most extensive and truly magnificent prospect. To the southwest are the deeply indented shores of the Mullet, the bays of Blacksod and Broadhaven, with the towering Achill in the distance; to the east are the Stags and the iron-bound range of coast between Binwy and Ben More, the Wedge, and Downpatrick Head, with the Sligo shore and the mountains of Donegal and Arranmore in the distance; to the north is the ocean, and to the south mountains rising above each other in majestic grandeur. Near Binwy is Renval, and near that are the ruins of an ancient strong hold, of which only the gateway is remaining. At Ross Ferry, or Ross Port, on the south side of Gutta mountain, are huge hills of sand, now covering a tract which, 50 years since, was as fertile as any in the barony. Between Renval and Ross Ferry a gradual subsidence of the land, or an elevation of the level of the sea, appears to have taken place; rocks appear in two places projecting above the surface of the strand, and a ridge of bog rises through the shingle to a level with high-water mark.
The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Killala, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is, appropriate to the precentorship of the cathedral of Killala. The tithes amount to £340, one-half payable to the precentor, and one-half to the vicar. There is no church, but divine service is regularly performed in the court-house at Belmullet, and occasionally in private houses in different parts of the parish. There is no glebe-house; the glebe comprises 35 1/2 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms the three districts of Ballycroy, in which is an old thatched building at Cross Hill, used as a chapel; Kilcommon West, in which is a chapel built in 1832, at an expense of £300, by subscription; and Kilcommon East, of which the chapel is at Bangor. There are 14 schools, all of which are private, and the total number of children educated is 450. At Kiltairn, on the banks of the Owenmore, are the remains of an ancient abbey, and also of the old parish church; at Kilgalligan, are the ruins of a monastery; and at Doona, the remains of a castle belonging to the celebrated Grace O'Malley, known by the name of Gran-Uile. Near Pallatomas is an ancient burial-ground. The parish is rich in minerals, among which are found the Greenland pot stone, the rutil, kyanite, white limestone, feldspar, rock crystal, garnet, micaceous quartz, and other varieties. In the townland of Enver there is a druidical altar, consisting of three upright stones supporting a large flag-stone. In January, 1835, a labourer discovered several gold coins in a field on that townland; and great numbers of shillings of the reigns of the Edwards and Hen. VIII. are frequently dug up in various parts. The Rev. W. Maxwell wrote the greater portion of his works at Croy Lodge, the neighbourhood of which was the scene of his "Wild Sports of the West."--See BELMULLET.
KILCOMMON, a parish, in the barony of KILMAINE, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT; containing, with the post-town of Hollymount, 6507 inhabitants. It comprises 6339 statute acres, of which about 400 are woodland and 500 bog. Agriculture is improving; and near Hollymount is a model agricultural school, established by the Mansion-House Relief Committee of 1822. The building and stock cost £3000, but the school, which was built on an acre of land given by Mr. Lindsey, has very few pupils. Limestone is found here. The surrounding country is agreeably diversified, and is adorned with numerous well-planted demesnes. The principal seats in the parish are Hollymount House, the residence of T. S. Lindsey, Esq.; Closecormack House, of J. K. Gildea, Esq.; Bushfield, of Annesley Knox, Esq.; Purranes, of A. Bell, Esq.; Ballyheragh St. Leger, of B. St. Leger, Esq.; Balaheragh Lodge, of M. Lindsey, Esq.; Greham, of R. Bowen, Esq.; Annefield, of A. E. Bowen, Esq.; Mount Jenings, of B. Jenings, Esq.; of J. Gildea, Esq.; Carraville, of R. Fair, Esq.; and Fortville, of T. Fair, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, united by act of parliament, in 1703, to the rectories and vicarages of Robeen and Taghkeen, forming the union of Kilcommon, in the patronage of the Archbishop: the tithes amount to £339. 13. 10 1/4., and of the entire union to £651. 0. 1 1/4. The old church, which was in Hollymount, was a chapel of ease, built in 1688 by Archbishop Vesey, who was buried in it, and was made the parish church on the church of Kilcommon becoming ruinous. The present church, which is also in Hollymount, was built in 1816, the late Board of First Fruits having granted a loan of £1000; it is a handsome building, with a cast-iron spire, and is fitted up with English oak. The family vault of Lord Clanmorris, and monuments of the Lindsey and Ruttledge families are in the churchyard. For the erection of the glebe-house, the Board, in 1819, gave £100 and lent £1200: the glebe comprises 8a. 3r. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising Kilcommon and Robeen, and has two chapels in the former parish; that at Carra, built in 1830 at an expense of £1200, is a handsome building, with galleries; that at Roundfort has a tall square tower. About 200 children are educated in five public schools, two of which were built and are supported by Mr. Lindsey, and about 250 in three private schools. Here are the remains of some ancient forts; and elks' horns, coins of Queen Elizabeth's reign, and military weapons have been discovered at different times.--See HOLLYMOUNT.
KILCOMMON, a parish, in the barony of BALLINACOR, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER; containing, with the post-town of Tinahely, 3470 inhabitants. It comprises 11,119 acres of moderately fertile land, in a good state of cultivation, the system of agriculture having been greatly improved under the influence of the Shillelagh Agricultural Society: there are some mountain land and peat bog. The principal seats are Ballybeg, the residence of Mrs. Symes; Rockingham, of the Rev. W. Barber; Town View, of H. Morton, Esq.; Ballyshonogue, of R. Bates, Esq.; and the residence of the parish priest, which was built by Earl Fitzwilliam. The parish is in the diocese of Ferns, and is a rectory, forming part of the union and prebend of Crosspatrick in the cathedral of Ferns: the tithes amount to £456. 18. 5 3/4. The church, a neat building, was enlarged in 1820, for which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £700. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising the parishes of Kilcommon, Preban, and Kilpipe, and called Killavany and Tinahely: there are chapels at Killavany and Crossbridge, both of which were erected by Earl Fitzwilliam. About 90 children are educated in a public school, to which Earl Fitzwilliam subscribes £6 annually, and about the same number in a private school.--See TINAHELY.
KILCOMMON, or KILCOLMAN, a parish, in the barony of NEWCASTLE, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (N. E.) from Rathdrum, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Wexford; containing 858 inhabitants. This parish, in the civil divisions, is regarded as one of the four constablewicks constituting the parish of Wicklow; it comprises 2861 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the land is of good quality, and the system of agriculture improving; there are some tracts of waste land and bog in the mountainous parts. It is a chapelry, in the diocese of Dublin and Glendalough, forming part of the union of Wicklow: the tithes amount to £111. 1. 9 1/2. In the R. C. divisions, also, it forms part of the union or district of Wicklow. About 20 children are taught in the parochial school, which is aided by Archdeacon Magee, and has a house and an acre of land given by Mr. Bailey, of Ballyarthur; and there are two private schools, in which are about 60 children. Within a mile of Rath-drum are the ruins of the old church, and at Ballynakill are the remains of an old castle.
KILCONDUFF, a parish, in the barony of GALLEN, county of MAYO, and province of CONNAUGHT; containing, with the post-town of Swinford, 5951 inhabitants. The greater part is in tillage, but there are large tracts of bog and mountain land; flag-stones are abundant; pearls are found in the river Moy, and there are chalybeate and sulphureous springs. The principal seats are Brabazon Park, the residence of Sir W. Brabazon, Bart.; Swinford, of .J. D. Ellard, Esq.; the glebe-house, of the Dean of Killala; Fahyness, of I. P. O'Donnell, Esq.; and Midfield House, of P. Kelly, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Achonry; the rectory is impropriate in W. S. Bourke, Esq., and the vicarage was united episcopally, in 1805, to those of Kilbeagh and Meelick, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £366. 1. 6., which is equally divided between the impropriator and the vicar; and of the entire union, to £403. 15. 10 1/2. The church is a plain building, erected in 1810, for which the late Board of First Fruits gave £600, and recently repaired by a grant of £209 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The glebe-house has a glebe of 22 acres. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also Meelick, and containing a chapel in each. About 420 children are educated in seven private schools. Some of the ruins of Kilconduff and Kinaff churches still exist.-- See SWINFORD.
KILCONERAN, a parish, partly in the baronies of ATHENRY and LOUGHREA, but chiefly in that of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 3 miles (N. W. by N.) from Loughrea, on the road from that place to Galway; containing 1360 inhabitants. It comprises 4907 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and about 500 of bog. Lurgan is the seat of H. Gore Daly, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Clonfert; the rectory is appropriate to the bishoprick and the deanery, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Kilconickny. The tithes amount to £140. 3. 4 1/2., of which £15. 15. 8 1/4. is payable to the bishop, £4. 12. 3 3/4. to the dean, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the district of Carrabawn, or Lickerrig, and contains a chapel. About 100 children are educated in a public school. Here are the ruins of Seafin Castle.
KILCONICKNY, a parish, partly in the baronies of ATHENRY and LOUGHREA, but chiefly in that of DUNKELLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 2 1/2 miles (W. by N.) from Loughrea, on the road from that place to Galway; containing 2666 inhabitants. It comprises 8528 statute acres: there is no bog; limestone is procured for burning. The principal seats are St. Cleran's, the residence of J. H. Burke, Esq., and Dunsandall, of J. Daly, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert, episcopally united to the vicarages of Lickerrig, Kiltullagh, and Kilconeran, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is appropriate to the bishoprick, the deanery, the prebend of Killaspicmoylan, the rectory of Loughrea, and the vicars choral of Christ Church, Dublin. The tithes amount to £243. 12., of which £32. 6. 1 3/4. is payable to the bishop, £27. 13. 10 1/4. to the dean, £18. 9. 2 3/4. to the prebendary, £130. 1. 2 3/4. to the rector, £7. 7. 8 1/4. to the lessee of the vicars choral, and £27. 13. 10 1/2. to the vicar: the entire tithes of the benefice amount to £285. 7. 4 3/4. The church is at Lickerrig, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted £183 for its repair. There is a glebe-house, with a glebe of 7 1/4 and another of 25 acres in the union. Some remains of the ancient castle of St. Cleran yet exist.
KILCONLY, a parish, in the barony of DUNMORE, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 5 1/2 miles (N. W.) from Tuam, on the road from that place to Castlebar; containing 2555 inhabitants. The parish comprises 4716 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land is good, with the exception of a large tract of reclaimable bog. Limestone of good quality is abundant; and there are meal and flour-mills on a large scale. It is a constabulary police station, and petty sessions are held at the station-house at Milburn every Friday. The principal seats are Castlegrove, the residence of E. Blake, Esq.; Ironpool, of Ulick Jennings, Esq.; Rockwell, of G. Lynch, Esq.; Newborough, of J. Blake, Esq.; Kilshanway, of Capt. Lewin; Belmont, of Blake Birmingham, Esq.; Ashgrove, of T. Birmingham, Esq.; and Blindwell, of M. Staunton Kirwan, Esq. This estate has been in the possession of the Kirwan, or O'Quirivawn, family for many centuries: in 1822, part of the land suddenly sank, and the abyss was filled with water. Within the demesne are the ruins of a fortress, consisting of a keep, enclosed within four strong walls, with a turret at each corner: the entrance arch is in the Norman style, and in good preservation. The parish is in the diocese of Tuam; the rectory is appropriate to the vicars choral of the cathedral, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Tuam, and is in the patronage of the Archbishop. The tithes amount to £144. 10. 6 1/2., which is equally divided between the vicars choral and the incumbent. The church is a neat building, erected in 1830, at an expense of £1500. In the R. C. divisions it is united to Kilbannon, and a large chapel is in course of erection. About 130 children are educated in a public, and 80 in a private school.
KILCONLY, a parish, in the barony of IRAGHTICONNOR, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 10 1/2 miles (W. by S.) from Tarbert, on the southern shore of the estuary or mouth of the Shannon; containing 1660 inhabitants. Near the shore are the ruins of the ancient castles of Beale and Lick, the former of which (designated "Beau-lieu " in the Pacata Hibernia) was once a residence of the Earls of Kerry. In 1600 its fortifications were demolished by Patrick, the then earl: in the same year, however, the brave Maurice Stack, one of Queen Elizabeth's officers in the desultory war then carried on, was invited here by the earl's lady and treacherously murdered by her attendants. A dangerous bar, or quicksand, extends about a mile north from Beale Point, and nearly opposite Carrigaholt bay. The parish comprises 2942 statute acres, of which 188 are coarse pasture, 114 bog, and the remainder arable land, for manuring which sea-weed and sand are generally used. The mountain of Knockanure, 665 feet above the level of the sea, is partly in this parish; from its summit an extensive view of the Shannon is obtained, the shores of which are in this vicinity extremely pleasing. Litter House is the residence of G. Wren, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe; it is a rectory and vicarage, forming part of the corps of the treasurership of Ardfert. The tithes amount to £83. 1. 5 3/4., and there are two glebes, containing together about four acres. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Lisseltin. About 100 children are educated in a public school, and there are two private schools, in which are about 130 children. Near the ruins of Lick castle is a columnar cliff, called by the peasantry the "Devil's Castle," inaccessible except to sea fowl: its summit is sometimes frequented by eagles. In the vicinity are several caves, formed by the dashing of the waves against the cliffs.
KILCONNELL, a post-town and a parish, in the barony of KILCONNELL, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 30 1/2 miles (E. by N.) from Galway, and 785 (W. by S.) from Dublin; containing 1910 inhabitants. It derives its name from St. Conall, who was abbot here in the time of St. Patrick. A monastery of Franciscan friars was founded about 3400, by William O'Kelly, which was reformed by his son Malachy, in 1460: at the dissolution it was granted to Charles Calthorpe, Esq. The ruins are extremely interesting, and contain several inscriptions, coats of arms, &c.; it was a favourite burial-place for many of the most respectable families in Galway. The town contains 52 houses; it is a constabulary police station, and has a penny post to Aughrim; fairs are held on May 9th, Aug. 4th, Nov. 11th, and Dec. 18th; and a manorial court is held occasionally. The parish contains 4512 statute acres, including a small quantity of bog. The seats are Hillwood, the residence of Hyacinth Donnellan, Esq.; Ballinderry, of J. Comyn, Esq.; Carrowmanagh, of T. Bermingham, Esq.; Killagh, of Capt. Donnellan; and Mount, Evans, of G. Crewe, Esq. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Clonfert, forming, with the rectories and vicarages of Killane and Fohenagh, the union of Kilconnell, in the patronage of the Bishop; the rectory is appropriate to the see, the prebend of Kilconnell in the cathedral of Clonfert, and the vicarage. The tithes amount to £115. 7. 8., of which £18. 9. 2 3/4. is payable to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, £32. 6. 1 3/4. to the prebendary, and £64. 12. 3 3/4. to the vicar: and the entire tithes of the benefice amount to £266. 15. 4 1/2. In the R. C. divisions the parish is the head of a district, comprising also Aughrim, in each of which is a chapel; that of Kilconnell is a large and handsome building. About 170 children are educated in three private schools. On the lands of Calla are the ruins of an old castle, and a lake nearly a mile in circumference. A village in this parish, called in Irish Bollin Whin Shouge, or "Ash Village," gives the title of Baron to Lord Ashtown.
KILCONNELL, a parish, in the barony of MIDDLETHIRD, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (E.) from Cashel, on the road from that place to Fethard; containing 691 inhabitants, and 1981 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, It is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, and forms part of the union of Fethard: the tithes amount to £142. 11. 6. Here is a square tower in good preservation.
KILCONRY, a parish, in the barony of BUNRATTY, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, 3 1/2 miles (W. by S.) from Bunratty; containing 793 inhabitants. This parish is situated at the junction of the rivers Fergus and Shannon, by the former of which it is bounded on the west and by the latter on the south, and comprises 2709 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. It comprehends the three inhabited islands of Dynish, Fynish, and Innismacnaughten, which contain land of a superior quality for fattening cattle; and the rich corcass lands on the banks of the Fergus and Shannon yield a succession of 14 or 15 crops without manure of any description. At Isle Ruagh is a small quay, where sea-weed and turf are landed, and whence corn is occasionally sent in boats to Limerick. The gentlemen's seats are Stonehall, the residence of Thos. McMahon, Esq., and Carrigeary, of Major Creagh, both commanding extensive views of the estuary of the two rivers. The parish is in the diocese of Killaloe; the rectory forms part of the rectorial union of Tomfinlough or Traddery, in the patronage of the Earl of Egremont; and the vicarage is part of the vicarial union of Kilfinaghty, in the gift of the Bishop. The tithes amount to £105, two-thirds of which are payable to the rector and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Newmarket, which is held by the administrator of the R. C. bishop of Killaloe: the chapel is at Carrigeary. Near Stonehall is a small school.
KILCOO, a parish, in the barony of UPPER IVEAGH, county of DOWN, and province of ULSTER, 2 miles (S.) from Castlewellan, on the road from Newry to Downpatrick; containing 6520 inhabitants. It is situated on the eastern coast, at the base of Slieve Donard, and comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 18,205 1/2 statute acres, of which 15,741 are applotted under the tithe act. The surface is very uneven, and the land, with the exception of that around the village of Bryansford, cold, wet, and unproductive; its cultivation is also much impeded by the great number of stones which are scattered over it in every direction. The mountains of Slieve Donard (which has an elevation of 2796 feet above the level of the sea) and Slieve Bingian, of 2449 feet, are within the parish, forming part of a chain rising at Newcastle and extending to Rosstrevor, a distance of 20 miles; the northern sides are here covered with verdure, but the south and west sides present chiefly large tracts of bog. The principal seats are Tollymore Park, the elegant residence of the Earl of Roden, situated in a richly wooded and well watered demesne; Donard Lodge, the handsome mansion of the Earl of Annesley, erected in 1830 on the acclivity of Slieve Donard, and commanding some fine views; Brook Lodge, of W. Beers, Esq.; and Burren Cottage, of the Hon. Gen. Meade: there are also many very good houses at Bryansford and Newcastle (which see), and at Drumlee is the neat cottage of the Rev. J. Porter. The parish is in the diocese of Down, and the rectory forms part of the union of Kilkeel and corps of the treasurership of the cathedral of Down; the tithes amount to £300. The church, with the village of Kilcoo, was burnt in 1641, and in 1712 a church was built at Bryansford, which, being too small for the congregation, was considerably enlarged in 1806, when a handsome tower was added to it; and was repaired by aid of a grant from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1812. There is also a handsome church with a lofty tower at Newcastle, built in the year 1833, at the expense of Earl Annesley, who appoints the minister and pays his stipend. In the R. C. divisions the parish includes the districts of Bryansford and Kilcoo; there are three chapels, situated respectively at Brvansford, Newcastle, and Ballymony; and at Newcastle is also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A school at Fofeny was founded in 1822, by the Earl of Roden, who also built another for boys, with a house for the master, in 1826, and by whom both are supported. A school for girls at Bryansford, with a cottage for the mistress, was built in 1822, and is supported by the Countess of Roden; and there are schools at Lower Kilcoo, Ballymoney, and Ardaghy. About 650 children are taught in these schools, and there is also a private school, in which are about 40 children. On the western side of the parish, at Lough Island Reavy, a reservoir has been constructed for supplying water to the river Bann in dry weather; it covers an area of 255 acres, and when filled will contain a supply for 13 weeks; the expense to the river Bann Company has been estimated at £20,000. A new quay has been erected at Newcastle, to afford shelter to vessels passing the channel in stormy weather; the expense was defrayed by a grant from government, aided by a subscription from Earl Annesley.
KILCOOLE, a parish, in the barony of NEWCASTLE, county of WICKLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (E. N. E.) from Newtown-Mount-Kennedy, on the lower road from Bray to Wicklow; containing 2359 inhabitants, of which number, 469 are in the village. It is situated on the eastern coast, and originally formed part of the ancient territory called Crioch Cualan, the maritime portion of the country of the O'Byrnes, and subsequently of the district of Ranelagh, which for more than two centuries has given the title of Viscount to the family of Jones. The village comprises 76 houses, of which a few are well built and roofed with slate, but the greater number are small thatched dwellings; it has a constabulary police station, and fairs for live stock are held on Whit-Monday and Sept. 4th. On one side of the village green is a vast mass of clay-slate, called the rock of Kilcoole, interspersed with broad white veins of quartz, presenting a singular appearance; and near its base are the ruins of an ancient church, overspread with ivy, and surrounded by a cemetery, in which are many memorials of the Coolans and O'Byrnes. The parish comprises 6406 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, comprehending the Downs Hill, where are the ruins of an ancient church and burial-ground within the demesne of Arthur Hume, Esq., who resides in a beautiful cottage here. The soil varies greatly, and though in some parts rough and stony, is well adapted for tillage, and produces good crops, and some of the earliest potatoes brought into the market of Dublin are raised here. Towards the sea are large tracts of bog, affording excellent fuel. Numerous streams descending from the mountains intersect the parish, the largest of which is called the Three Trouts' River. Clay-slate and marl are found in great quantities; the former is used for repairing the roads, and the latter as manure. Among the gentlemen's seats is Altidore, the residence of the Rev. L.W. Hepenstal, situated in a long but narrow demesne of pleasing character, to which have been added the adjoining grounds of Hermitage, formerly the seat of Col. Carey, which has been recently taken down; the whole forming an interesting and truly picturesque demesne; a deep glen penetrates the hill and is embellished with various kinds of timber, some of which has attained a remarkable growth, and watered by a mountain stream that forms numerous cascades, above which is a grotto of shells of great variety and beauty. The other seats are Kilquade House, the residence of Hunter O'Reilly, Esq.; Spring Farm, of R. Hudson, Esq.; Darragh Villa, of G. Newton, Esq.; Ballygannon, the property of J. I. Scott, Esq., but now the residence of T . B. St. George, Esq.; Bromley, of Lady Harriet Daly; Bellefield, of J. Dick, Esq.; Tinny Park, of Myles Staunton, Esq.; Holy well, of the Rev. L. R. Delamere; Kilquade Rectory, of the Rev. C. B. Stennett; Seaview, of Mrs. Barry; Ballyronane, of Lieut.-Colonel Obins; and Dromin, of R. Murphy, Esq., all beautifully situated in tastefully disposed grounds, and commanding fine views of the sea and mountain scenery. Four fairs are held in the village of the Downs, chiefly for live stock. The parish is in the diocese of Dublin and Glendalough, and is a rectory and vicarage, forming part of the union of Delgany: the tithes amount to £269. 0. 4. The ruins of the old church and cemetery are enclosed with a stone wall, and part has been converted into a mausoleum for the family of Mr. Scott, of Ballygannon. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district called Kilquade and Kilmurry, comprising also the parishes of Newcastle and Delgany, with parts of those of Bray and Powerscourt; there are two chapels, situated respectively at Kilquade and Kilmurry, the former a handsome edifice of modern erection, and one dedicated to St. Patrick and the other to St. Catharine. About 300 children are taught in the public schools, of which two were built by Lady Harriet Daly, and are supported by Miss Daly, and one by Mr. Scott. In the village of the Downs are the remains of an old church, and also on the farm of Ballyhorsey; great numbers of human bones and skeletons have been dug up in the vicinity. On the demesne of Holywell is a spring, the water of which is considered efficacious in ague and palsy.
KILCOOLEY, a parish, in the barony of UPPER NAVAN, county of MEATH, and province of LEINSTER, 1 1/2 mile (E. by N.) from Trim, on the road from that place to Navan; containing 196 inhabitants. The land is principally under tillage, and there is some good pasturage, also limestone, which is quarried for building. Here is a large flour-mill. Rathnally, the seat of J. Thompson, Esq., is pleasantly situated in a well-planted demesne on the banks of the Boyne. The parish is in the diocese of Meath; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Drogheda, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Trim: the tithes amount to £108, of which £83. 1. 65. is payable to the impropriator, and £24. 18. 5 1/2. to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Churchtown.
KILCOOLEY, or KILHOOLY, a parish, in the barony and county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (S. W. by W.) from Strokestown, on the road to Frenchpark; containing 1779 inhabitants. This parish is principally under tillage, with some good grazing land; it is in a good state of cultivation, and there is no waste and but a small quantity of bog. Limestone of very good quality is quarried both for agricultural purposes and for building. The principal gentlemen's seats are Bloomfield, the residence of H. O'Farrell, Esq., M.D.; Ardkeena, of Mrs. Hawkes; Corbally, of T. Plunkett, Esq.; Cloona, of J. Gunning Plunkett, Esq.; and Lisnanean, of Capt. Nolan. Petty sessions are held every Wednesday. The parish is in the diocese of Elphin; the rectory forms the corps of the prebend of Kilcooley in the cathedral of Elphin, and the vicarage is part of the union of Ardclare: the tithes amount to £112. 14. 9., payable to the incumbent, one-half as prebendary and the other as vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parishes of Killuken and Ogulla, and containing two chapels; that of Kilcooley is on the townland of Cloncullane, and a school is attached to it. There are also five private schools, in which are about 350 children. A monastery was founded here by St. Bolcan, or Olcan, but at what period is unknown; and there are some remains of ancient forts.
KILCOOLY, a parish, in the barony of LEITRIM, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (E. by S.) from Loughrea, on the road to Eyrecourt; containing 610 inhabitants. It is said to have been formerly the residence of the celebrated chieftain Norah Oge, one of the ancestors of the present family of Clanricarde; there are still some remains, in good preservation, of the ancient castle, which appears to have been a place of formidable strength. The parish comprises 1374 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the lands are in a tolerable state of cultivation, and there is only a very inconsiderable portion of bog. The gentlemen's seats are Holly Hill, the residence of P. Kelly, Esq.; and Ballydavid, of A. Gore Daly, Esq. It is in the diocese of Clonf'ert; the rectory is appropriate to the deanery of Clonfert, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Kilcolgan: the tithes amount to £39. 13. 11., of which £27. 13. 11. is payable to the dean, and £12. to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union of Leitrim, and contains a chapel. There is a private school, in which are about 40 children.
KILCOOLY, a parish, in the barony of SLIEVARDAGH, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S.) from Johnstown; containing, with the town of New Birmingham, 3667 inhabitants. Donagh Carbragh O'Brien, King of Limerick, founded an abbey here for Cistertian monks, about 1200, which, at the Reformation, was granted to the Earl of Ormond: the ruins are extensive, and contain a fine east window and some handsome tombs of the Ikerrin branch of the Butler family: the proprietor, W. Barker, Esq., has lately erected a study, or summer-house, in them. The parish comprises 9052 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, of which the whole is arable and pasture, except about 300 acres of woodland. Limestone abounds, and coal and culm are found on Mr. Barker's estate. Kilcooly Abbey, the residence of Mr. Barker, stands in a well-planted demesne of above 1600 statute acres. On its eastern verge is a tower built to commemorate the battle of Waterloo, which, being on a high hill, serves as an excellent landmark. On the hills is a colony of Palatines, brought from the county of Limerick, about 60 years since, by the late Sir W. Barker, Bart. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £507. 13. 10 1/2. The church is a handsome modern structure. There is a glebe-house, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits, in 1818, gave £350 and lent £450: the glebe comprises 22 acres, for which £42. 12. per annum late currency is paid by the rector. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the district of Gurtnahoe, or Fennor, and has a chapel at New Birmingham. There is also a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists. About 280 children are educated in two public schools, to one of which Mr. and Lady Harriet Barker subscribe £20 per annum. There are some ruins of the castle of Grange. --See BIRMINGHAM (NEW).
KILCOONEY, a parish, in the barony of CLARE, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 4 miles (E. S. E.) from Headford, on Lough Corrib; containing 1281 inhabitants. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Tuam, forming part of the union of Headford: the tithes amount to £198. 10. 7 3/4. About 45 children are educated in a private school. St. Columb is said to have founded an abbey here.
KILCORCORAN, a parish, in the barony of DUHALLOW, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 miles (N. by W.) from Kanturk, on the road to Newmarket; containing 506 inhabitants. This small parish, which consists only of the townlands of Rossrine and Coolavota, is entirely isolated by the parish of Kilbrin, into which it has merged for civil purposes. It is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter, of whose economy fund the tithes, amounting to £60, form a part, and who allow the perpetual curate of Kanturk a small stipend for performing the occasional duties. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the district of Kanturk, and has a chapel at Coolavota. The ruins of the ancient church still remain in the burial-ground.
KILCORKEY, a parish, in the barony of BALLINTOBBER, county of ROSCOMMON, and province of CONNAUGHT, 2 miles (S. E.) from Frenchpark, on the new mail coach road from Longford to Ballina; containing 2897 inhabitants. It comprises 6102 statute acres, consisting of gently rising grounds intermixed with bogs, and including some excellent pasture, but the land on the banks of the streams that flow into Lough Gara produces rank grass from being frequently inundated. Limestone, freestone, and sandstone are obtained. Belanagare is the seat of E. O'Conor, Esq., and Mount Druid, of M. O'Conor, Esq. It is in the diocese of Elphin; the rectory forms part of the corps of the precentorship, and the vicarage of the archdeaconry: the tithes amount to £90, and are equally divided between the precentor and the archdeacon. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church, and has a chapel at Belanagare. About 170 children are educated in two public schools, to one of which Lord Mount-Sandford contributes £20 annually, and about 90 in a private school. Here are the ruins of a church and of several raths.--See BELANAGARE.
KILCORMUCK, KING'S county.--See FRANKFORD.
KILCORMUCK, a parish, partly in the barony of GOREY, but chiefly in that of BALLAGHKEEN, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. N. W.) from Oulart, on the roads from Enniscorthy and Ferns to the sea; containing 2500 inhabitants. The Wexford insurrection of 1798 first broke out in this parish, under the direction of the Rev. John Murphy, priest of Boulavogue, who, on the burning of the chapel at that place, collected his forces from the surrounding district, and advanced to Oulart Hill, where he encamped. The parish comprises 9660 statute acres, (exclusive of 52 acres of roads,) chiefly under tillage: the soil is fertile, and the system of agriculture has been greatly improved under the auspices of the North Wexford Agricultural Association. Marl, which is found in the parish, and lime brought from a considerable distance, are used for manure. Oulart Hill, at the southern extremity of the parish, is cultivated nearly to the summit, but the absorbent nature of the soil scarcely repays the expense of tillage. There are two small bogs, containing about 20 acres; good building stone is found; and slate has been lately discovered. Extensive plantations have been made at Mount George by Mr. Lee, and at Garryduff by Mr. Goodison. At Dranagh are several neat cottages with gardens attached, and the peasantry of this district generally exhibit in their persons and dwellings an appearance of neatness and comfort. Spinning and weaving are carried on by them at their own dwellings. Fairs are held at Harrow on March 21st, June 24th, Sept. 30th, and Dec. 1st. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Ferns, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £526. 3. 1. The church, a neat structure, was rebuilt in 1766, by aid of a gift of £200, and was enlarged and modernised in 1831, by a loan of £600 from the late Board of First Fruits. The glebe-house was built at an expense of £1800, of which the Board gave £100, in 1815. Near the church is a glebe of 22 1/2 acres. In the R. C. divisions this parish is partly in the district of Monageer, and partly in that of Oulart: the chapel is at Boulavogue. About 40 children are educated in a school chiefly maintained by the rector, under whose superintendence a Sunday school is held in the church. A school is also held in the R. C. chapel, in which, and in two private schools, about 130 children are educated.
KILCORNAN, a parish, in the barony of KENRY, county of LIMERICK, and province of MUNSTER, 1 mile (W.) from Pallas-Kenry, on the river Shannon and the lower road to Askeaton; containing 3840 inhabitants. This place was one of the chief stations, in this part of Ireland, of the Danes, who in 1041 erected a very strong fortress near the present village of Castletown, and the Danish chieftain having soon afterwards embraced the Christian faith, built a church near the fort of Moige. In 1164 another castle was erected, which soon after fell into the hands of the O'Donovans, by whom it was given up to the English; it afterwards became part of the possessions of the Earl of Desmond, on whose rebellion in the reign of Elizabeth it was forfeited, together with the manor, and was granted to Sir Hardress Waller, ancestor of the present proprietor. In the war of 1641 it was garrisoned for the king, but was taken the year following by the Irish under the command of Gen. Purcell, who kept possession of it till its surrender to Ireton, by whom it was garrisoned for Cromwell. The parish comprises 9637 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act; the lands towards the Shannon are fertile and under good cultivation, but towards the south are much encumbered with stones scattered in every direction, and with portions of rock rising above the surface; they are, notwithstanding, well fenced and drained, and together form one of the most fertile and best-cultivated districts in the South of Ireland. The principal seats are Castletown, the elegant residence of J. Waller, Esq., beautifully situated in a richly wooded demesne of 200 Irish acres, sloping gently to the river; Holly Park, the ancient residence of the Taylor family, now the property of Sir Aubrey de Vere, Bart.; Summerville, the ancient seat of Lord Charleville, now occupied by an agent; Castle Grey, of G. Langford, Esq.; Stonehall, of E. Langford, Esq.; and Bushy Island, of P. Low, Esq. There are also many large and substantial farm-houses, and several very neat cottages. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Limerick, and in the patronage of J. Waller, Esq.: the tithes amount to £646. 3. 1. The church, a spacious and handsome edifice with a lofty embattled tower, was built entirely of hewn marble in 1832, at an expense of £1500, of which £800 was a loan from the late Board of First Fruits, and the remainder a gift from J. Waller, Esq., who also undertook to repay the loan. The glebe-house is a very handsome and commodious residence, and the glebe comprises 60 acres of profitable land. In the R. C. divisions this parish is the head of a union or district called Stonehall and Cappagh, comprising also the parishes of Cappagh and Nantinan; the old chapel is in the village of Stonehall, and a handsome chapel of hewn marble was built at Boherbuie, in 1832, at the expense of J. Waller, Esq. About 120 children are taught in the two public schools of this parish, one of which is supported by Mr. Waller; and there are two private schools, in which are about 170 children. Of the castle built by the Danes nothing is now remaining, and of that subsequently erected the vestiges are very slight. In the south-western part of the parish are some fragments of the castle of Carrigonan; and on the new line of road, near Holly Park, are the interesting ruins of the old church or priory of Killeen. Not far from Carrigonan are the remains of the small church of Cillenalotor, 12 feet long and 8 feet wide, lighted by one narrow lancet window in the east gable, and having a very low pointed entrance on the west. Near Stonehall are some very small but interesting lakes, on the shores of which are vestiges of ancient buildings.
KILCORNAN, or KILCORAN, a parish, in the barony of CLANWILLIAM, county of TIPPERARY, and province of MUNSTER, 5 1/2 miles (W. N. W.) from Tipperary; containing 153 inhabitants. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Emly, forming part of the union of Drumkeen and corps of the archdeaconry of Emly: the tithes amount to £52. 10.
KILCORNEY, a parish, in the barony of BURREN, county of CLARE, and province of MUNSTER, eight miles (N. N. E.) from Curofin, near the road from Kilfenora to Ballyvaughan; containing 335 inhabitants. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Kilfenora, united from time immemorial to the rectories and vicarages of Kilheny and Oughtmanna, which together constitute the union of Kilcorney and corps of the chancellorship of Kilfenora, in the gift of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £20, and those of the union, to £165. There is neither church nor glebe-house, but a glebe of 185 acres. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Carrune. About 65 children are educated in a school superintended by the R. C. clergyman. The ruins of the ancient church still remain in the burial-ground. Near the village is a remarkable cave, the mouth of which is level with the ground: from the interior of this cave, which is of considerable extent, water is occasionally spouted into the air to a great height, and inundates the plain, although it is at some distance from any river or lake, and nearly six miles from the sea.
KILCORNEY, a parish, in the barony of WEST MUSKERRY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 3 miles (E. S. E.) from Millstreet, on the Bogra road to Cork; containing 1257 inhabitants, and comprising 8606 statute acres, of which 3474 consist of good arable land, and the remainder of mountain pasture. In 1651, a desperate battle was fought at Knockbrack, or Knockiclashy, on the borders of this parish, between the parliamentary forces under Lord Broghill and those commanded by Lord Muskerry. Towards the south and south-east the parish is mountainous, and on the east borders on the Bogra Moors: good building stone is found in several places. Kilcorney House, the residence of H. Sherlock, Esq., is an old mansion to which was formerly attached an extensive and finely wooded demesne. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £147. 13. 10. There is neither church nor glebe-house, but a glebe of about 13 acres. In the R. C. divisions the parish forms part of the district of Clonmeen: the chapel, a plain edifice, is situated on the road to Cork. About 80 children are educated in two private schools. Some vestiges of the old church still exist in the burial-ground.
KILCOWAN, or KILCOAN, a parish, in the barony of BARGY, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 10 miles (S. W. by S.) from Wexford, on the lough formed by the burrow of Ballyteigue; containing 557 inhabitants. This parish comprises 1959 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act: the land, which is chiefly in tillage, is partly manured with sea-weed, procured from the lough, and partly with lime, quarries of good limestone being worked on the townland of Baldwinstown. It is in the diocese of Ferns; the rectory is impropriate in the representatives of W. Bell, Esq., and the vicarage forms part of the union of Mulrankin. The tithes amount to £162. 11. 6., of which £111. 18. 3. is payable to the impropriators, and £50. 13. 3. to the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Rathangan. A school-house has been lately erected at the village of Baldwinstown, in which about 40 children are educated, under the superintendence of the parish priest. Near the village is the castle of Baldwinstown, consisting of a lofty tower, about 30 feet square, the walls of which at the base measure nearly 13 feet in thickness.
KILCOWANMORE, a parish, in the barony of SHELMALIER, county of WEXFORD, and province of LEINSTER, 5 miles (S. W.) from Enniscorthy, on the road to Ballyhack; containing 630 inhabitants, and comprising 4270 statute acres. It is an impropriate cure, in the diocese of Ferns, held with that of Clongeen, and in the patronage of F. Leigh, Esq., in whom the rectory is impropriate, and both parishes are annexed to the union of Tintern for the performance of clerical duties: the tithes, amounting to £70, are entirely payable to Mr. Leigh, who allows a stipend to the curate of Tintern for discharging the duties of the two parishes, between which several others intervene. About 40 children are educated in a private school.
KILCREAGH, a parish, in the barony of BALROTHERY, county of DUBLIN, and province of LEINSTER, 2 miles (N. E.) from Swords; the population is included in the return for Donabate, into which this parish has merged. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Dublin, incorporated with Donabate, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; the rectory is appropriate to the economy fund of St. Patrick's cathedral: the tithes are included with those of Donabate. The church, which was very small, is in ruins.
KILCREDAN, a parish, in the barony of IMOKILLY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 5 miles (S. E.) from Castlemartyr; containing 573 inhabitants. This parish, which is bounded on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, comprises 1008 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The northern part is very hilly and the soil shallow, resting on a substratum of clay-slate; but from its immediate vicinity to the sea, whence abundance of sea-weed and sand are procured for manure, it is rendered tolerably productive. In other parts the land is of good quality, and in an excellent state of cultivation, and at Ballycrenan considerable improvements in agriculture are in progress; about three-fourths of the land are in tillage, and the remainder in grazing farms, with some rough mountain pasture. From its situation about midway between Cable island and Ballycotton bay, and from its fine beach of sand extending in a bold semicircular sweep for nearly four miles, this place is much resorted to for sea-bathing.
At Ballycrenan is a coast-guard station belonging to the district of Youghal. The living is a vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, episcopally united to those of Kilmacdonough and Garryvoe, forming the union of Kilcredan, in the patronage of the Crown; the rectory forms part of the union of Lisgold and corps of the precentorship in the cathedral of Cloyne. The tithes amount to £120, of which £80 is payable to the precentor, and £40 to the vicar; and the aggregate tithes of the union amount to £455. 1. 11 1/2. The church, erected in 1636, is about to be rebuilt; it contains some monuments to the Tynte family, formerly proprietors of the castle. There is no glebe-house; the glebe comprises 11 1/2 acres. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Ladies-bridge. The parochial male and female schools, in which are about 20 children, are supported by Captain Hoare (who gives the house rent-free), Mrs. B. Fitzgerald, and the vicar; and there is a private school of about 20 children. The fine ruins of Ballycrenan castle occupy an eminence at a short distance from the coast, commanding an interesting view of the sea and the beautiful bay of Ballycotton: this castle was built by the Carew family early in the 15th century, and was destroyed in 1641; it was afterwards restored, and occupied till 1798; the Wallis family, who purchased it soon after the abdication of Jas. II., were the last occupiers.
KILCREDANE, or KILSHIDEEN (commonly called KILKNEEDAN), a parish, in the barony of MAGONIHY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. by W.) from Killarney, on the old road toTralee; containing 782 inhabitants, and comprising 3650 statute acres, mostly in tillage and of good quality. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, forming part of the union of Molahiffe; the rectory is impropriate in the Crosbie family. The tithes, amounting to £73. 16. 10., are payable in equal portions to the impropriator and the vicar. The townlands of East and West Inchicarriganes and Aughnablaha pay half tithes with the parish of Kilcummin. In the R, C. divisions it forms part of the union or district of Fieries; the chapel at Ballyhar is a modern building. About 80 children are educated in two private schools. On an eminence overhanging the Gheestan river, which bounds the parish on the north-east, are the ruins of the old church.
KILCROAN, a parish, in the barony of HALF-BALLYMOE, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT, 11 miles (N. W. by W.) from Roscommon, on the road from that place to Dunmore; containing 2329 inhabitants. This parish comprises 3875 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, exclusively of a large quantity of bog, and contains Glinsk, the seat of Sir John Burke, Bart. It is a vicarage, in the diocese of Elphin, forming part.of the union of Donamon; the rectory is impropriate in Lord Ranelagh, and the tithes amount to £106. 15., which is equally divided between the impropriator and the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, called Glinsk and Kilcroan, including the parishes of Kilcroan, Ballynakill, Ardclare, and Oran, and containing chapels at Glinsk and Ballymoe. About 20 children are educated in a public, and about 50 in a private, school; there is also a Sunday school. Here are the ruins of an ancient church, and at Tubberroe are the remains of an abbey.
KILCROHANE, or MUNTEBARRA, a parish, in the West Division of the barony of WEST CARBERY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 14 miles (S. W.) from Bantry, on the southern coast; containing 4317 inhabitants. This parish, which is situated between the bays of Dunmanus and Bantry, forms a peninsula terminating in Sheep's Head, and comprises 13,230 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2247 per annum. Of these, 9168 acres are mountain, 1667 coarse pasturage, 2125 arable, 260 good pasture land, and about 10 acres bog. The soil is generally rocky and unproductive, and much of the land is uncultivated; its exposed situation between the bays lays it open to the full force of the westerly and north-westerly winds, and is very unfavourable to agricultural improvement. A ridge of mountains of clay-slate intersects the parish from east to west, and on the highest point is a signal tower, communicating with those of Bere island and Three-Castle Head. There are several small lakes; manganese is found in different places, and there are indications of copper ore, and abundance of slate of good quality, but no attempt has yet been made to work any of these minerals. The only seat is O'Donovan's Cove, the residence of T. O'Donovan, Esq. Sheep's Head is situated in 51° 32' (N. Lat.) and 9° 39' (W. Lon.), and is 4 miles (N. N. E.) from Three-Castle Head; between them is the entrance to Dunmanus bay, The parish is in the diocese of Cork; the rectory is impropriate in Lord Riversdale, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Durrus. The tithes amount to £370, of which £135 is payable to the impropriator and the remainder to the vicar; the glebe comprises 5 1/2 acres. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; the chapel is a small plain edifice. On the shore of Dunmanus bay are the ruins of the old parish church, and near it are the remains of the ancient castle of the O'Donovans, built in the 16th century.
KILCROHANE, a parish, in the barony of DUNKERRON, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 14 miles (S. W.) from Kenmare; containing 9468 inhabitants. This parish is situated on the northern shore of the great, river or bay of Kenmare, along which it extends nearly 14 miles. It is bounded on the east by the river Blackwater, on the west by the bay of Ballinaskelligs, and on the north by a range of lofty mountains which separates it from the barony of Iveragh; and is computed to contain nearly 90,000 statute acres, the greater part of which consists of rocky mountain pasture, waste, and bog, there being but a very small portion in tillage, and that chiefly for potatoes, for which sea manure is used. The land is usually computed by gneeves, of which the parish contains 768, estimated at the annual value of £6720. Nearly in the centre of the parish an inlet of the bay of Kenmare receives the river Sneem, and forms the harbour of that name, where vessels of considerable size may lie securely when not exposed to the south-western gales. The western extremity of the parish terminates in the peninsula called Hog Head, which forms the southern side of the bay of Ballinaskelligs. Along the shore in Kenmare bay are several islands, the principal of which is Rossmore; and about a league off the western shore are those of Scariff and Dinish, called the Hog Islands. There is at present but one main line of road through the parish; but a new line is about to be constructed from Sneem to the pass of Cameduff, where it will meet the new road between Killarney and Kenmare about midway. Several of the inhabitants, including some of the small farmers, are occasionally employed in the fishery of the bay, on which they partly depend for their support; but it is expected that the new road from Sneem will tend materially to develop the agricultural resources of this wild and mountainous district. The bogs, which are deep and extensive, were surveyed about 30 years since, by the late Mr. Nimmo, who reported to the Government that the greater part of them were capable of being drained and brought into cultivation at a moderate expense. On the summit of the mountain called Finabagough, 1200 feet above the level of the sea, is an extensive tract of common, where cattle are grazed during the summer months. The seats are Derrynane, the residence of Daniel O'Connell, Esq., M.P.; Derriquin, of F. C. Bland, Esq.; Hollywood, of -- Hyde, Esq.; Aska, of Dr. Browne; Castle Cove, of Mr. O'Sullivan; and the glebe-house, of the Rev. S. Mathews. Derrynane, sometimes called Derrynane or Darrynane Abbey, from its proximity to the ruins of the ancient monastery of that name, is situated near the shore of the Atlantic, at the western extremity of the parish: it is an extensive but irregular pile of building, partly in the castellated style, and has been much enlarged by the proprietor, who has also greatly improved the approaches, and extended the shrubberies and plantations as far as the situation, so much exposed to the western gales, will allow. The surrounding scenery, which is of the most wild and romantic description, is terminated on the north by a range of rugged and lofty mountains, from the summit of which an extensive view of the western coast is obtained, embracing the entrances to the bays of Bantry and Kenmare, the bay of Ballinaskelligs, Dursey Island, and the Skellig Isles. Derriquin, also partly castellated, is situated in a finely wooded demesne on the bay of Kenmare, which is here studded with several small islands. The prostrate juniper is found on the shore at this place. A penny post to Cahirciveen has been lately established at Ballybrack.
The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe, united prior to any existing record to the rectory and vicarage of Templenoe, and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes amount to £258. 9. 2 3/4., and those of the union to £380. 15. 4 1/2. The church at Sneem is a plain structure, erected about 1790, for which purpose £390 was granted by the late Board of First Fruits, and £100 was granted at the same period towards the erection of the glebe-house. The glebe comprises 23 acres, subject to a rent of £30. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms two separate districts; the eastern, called Ballybog, contains the chapels of Sneem and Thahilla; and the western, called Derrynane, those of Derrynane and Lohurt. The chapel at Sneem is a large plain building, and that at Derrynane is a neat modern edifice, erected at the joint expense of the late General Daniel Count O'Connell, Mr. O'Connell, and Mr. Hartop. The parochial school at Sneem is supported by Mr. Bland, of Derriquin, and the incumbent; a school held in Sneem chapel is chiefly supported by the priest, and a free school at Derrynane by a bequest of £10 per annum from the late General Daniel Count O'Connell (at whose expense the school-house, a neat building, was erected) and by annual donations from Mr. O'Connell and Mr. Hartop: about 250 children are educated in these schools. The ruins of Aghamore or Derrynane Abbey, founded in the seventh century by the monks of St. Finbarr, at Cork, for canons regular of the order of St. Augustine, stand on a peninsula which becomes insulated at spring tides, and has therefore acquired the name of "Abbey Island." A portion of the walls has been washed away by the violence of the waves, but the remains are still considerable, and the eastern window nearly entire. Here is the family vault of the O'Connells. At Coode are the ruins of the old church, and on a hill about a mile from it is a curious hermitage, hewn out of the solid rock, said to have belonged to St. Crohane, the patron saint of the parish. At Cahirdaniel are the remains of a large fortification, consisting of a rampart seven feet high, constructed of large stones, and attributed to the Danes; and at Money Fluch are those of a similar one. But one of the most remarkable ancient structures in Ireland is Staigue Fort, which is generally considered to be unique. It stands on a low hill nearly in the centre of an amphitheatre of barren mountains, open from the south to the bay of Kenmare, from which it is about a mile and a half distant. The building, which is nearly of a circular form, is constructed of the ordinary stone of the country, but bears no mark whatever of a tool, having been evidently erected before masonry became a regular art. The only entrance is by a doorway barely five feet high, through a wall upwards of 13 feet thick, which opens into an area of about 90 feet in diameter. The circumference is divided into a series of compartments of steps, or seats, ascending to the top of the surrounding wall, in the form of the letter X, and in two of these compartments are entrances to cells constructed in the centre of the wall. The average height of the wall on the outside is 18 feet, battering as it rises by a curve, which produces a very singular effect: the wall also batters on the inside, so as to be reduced from about 13 feet at the bottom to 7 at the top. On the outside the stones are small, and the joints are so filled with splinters of stone as not to be removed without violence. The fort is surrounded by a broad fosse. Various conjectures have been formed as to its origin and use, the most probable of which appears to be that it, was erected as a place of refuge for the inhabitants and their cattle from the sudden inroads of the pirates of former times.--See BLACKWATER, DINISH, SCARIFF, and SNEEM.
KILCRONAGHAN, a parish, in the barony of LOUGHINSHOLIN, county of LONDONDERRY, and province of ULSTER; containing, with the post-town of Tubbermore, 4186 inhabitants. It comprises, according to the Ordnance survey, 7992 3/4 statute acres, of which 7409 are applotted under the tithe act, and includes some of the richest portions of the valley of the Mayola, the principal part of which is pasture; there are also above 500 acres of mountain land in pasture. Great quantities of reddish limestone and much valuable freestone are quarried, some of which is exported from Portballyronan: there are also some thin seams of coal. The principal seats are Fort William, the residence of J. Stevenson, Esq., and the glebe-house, of the Rev. J. T. Paul. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Derry, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £350. The church is a small edifice, rebuilt in 1816; near the communion table is a beautiful niche in the Norman style, which was part of the ancient edifice: the Ecclesiastical Commissioners lately granted £132 for the repair of this church. The glebe-house, which adjoins it, stands on a glebe of three acres, besides which there is a glebe of 234 acres of arable land, about two miles from the church. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Desartmartin, and has a chapel at Keenaght. There is a meeting-house for Presbyterians at Tubbermore: it was built in 1728, and is of the second class, in connection with the Synod of Ulster. There is also a meeting-house for Independents in the town. About 480 children are educated in seven public schools, and there are six Sunday schools. Dr. Adam Clarke, the celebrated biblicist, was born at Moybeg, in this parish.--See TUBBERMORE.
KILCRUMPER, a parish, partly in the barony of FERMOY, but chiefly in that of CONDONS and CLONGIBBONS, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, at the junction of the rivers Funcheon and Blackwater, and nearly adjoining the town of Kilworth; containing 1408 inhabitants, and comprising 3249 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £3842. 14. 11. per annum. The land is in general of a good quality and chiefly under tillage. Limestone and brownstone abound, and are worked to a considerable extent for manure and building. At Araglyn are the extensive woollen-mills of Mr. Paulet Higgins, for the manufacture of broad cloth. The gentlemen's seats are Ballinacarriga, the residence of J. G. Pym, Esq.; Douglas, of Henry Deece, Esq.; and Kilcrumper glebe, of the Rev. T. Newenham, which is beautifully situated on an eminence peninsulated by the Araglyn, the Funcheon, and the Blackwater, and commands one of the most luxuriant and picturesque scenes in the county. The parish is in the diocese of Cloyne: the rectory is impropriate in Messrs. E. & B. Norcott, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Kilworth: the tithes, amounting to £440. 3. 3., are payable in equal portions to the impropriators and the vicar. In the R. C. divisions it is partly included in the union or district of Kilworth, but chiefly in that of Fermoy. About 30 children are educated in a private school. On a rocky eminence overhanging the Funcheon are the extensive remains of the castellated mansion of Ballyhindon.
KILCULLANE.--See KILKELLANE.
KILCULLEN, a parish, in the barony of KILCULLEN, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 8 miles (S. S. W.) from Naas, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Athy and Carlow; containing 2918 inhabitants. This place, which since the erection of the new town of Kilcullen-Bridge, has been called Old Kilcullen, derived its name from the foundation of a church and monastery in the district of Coulan, of which St. Patrick appointed St. Isernine bishop, who died in 469 and was succeeded by St. Mactalius. The monastery and the town which grew up around it were plundered repeatedly by the Danes, between the years 883 and 1037; but after the English obtained a settlement in the country, the town was fortified and greatly increased in importance. Soon after the invasion, a castle was erected here by the Fitzmartins, which afterwards became the property of the Fitz-Eustace family, of whom Thomas Fitz-Eustace, afterwards Viscount Baltinglass, was created Baron of Kilcullen by Hen. VIII. Previously to the year 1319, the town was surrounded with strong walls and defended by seven gates, but Maurice Jaques having in that year built a bridge over the river Liffey, about two miles from this place, the town of Kilcullen-Bridge began rapidly to increase, and the ancient town to decline. During the civil war this castle was garrisoned for the parliamentarians, in 1641, but was taken two years afterwards by the Marquess of Ormonde. In the same year, the commissioners appointed to treat for a cessation of hostilities assembled here, but afterwards adjourned to Jigginstown, near Naas, and in 1647 the castle was taken and burnt by the parliamentarians. In the disturbances of 1798, a large number of the insurgents posted themselves in the churchyard, on the summit of a very steep hill, and Capts. Erskine and Cookes, who advanced to dislodge them, were killed in the attempt, and their party repulsed. The insurgents afterwards assembled in great numbers on the heights above the town, from which they were driven with great loss by Gen. Dundas, who was stationed here, and several thousands of them subsequently surrendered to him on the hill of Knockawlin, about a mile distant, where they had occupied an intrenched camp. The town, which stood on a bleak eminence in a very commanding position, is now only an insignificant village; its market, which belongs by patent to the Rev. Thomas O'Moore, has been removed to Kilcullen-Bridge, but fairs are still held here on June 22nd and Oct. 3rd.
The parish comprises 6619 statute acres, of which more than four-fifths are in tillage, and the remainder, with the exception of a small portion of woodland and exhausted bog, is in pasture. The soil is fertile, and the lands are in a high state of cultivation; the system of agriculture has, within the last 15 years, been very greatly improved, and the surrounding scenery is pleasingly diversified. Castle-Martin, the elegant residence of W. H. Carter, Esq., occupies the site of the ancient castle of the Fitz-Martins, near Kilcullen-Bridge: the present mansion was occupied by the king's troops as a barrack, in 1798; it is surrounded with a highly improved and richly wooded demesne. Halverstown, the seat of P. Purcell, Esq., is finely situated in the midst of extensive and thriving plantations, which, covering an elevated part of the demesne, are a great ornament to a large tract of country around. The living is a vicarage (otherwise called a perpetual curacy), in the diocese of Dublin, united, in 1833, to the impropriate curacies of Davidstown, Giltown, and Brannickstown, together forming the impropriate or perpetual curacy of Kilcullen; the rectory is partly appropriate to the precentorship, but chiefly united to the half rectory of Glasnevin, together constituting the corps of the chancellorship of the cathedral of Christchurch, Dublin, in the patronage of the Crown. The tithes amount to £332. 6. 10., of which £37. 6. 6. is payable to the precentor, £197. 6. 5. to the chancellor, and £97. 13. 11. to the perpetual curate. The church, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits granted a loan of £1000, is undergoing an enlargement, which will render it cruciform, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners having granted £238. Divine service is also performed during the summer in a school-house at Calvertstown. The glebe-house is a neat building, and the glebe comprises 20 acres. The R. C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; there is a chapel at Gormanstown, and also at New Abbey; the latter stands within the cemetery, and is built partly with the materials of the ancient abbey, some of the ornamental sculptures of which are preserved in the present building. About 430 children are taught in five public schools, of which one was built by a bequest of £100 from the Rev. Kildare Burrowes, and is aided by donations from the Rev. J. Burrowes and Mrs. Purcell; and there is also a Sunday school. There are still some remains of New Abbey, founded in 1460 for Franciscans of the Strict Observance, by Sir Rowland Fitz-Eustace, many years Lord Chancellor and Treasurer of Ireland. After its dissolution it was granted, in 1582, by Queen Elizabeth to the poet Spenser; and though the tower fell in 1764, and a great portion of the materials was used in building the R. C. chapel, the ruins are still highly interesting. The tomb of the founder and his lady are still visible in the churchyard, but so deeply sunk in the ground that the inscription, ascribing the foundation of the abbey to Rowland Fitz-Eustace, who died Dec. 19th, 1496, can with difficulty be read. In the churchyard at Old Kilcullen are the remains of a slender circular tower, and the erect shaft of an ancient cross divided into compartments, each containing an emblematical sculpture.
KILCULLEN-BRIDGE, a market and post-town, in the parish and barony of KILCULLEN, county of KILDARE, and province of LEINSTER, 5 1/2 miles (S. by W.) from Naas, and 21 (S. W.) from Dublin; containing 699 inhabitants. This town had its origin in the erection of a bridge over the river Liffey, in 1319, from which period it continued gradually to increase, and has now totally superseded the ancient town of Kilcullen, of which the market has been removed to this place. It is two miles to the east of the former town, and within a short distance of the great Bog of Allen, and consists of one principal street containing 112 houses; it lies chiefly on the western bank of the river, and is well supplied with water; the bridge has a venerable and interesting appearance, and not far from the eastern end of it is a large rath. The market is on Saturday, and is well supplied; and fairs are held on Feb. 2nd, March 25th, June 22nd, Sept. 8th and 29th, Oct. 2nd, and Dec. 8th. A constabulary police station has been established here; and petty sessions are held every Saturday. There is a dispensary, and in the vicinity is a small monastic establishment.
KILCULLIHEEN, or KILCLOHEEN, a parish, in the county of the city of WATERFORD, and province of MUNSTER, 1 1/2 mile (E. N. E.) from Waterford; containing 1333 inhabitants. It comprises 2182 statute acres, of which about 729 are in tillage, and 1296 in pasture; and was originally part of the county of Kilkenny, but by grant of Chas. I. was transferred to Waterford, with which it is connected by a wooden bridge over the Suir from Ferry bank. Near the bridge is a large ship-building establishment. The principal seats are New Park, the residence of the Rt. Hon. Sir John Newport, Bart.; Belmont House, of H. Winston Barron, Esq.; Killaspy, of A. Sherlock, Esq.; Rockshire, of the Hon. Mrs. Greene; Sion Lodge, of C. S. Tandy, Esq.; and the residences of Major Snow, Capt. Snow, and A. R. Pope, Esq. The parish is in the diocese of Ossory; the rectory is impropriate in the corporation of Waterford, and the vicarage has been united from time immemorial to the rectory of Muckalee. The tithes amount to £110, of which £65 is payable to the impropriators, and £45 to the vicar. The church was built by aid of a loan of £900, in 1820, from the late Board of First Fruits, and has recently been repaired by a grant of £300 from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the district of Slieruagh, and contains a chapel. About 60 children are educated in a private school. In 1151, Dermot Mac Murrough, King of Leinster, founded a nunnery here as a cell to that of St. Mary de Hogges, near Dublin, and it was afterwards richly endowed by King John and David Fitz-Milo: it was sometimes called the Nunnery De Bello Portu, and at the dissolution was granted to the corporation of Waterford.
KILCULLY, a parish, in the county of the city of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 2 1/4 miles (N.) from Cork, on the road from that city to Mallow; containing 447 inhabitants. It comprises 1734 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £2669 per annum, and consists principally of dairy farms. The land is based upon clay-slate, and is generally fertile and well cultivated: here is a very large flour-mill. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cork, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £127. 19. 8. Divine service is performed in a house licensed by the bishop. In the R. C. divisions it forms part of the union or, district of Upper Glanmire. Here are some remains of the church, and not far distant are the ruins of Rahinisky castle.
KILCUMMER, a parish, in the barony of FERMOY, county of CORK, and province of MUNSTER, 1 1/2 mile (S. E. by S.) from Castletown-Roche, on the road from Mallow to Fermoy, and on the rivers Awbeg and Blackwater; containing 812 inhabitants, and comprising 2480 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at £1787 per annum. The land, with the exception of the portion on the south side of the Blackwater, forming part of the Nagle mountains, is of medium quality, and chiefly in tillage. Fairs are held on the 21st of April, July, Sept., and Dec., for cattle and pigs. The seats are Woodville, the residence of Mrs. Gibbons; and Renny, the property of H. Smith, Esq. The latter was formerly part of the estate, and the occasional residence of the poet Spenser; it is finely situated at the junction of the Awbeg with the Blackwater; and some vestiges of the old castle of Renny still exist near the present house. At a short distance from this place the Awbeg is crossed by the long bridge of Kilcummer, and near the high road leading to the bridge are the ruins of the ancient church. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cloyne, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to £132. In the R. C. divisions this parish forms part of the union or district of Castletown-Roche. About 15 children are educated in a private school.
KILCUMMIN, a parish, in the barony of MOYCULLIN, county of GALWAY, and province of CONNAUGHT; containing, with the post-town of Oughterard, 9848 inhabitants. It comprises 93,982 statute acres, of which only 8811 are rated in the county books, the remainder being bog and mountain; and includes within its limits several uninhabited islands, and the inhabited islands of Littermullen, Innisherk, Dynish, Famish, and Nappagh, in Kilkerrin and Greatman's bays. The principal seats are Lemonfield, the residence of T. O'Flahertie, Esq.; Port Carrin, of J. Nolan, Esq.; Ardvarn, of A. Ross, Esq.; Clareville, of T. B, Martin, Esq.; and Lodge, of the Rev. Dr. Kirwan. The living is a perpetual cure, in the diocese of Tuam, united to those of Rahoon, Moycallen, and Ballinacourty, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; the rectory is partly impropriate in T. B. Martin, Esq., and partly forms a portion of the union of St. Nicholas and wardenship of Galway. The tithes amount to £140, of which £70 is payable to the impropriator, £35 to the warden of Galway, and £35 to the perpetual curate. The church, which is in Oughterard, is a small neat building, for the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits gave £600, in 1808. For the erection of the glebe-house, the same Board, in 1819, gave £450 and lent £50: the glebe comprises 16 acres. In the R. C. divisions this parish is partly in the diocese of Galway, and partly in that of Tuam: the former part is called Oughterard, from the chapel being at that place; the latter is united to part of Killanin, and is called the union or district of Killeen, in which are three chapels. About 220 children are educated in seven private schools. The town of Galway and a large portion of the adjoining country are supplied with turf from the district that stretches along the headlands of Kilkerrin and Greatman's bays; and the inhabitants of the interior, through the medium of Lough Corrib, are hence supplied with sea-sand and sea-weed for manure. Several hundred boats are constantly employed in the conveyance of these articles, and during the intervals between the fishing seasons many of the fishing-boats are similarly occupied. From this place to Galway there are two sailing courses, one by the bay of Kilkerrin round Galin Head, where there is a tremendous sea with strong currents; the other by Greatman's bay, by which vessels may keep in smooth water within the islands. This passage is, however, obstructed by the rocky pass of Dangan, which can only be sailed through at high tide, so that 200 boats are sometimes waiting for a passage. To remedy this evil, it is proposed to clear that channel and construct piers, which would render the passage easy at most heights of the tide. The estimated expense of this great improvement is only £480. 3. 4., and the Board of Public Works have recommended that half should be paid by Government. A pier has been erected by the Fishery Board on the north-east side of Garomna Island, in Greatman's bay.--See OUGHTERARD.
KILCUMMIN, a parish, in the barony of MAGONIHY, county of KERRY, and province of MUNSTER, 4 1/2 miles (N. E.) from Killarney, on the roads from that town to Castleisland and Millstreet; containing 6637 inhabitants, and comprising 36,958 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, including 422 acres not titheable. A considerable portion consists of mountain pasture, bog, and coarse arable land. The soil is in general heavy; but in consequence of an abundant supply of lime, the state of agriculture has of late been much improved. The quarry at Carrigdulkeen, isolated in the midst of an extensive district of mountain and bog, produces a fine blue limestone, equally adapted for building and manure, and is worked to a considerable extent, there being no other within a circuit of several miles. A court is occasionally held at Five-mile-bridge, by the Earl of Kenmare's seneschal, for the manors of Ross and Molahiffe, at which debts not exceeding 40s. late currency are recoverable. The seats are Shanagh House, the residence of Mr. H. O'Sullivan; and Rathmore, the property of D. Cronin, Esq., now occupied by a society of monks of the order of La Trappe, a branch from the parent establishment at Mount Melleray, in the county of Waterford. The parish is in the diocese of Ardfert and Aghadoe: the rectory is impropriate in the Earl of Donoughmore, and the vicarage forms part of the union of Killarney. The tithes amount to £526. 9. 4 1/4., of which £304. 18. 7. is payable to the impropriator, and the remainder to the vicar. In the R. C. arrangements this parish is divided into East and West Kilcummin: the former, with the greater part of the adjoining parish of Nohoval-daly, forms the district of Knocknacoppel; and the latter forms a separate district, of which the chapel is situated at Kilcummin. In the district of Knocknacoppel are the chapel of that name, a large plain building; Griorguillea chapel, recently rebuilt; and that of Knocknagree, in Nohoval-daly: there is also a chapel attached to the establishment at Rathmore open to the public. In a public school at Inch, and two others in the parish, about 380 children are educated. To each of these schools the Earl of Kenmare contributes an annual donation; and the late Mr. Cronin, of the Park, near Killarney, recently bequeathed £30 per annum for the establishment and support of a school in each of the parishes of Kilcummin and Nohoval-daly. On the southern confines of the parish are two remarkable mountains, which from their peculiar shape are called "the Paps," forming striking features in the mountain scenery on the road from Killarney to Cork. At their base is an ancient fort or rath, near which is a holy well resorted to by numbers of the peasantry on May-day. The ruins of the old church are situated on an eminence commanding an extensive prospect. The late Lord Barrymore was interred here.